Quechua Ethnolinguistic Vitality: A Perspective on and from Health

Title Page
Committee Membership Page
Abstract
Table of Contents
List of Tables
	Table 1. Consultants
List of Figures
	Figure 1 Llakichiwasqanchikmanta Parlarina Kachun: COVID-19
	Figure 2 Quechua COVID-19
	Figure 3 Prevenir el Coronavirus en Quechua
	Figure 4 Churakuy Warwijuta
	Figure 5 Collaborative Work on the Ayni Textbook Dialogues
	Figure 6 Altitude Sickness Discussion
	Figure 7 Topics for Quechua Instruction
	Figure 8 Two Images from The Quechua Project’s Instagram Account
	Figure 9 Renata Flores Music Video
Preface
1.0 Introduction
	1.1 Ethnolinguistic Vitality (EV)
	1.2 Sociolinguistics of Language Contact of Quechua
		1.2.1  Language Contact Between Quechua and Spanish
	1.3 Quechua Health and Language
	1.4 Research Questions
2.0 Ethnolinguistic Vitality: A Sociolinguistics of Language Contact Approach
	2.1 Overview of Ethnolinguistic Vitality
	2.2 A Sociolinguistics of Language Contact: Quechua and Health Care
		2.2.1 Health in Bolivia
		2.2.2 Language Contact in Health Care
3.0 Language Ideologies and Attitudes: Community Perspectives
	3.1 Methods
	3.2 Consultants
	3.3 Literature Review
		3.3.1 Language Ideologies
		3.3.2 Potential Outcomes for EV
	3.4 Results
		3.4.1 Patients’ Perspectives
			3.4.1.1 Valuation of Local Resources and Local Knowledge
			3.4.1.2 Interactions with Healthcare Providers
			3.4.1.3 Impressions of a Spanish Domain
			3.4.1.4 Communication and Language Use in Health
		3.4.2 Providers’ Perspectives
			3.4.2.1 The Importance of Language in Health Care
			3.4.2.2 Recent Language-Related Laws, Legislation, and Programs
			3.4.2.3 Challenges to Increased Use of Quechua
			3.4.2.4 Intercultural Health Care
			3.4.2.5 Meta-analysis of Language Ideologies within Health Care
			3.4.2.6 Suggestions for Improvement
	3.5 Discussion
		3.5.1 Language Ideologies
		3.5.2 Quechua EV
4.0 Evidentiality in Cochabamba Spanish
	4.1 Methods
	4.2 Consultants
	4.3 Literature Review
		4.3.1 Linguistic Resources
			4.3.1.1 Evidentiality
			4.3.1.2 Stance
			4.3.1.3 Epistemic and Affective Stance
			4.3.1.4 Connecting Evidentiality, Epistemic Stance, and Affective Stance
		4.3.2 Examples from the Andes
		4.3.3 Expected Outcomes
	4.4 Results
	4.5 Discussion
		4.5.1 Evidentiality and Stance
		4.5.2 Quechua EV
5.0 Global Quechua and Health
	5.1 COVID-19 Information Dissemination
		5.1.1 Literature Review: COVID-19 in Bolivia and Implications for Indigenous Populations
		5.1.2 Analysis: COVID-19 Information Dissemination Materials
		5.1.3 Quechua EV
	5.2 A Multidialectal Speech Event
		5.2.1 Literature Review: Multi-dialectalism and Multilingualism as Sources for EV
		5.2.2 Analysis
		5.2.3 Discussion
	5.3 Discussion
6.0 Discussion and Conclusion
	6.1 Return to Research Questions
	6.2 Summary of Discussion
		6.2.1 Language Ideologies and Attitudes: Community Perspectives
		6.2.2 Evidentiality in Cochabamba Spanish
		6.2.3 Global Quechua and Health
		6.2.4 Consider the Three Cases Together and the Implications for Quechua EV
	6.3 Other Examples of Quechua EV
	6.4 Theoretical Considerations for EV: Translinguistics
	6.5 Limitations
		6.5.1 Small Sample Size and Selection of Data
		6.5.2 Cultural vs. Linguistic Vitality
	6.6 Conclusion
Appendix A - Codebook
Bibliography