Race, Ethnicity, Gender, and Class ; The Sociology of Group Conflict and Change

Cover
Halftitle Page
Title Page
Copyright
Dedication
Brief Contents
Detailed Contents
Preface
	Changes in This Edition
	Changes in Continuing Features
		Other Changes
	Ancillaries
		SAGE edge for Students
		SAGE edge for Instructors
Acknowledgments
Reviewers
	First Edition Reviewers
	Second Edition Reviewers
	Third Edition Reviewers
	Fourth Edition Reviewers
	Fifth Edition Reviewers
	Sixth Edition Reviewers
	Seventh Edition Reviewers
	Eighth Edition Reviewers
About the Authors
Part I An Introduction to the Study of Minority Groups in the United States
	1 Diversity in the United States Questions and Concepts
		Learning Objectives
		Some American Stories
		Questions for Reflection
		Minority Groups: Trends and Questions
			Increasing Diversity
			What’s in a Name?
		Questions for Reflection
		Questions for Reflection
		Questions About the Future, Sociology, and the Plan of This Book
		Questions to Consider
		What Is a Minority Group?
		Questions for Reflection
		Patterns of Inequality
			Theoretical Perspectives
			Minority-Group Status and Stratification
		Visible Distinguishing Traits: Race and Gender
			Race
			Gender
		Questions for Reflection
		Key Concepts in Dominant–Minority Relations
			Prejudice
			Discrimination
		Questions for Reflection
			Ideological Racism
			Institutional Discrimination
		Questions to Consider
		A Global Perspective
			Immigration and Globalization
		Conclusion
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
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		Current Debates: Birthright Citizenship: Who Should Be an American?
		Public Sociology Assignments
	2 Assimilation and Pluralism From Immigrants to White Ethnics
		Learning Objectives
		Assimilation
			Types of Assimilation
			The “Traditional” Perspective on Assimilation: Theories and Concepts
		Questions for Reflection
		Pluralism
			Types of Pluralism
		Questions for Reflection
		Other Group Relationships
		From Immigrants to White Ethnics
			Industrialization and Immigration
			European Origins and Conditions of Entry
				Northern and Western Protestant Europeans
				Immigrant Laborers From Ireland and Southern and Eastern Europe
				Eastern European Jewish Immigrants and the Ethnic Enclave
			Chains of Immigration
			The Campaign Against Immigration: Prejudice, Racism, and Discrimination
		Questions to Consider
		Questions for Reflection
		Patterns of Assimilation
			The Importance of Generations
			Ethnic Succession
		Shadow of the Past
			Questions to Consider
			Continuing Industrialization and Structural Mobility
		Questions for Reflection
		Variations in Assimilation
			Degree of Similarity
			Religion
			Social Class
			Gender
			Sojourners
		Questions for Reflection
		The Descendants of the Immigrants Today
			Geographical Distribution
			Integration and Equality
			The Evolution of White Ethnicity
			The Twilight of White Ethnicity?2
		Questions for Reflection
		Questions to Consider
		Contemporary Immigrants: Does the Traditional Perspective Apply?
		Questions for Reflection
		Immigration and Ireland
			Questions to Consider
		Implications for Examining Dominant–Minority Relations
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
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		Current Debates: English Only?
		Public Sociology Assignments
		Internet Research Project
		For Further Reading
	3 Prejudice and Discrimination
		Learning Objectives
		Prejudice and Discrimination
		Prejudice
			The Affective Dimension
		Questions for Reflection
			The Cognitive Dimension: Stereotypes
			Cognitive and Affective Dimensions of Stereotypes
			Intersections of Race, Gender, and Class
		Questions for Reflection
		Sociological Causes of Prejudice
			Group Competition
			Theoretical Perspectives on Group Competition and Prejudice: Power/Conflict Models
			Summary and Limitations
		Questions for Reflection
		The Persistence of Prejudice
			The Vicious Cycle
			The Development of Prejudice in Children
			Social Distance Scales: The Cultural Dimensions of Prejudice
			Situational Influences
			Summary and Limitations
		The Crazyladies of Pearl Street
			Questions to Consider
		Questions for Reflection
		Recent Trends: Traditional Prejudice and Modern Racism
			Traditional Prejudice: Changing Attitudes?
			Explaining the Decline of Traditional Prejudice 1: The Role of Education
			Explaining the Decline of Traditional Prejudice 2: The Contact Hypothesis
		Questions for Reflection
			Modern Racism: The New Face of Prejudice?
