Python and Tkinter Programming

PythonAndTkinter
brief contents
contents
preface
special thanks
about the reader
about the author
conventions
about the cover
author online
Part 1: Basic concepts
	Python
		1.1 Introduction to Python programming and a feature review
			1.1.1 Why Python?
			1.1.2 Where can Python be used?
		1.2 Key data types: lists, tuples and dictionaries
			1.2.1 Lists
			1.2.2 Tuples
			1.2.3 Dictionaries
		1.3 Classes
			1.3.1 How do classes describe objects?
			1.3.2 Defining classes
			1.3.3 Neat Python trick #10
			1.3.4 Initializing an instance
			1.3.5 Methods
			1.3.6 Private and public variables and methods
			1.3.7 Inheritance
			1.3.8 Multiple inheritance
			1.3.9 Mixin classes
	Tkinter
		2.1 The Tkinter module
			2.1.1 What is Tkinter?
			2.1.2 What about performance?
			2.1.3 How do I use Tkinter?
			2.1.4 Tkinter features
		2.2 Mapping Tcl/Tk to Tkinter
		2.3 Win32 and Unix GUIs
		2.4 Tkinter class hierarchy
		2.5 Tkinter widget appearance
	Building an application
		3.1 Calculator example: key features
		3.2 Calculator example: source code
		3.3 Examining the application structure
		3.4 Extending the application
Part 2: Displays
	Tkinter widgets
		4.1 Tkinter widget tour
			4.1.1 Toplevel
			4.1.2 Frame
			4.1.3 Label
			4.1.4 Button
			4.1.5 Entry
			4.1.6 Radiobutton
			4.1.7 Checkbutton
			4.1.8 Menu
			4.1.9 Message
			4.1.10 Text
			4.1.11 Canvas
			4.1.12 Scrollbar
			4.1.13 Listbox
			4.1.14 Scale
		4.2 Fonts and colors
			4.2.1 Font descriptors
			4.2.2 X Window System font descriptors
			4.2.3 Colors
			4.2.4 Setting application-wide default fonts and colors
		4.3 Pmw Megawidget tour
			4.3.1 AboutDialog
			4.3.2 Balloon
			4.3.3 ButtonBox
			4.3.4 ComboBox
			4.3.5 ComboBoxDialog
			4.3.6 Counter
			4.3.7 CounterDialog
			4.3.8 Dialog
			4.3.9 EntryField
			4.3.10 Group
			4.3.11 LabeledWidget
			4.3.12 MenuBar
			4.3.13 MessageBar
			4.3.14 MessageDialog
			4.3.15 NoteBookR
			4.3.16 NoteBookS
			4.3.17 NoteBook
			4.3.18 OptionMenu
			4.3.19 PanedWidget
			4.3.20 PromptDialog
			4.3.21 RadioSelect
			4.3.22 ScrolledCanvas
			4.3.23 ScrolledField
			4.3.24 ScrolledFrame
			4.3.25 ScrolledListbox
			4.3.26 ScrolledText
			4.3.27 SelectionDialog
			4.3.28 TextDialog
			4.3.29 TimeCounter
		4.4 Creating new megawidgets
			4.4.1 Description of the megawidget
			4.4.2 Options
			4.4.3 Creating the megawidget class
	Screen layout
		5.1 Introduction to layout
			5.1.1 Geometry management
		5.2 Packer
			5.2.1 Using the expand option
			5.2.2 Using the fill option
			5.2.3 Using the padx and pady options
			5.2.4 Using the anchor option
			5.2.5 Using hierarchical packing
		5.3 Grid
		5.4 Placer
		5.5 Summary
	Events, bindings and callbacks
		6.1 Event-driven systems: a review
			6.1.1 What are events?
			6.1.2 Event propagation
			6.1.3 Event types
		6.2 Tkinter events
			6.2.1 Events
		6.3 Callbacks
		6.4 Lambda expressions
			6.4.1 Avoiding lambdas altogether
		6.5 Binding events and callbacks
			6.5.1 Bind methods
			6.5.2 Handling multiple bindings
		6.6 Timers and background procedures
		6.7 Dynamic callback handlers
		6.8 Putting events to work
			6.8.1 Binding widgets to dynamic data
			6.8.2 Data verification
			6.8.3 Formatted (smart) widgets