		Questions to Consider
			Limitations
		Questions for Reflection
		Hate Crimes
		Questions for Reflection
		The Sociology of Prejudice
		The Making (and Unmaking) of a Skinhead
			Questions to Consider
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
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		Current Debates: Modern Racism on Television?
		Public Sociology Assignments
		Internet Research Project
		For Further Reading
Part II The Evolution of Dominant–Minority Relations in the United States
	4 The Development of Dominant–Minority Group Relations in Preindustrial America The Origins of Slavery
		Learning Objectives
		The Origins of Slavery in America
			The Labor Supply Problem
			The Contact Situation
			The Creation of Slavery in the United States
		Questions for Reflection
			Paternalistic Relations
		Questions for Reflection
			The Dimensions of Minority-Group Status
		Narrative of the Life and Adventures of Henry Walton Bibb
		Sojourner Truth
		Questions for Reflection
		Harriet Ann Jacobs (February 11, 1813 – March 7, 1897)
			Questions to Consider
		The Creation of Minority Status for Native Americans and Mexican Americans
			Native Americans
		Questions for Reflection
			Mexican Americans
		Questions for Reflection
		Comparing Minority Groups
		Questions to Consider
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
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		Current Debates: How Did Slavery Affect the Origins of African American Culture?
		Public Sociology Assignments
		Internet Research Project
		For Further Reading
	5 Industrialization and Dominant–Minority Relations From Slavery to Segregation and the Coming of Postindustrial Society
		Learning Objectives
		Industrialization and the Shift From Paternalistic to Rigid Competitive Group Relations
		The Impact of Industrialization on the Racial Stratification of African Americans: From Slavery to Segregation
			Reconstruction (1865 to the 1880s)
			De Jure Segregation
			The Origins of De Jure Segregation
		Questions to Consider
		Questions for Reflection
			The Great Migration (1916–1970)
			Life in the North
			Competition With White Ethnic Groups
		Death on the City Pavements1
			Questions to Consider
		The Origins of Black Protest
		The Dimensions of Minority-Group Status
			Acculturation and Integration
			Gender and Race
		Questions for Reflection
		Industrialization, the Shift to Postindustrial Society, and Dominant–Minority Group Relations: General Trends
			Urbanization
			Occupational Specialization
			Bureaucracy and Rationality
			Growth of White-Collar Jobs and the Service Sector
			The Growing Importance of Education
			A Dual Labor Market
			Globalization
		Postindustrial Society and the Shift From Rigid to Fluid Competitive Relationships
		Questions for Reflection
		Modern Institutional Discrimination
			The Continuing Power of the Past
			Affirmative Action
		Questions for Reflection
		Social Change and Minority-Group Activism
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
		Learning Resources on the Web
			Sharpen your skills with SAGE edge at edge.sagepub.com/healey8e
			Current Debates: Affirmative Action in Higher Education (the “Mismatch” Hypothesis)
			Public Sociology Assignments
			Internet Research Project
			For Further Reading
Part III Understanding Dominant–Minority Relations in the United States Today
	6 African Americans From Segregation to Modern Racism and Institutional Discrimination
		Learning Objectives
		The End of De Jure Segregation
			Wartime Developments
			The Civil Rights Movement
		Reflections From Rosa Parks
		Questions for Reflection
		Developments Outside the South
			De Facto Segregation
			Urban Unrest
			The Black Power Movement
		Protest, Power, and Pluralism
			The Black Power Movement in Perspective
			Gender and Black Protest
		Questions for Reflection
		Black–White Relations Since the 1960s: Issues and Trends
			Continuing Separation
		Race in Another America
			Questions to Consider
			The Criminal Justice System and African Americans
			Increasing Class Inequality
			Modern Institutional Discrimination
			The Family Institution and the Culture of Poverty
			Mixed Race and New Racial Identities
		Questions for Reflection
		Prejudice and Discrimination
		Assimilation and Pluralism
			Acculturation
			Secondary Structural Assimilation
			Primary Structural Assimilation
		Questions for Reflection
		Is the Glass Half Empty or Half Full?
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
	7 Native Americans From Conquest to Tribal Survival in a Postindustrial Society
		Learning Objectives
		Size of The Group
		Native American Cultures
			Agriculture, Views on Nature, and Land Ownership
			Gender and Social Structure
			Belief Systems and Gender
		Questions for Reflection
		Relations with the Federal Government After the 1890s
			Reservation Life
		Lakota Woman
			Questions to Consider
		PROTEST AND RESISTANCE
			Early Efforts
			Red Power
			The Dakota Access Pipeline (DAPL)
			Protest and Preservation of Native American Cultures
		Questions for Reflection
		Contemporary Native American–White Relations
			Natural Resources
			Attracting Industry to the Reservation
		Questions to Consider
			Broken Treaties
			Gaming and Other Development Possibilities
		Prejudice and Discrimination
		Questions for Reflection
		Assimilation and Pluralism
			Acculturation
		Listening to the Air
			Questions to Consider
			Secondary Structural Assimilation
			Primary Structural Assimilation
		Questions for Reflection
		Comparing Minority Groups
		Progress and Challenges
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
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		Current Debates: Are Indian Sports Team Mascots Offensive?
		Public Sociology Assignments
		Internet Research Project
		For Further Reading
	8 Hispanic Americans Colonization, Immigration, and Ethnic Enclaves
		Learning Objectives
		Mexican Americans
			Cultural Patterns
			Immigration
		Questions to Consider
		Questions for Reflection
			Developments in the United States
		Questions to Consider
			Mexican Americans and Other Minority Groups
		Questions for Reflection
		Puerto Ricans
			Migration (Push and Pull) and Employment
			Transitions
			Puerto Ricans and Other Minority Groups
		Questions for Reflection
		Cuban Americans
			Immigration (Push and Pull)
		The Island Travels With You
			Questions to Consider
			Regional Concentrations
			Socioeconomic Characteristics
			The Ethnic Enclave
			Cuban Americans and Other Minority Groups
		Questions for Reflection
		Prejudice and Discrimination
		Assimilation and Pluralism
			Acculturation
			Secondary Structural Assimilation
		Questions to Consider
			Primary Structural Assimilation
		Questions for Reflection
		Assimilation and Hispanic Americans
		Hispanic Americans and the Evolution of the American Racial Order
			Whitening
			Browning
			Something Else?
			How Will the Racial Order Evolve?
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
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		Current Debates: Are Hispanic Americans Assimilating, or Are They Changing American Culture?
		Public Sociology Assignments
		Internet Research Project
		For Further Reading
	9 Asian Americans Model Minorities?
		Learning Objectives
		Origins and Cultures
		Questions for Reflection
		Contact Situations and the Development of the Chinese American and Japanese American Communities
			Chinese Americans
			Japanese Americans
		Becoming an American Man
			Questions to Consider
		We Were Just Japs
			Questions to Consider
		Questions to Consider
		Comparing Minority Groups
		Questions for Reflection
		Contemporary Immigration from Asia
		Questions for Reflection
		Prejudice and Discrimination
		Assimilation and Pluralism
			Acculturation
			Secondary Structural Assimilation
			Primary Structural Assimilation
		Questions for Reflection
		Comparing Minority Groups: Explaining Asian American Success
			Asian Americans and White Ethnics
			Asian Americans and Colonized Racial Minority Groups
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
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		Current Debates: Asian American “Success”: What Are the Dimensions, Causes, and Implications for Other Minority Groups?
		Public Sociology Assignments
		Internet Research Project
		For Further Reading
	10 New Americans, Assimilation, and Old Challenges
		Learning Objectives
		Current Immigration
		Questions for Reflection
		New Hispanic Groups: Immigrants from the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, and Colombia
			Three Case Studies
		Non-Hispanic Immigrants from the Caribbean
			Two Case Studies
		Contemporary Immigration from Asia
			Four Case Studies
		Middle Eastern and Arab Americans
		From Saigon to Suburbia
			Questions to Consider
			Detroit’s Arab American Community
			9/11 and Arab Americans
		Immigrants from Africa
		Middle Eastern Americans and the American Dream
			Questions to Consider
		Modes of Incorporation
			Immigrants and the Primary Labor Market
			Immigrants and the Secondary Labor Market
			Immigrants and Ethnic Enclaves
			Summary
		Questions for Reflection
		Immigration: Issues and Controversies
			The Attitudes of Americans
			The Immigrants
		Questions for Reflection
			Costs and Benefits
			Undocumented Immigrants
			Dreamers
		Questions for Reflection
		Is Contemporary Assimilation Segmented?
			The Case for Segmented Assimilation
			The Case for “Traditional” Assimilation Theory
			Summary
		Questions for Reflection
		Recent Immigration in Historial and Global Context
		New Immigrants and Old Issues
		Review Questions
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		Current Debates: Is Immigration Harmful or Helpful to the United States?
		Public Sociology Assignments
		Internet Research Project
		For Further Reading
Part IV Other Groups, Other Patterns
	11 Gender
		Learning Objectives
		The Sociology of Gender: The Basics
		Questions for Reflection
		History and Background of Gender Relations
			Hunting and Gathering
			Agrarian
			Industrial
			Gender Inequality in a Globalizing, Postindustrial World
		Questions for Reflection
		Movements for Gender Equality
			First Wave: Suffragists
			Second Wave: Women’s Liberation Movement
		Questions to Consider
			Third Wave: Postmodern and Postindustrial Movements for Gender Equality
		Questions for Reflection
			Institutional Gender Discrimination
		I Must Be a Martian
			Questions to Consider
			Sexual Harassment and Assault in the Military
			Reproductive Rights and Freedoms
		Questions for Reflection
		Sexism and Discrimination
		Questions for Reflection
		Assimilation and Pluralism
			Acculturation
		A Checklist of Men’s Privilege
		The Men’S Privilege Checklist
			Questions to Consider
		Questions to Consider
			Secondary Structural Assimilation
			Primary Structural Assimilation
		Questions for Reflection
		Conclusions and Implications for Dominant–Minority Relations
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
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		Current Debates: Should Children Be Raised Genderless?
		Public Sociology Assignments
		Internet Research Project
		For Further Reading
	12 Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Americans
		Learning Objectives
		Sexual Orientation, Sexual Identity, and Sexual Behavior
			Sexual Orientation Inequalities, Minority-Group Status, and Identity
			Visibility and Identity: Gender Traits and Sexual Orientation
		One More River to Cross
			Questions to Consider
		History and Backgroup of Same-Sex Relationships
			Ancient Greece
			Separate Spheres: Agrarian to Industrial Society
			From World War II and the McCarthy Era to Civil Rights
			The 1960s and Beyond: Growing Visibility, Backlash, and HIV/AIDS
			Coming Out
			Recent Developments
		Questions for Reflection
		Gay Liberation Movements
			Pre-Stonewall: Homophile Organizations
			Post-Stonewall: Gay Liberation Movement
			New Millennium: LGBT and Queer Politics
			The Role of Youth and Queer Liberation
		Questions for Reflection
		Recent Trends and Issues
			Same-Sex Marriage
			Sexual Orientation in the U.S. Military
			Race, Racism, and Sexual Orientation
		Questions for Reflection
		Homophobia and Heterosexism
		Questions for Reflection
		Assimilation and Pluralism
			Acculturation
			Secondary Structural Assimilation
		Questions to Consider
			Primary Structural Assimilation
		Families Like Ours
			Questions to Consider
		Questions for Reflection
		Conclusions and Implications for Dominant–Minority Relations
		Key Terms
		Review Questions
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		Current Debates: Whose Rights Should Prevail?
		Public Sociology Assignments
		Internet Research Project
		For Further Reading
	13 Dominant–Minority Relations in Cross-National Perspective
		Learning Objectives
		A Brief Review of Major Analytical Themes
		Questions for Reflection
		A Snapshot of Global Diversity
		Questions for Reflection
		A Global Tour
			Canada
			Northern Ireland
		Questions to Consider
			Germany
			Switzerland
			Former Yugoslavia
			Rwanda
			South Africa
			The Middle East
			Hawaii
			Brazil
		Questions for Reflection
		Analyzing Group Relations
		Questions for reflection
		Review Questions
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		Public Sociology Assignments
		Internet Research Project
		For Further Reading
Part V Challenges for the Present and the Future
	14 Minority Groups and U.S. Society Themes, Patterns, and the Future
		Learning Objectives
		Revisiting Some Americans
		The Importance of Subsistence Technology
		The Importance of the Contact Situation, Group Competition, and Power
		The Importance of Intersectionality
		Assimilation and Pluralism
		Minority-Group Progress and The Ideology of American Individualism
		A Final Word
		Sharpen your skills with SAGE edge at edge.sagepub.com/healey8e
		Public Sociology Assignments
Glossary
References
Index