		6.9 Summary
	Using classes, composites and special widgets
		7.1 Creating a Light Emitting Diode class
			7.1.1 Let’s try that again
			7.1.2 What has changed?
		7.2 Building a class library
			7.2.1 Adding a hex nut to our class library
			7.2.2 Creating a switch class
			7.2.3 Building a MegaWidget
		7.3 Summary
	Dialogs and forms
		8.1 Dialogs
			8.1.1 Standard dialogs
			8.1.2 Data entry dialogs
			8.1.3 Single-shot forms
			8.1.4 Tkinter variables
		8.2 A standard application framework
		8.3 Data dictionaries
		8.4 Notebooks
		8.5 Browsers
		8.6 Wizards
		8.7 Image maps
		8.8 Summary
	Panels and machines
		9.1 Building a front panel
		9.2 Modularity
		9.3 Implementing the front panel
		9.4 GIF, BMP and overlays
		9.5 And now for a more complete example
		9.6 Virtual machines using POV-Ray
			9.6.1 And now for something completely different... #10 The Example
		9.7 Summary
	Drawing blobs and rubber lines
		10.1 Drawing on a canvas
			10.1.1 Moving canvas objects
		10.2 A more complete drawing program
		10.3 Scrolled canvases
		10.4 Ruler-class tools
		10.5 Stretching canvas objects
		10.6 Some finishing touches
		10.7 Speed drawing
		10.8 Summary
	Graphs and charts
		11.1 Simple graphs
		11.2 A graph widget
			11.2.1 Adding bargraphs
			11.2.2 Pie charts
		11.3 3-D graphs
		11.4 Strip charts
		11.5 Summary
	Navigation
		12.1 Introduction: navigation models
		12.2 Mouse navigation
		12.3 Keyboard navigation: “mouseless navigation”
		12.4 Building navigation into an application
		12.5 Image maps
		12.6 Summary
	The window manager
		13.1 What is a window manager?
		13.2 Geometry methods
		13.3 Visibility methods
		13.4 Icon methods
		13.5 Protocol methods
		13.6 Miscellaneous wm methods
Part 3: Putting it all together...
	Extending Python
		14.1 Writing a Python extension
		14.2 Building Python extensions
			14.2.1 Linking an extension statically in Unix
			14.2.2 Linking an extension statically in Windows
			14.2.3 Building a dynamic module in Unix
			14.2.4 Building a dynamic module in Windows
			14.2.5 Installing dynamic modules
			14.2.6 Using dynamic modules
		14.3 Using the Python API in extensions
		14.4 Building extensions in C++
		14.5 Format strings
		14.6 Reference counts
		14.7 Embedding Python
		14.8 Summary
	Debugging applications
		15.1 Why print statements?
		15.2 A simple example
		15.3 How to debug
		15.4 A Tkinter explorer
		15.5 pdb
		15.6 IDLE
		15.7 DDD
	Designing effective graphics applications
		16.1 The elements of good interface design
		16.2 Human factors
			16.2.1 Choosing fonts
			16.2.2 Use of color in graphical user interfaces
			16.2.3 Size considerations
		16.3 Alternative graphical user interfaces
		16.4 Summary
	Programming for performance
		17.1 Everyday speedups
			17.1.1 Program organization
			17.1.2 Using the Python optimizer
			17.1.3 Examining code
		17.2 Tkinter performance
			17.2.1 Keep it short!
			17.2.2 Eliminate local variables
			17.2.3 Keep it simple
			17.2.4 Fast initialization
			17.2.5 Throttling events
		17.3 Python techniques
			17.3.1 Importing modules
			17.3.2 Concatenating strings
			17.3.3 Getting nested loops right
			17.3.4 Eliminate module references
			17.3.5 Use local variables
			17.3.6 Using exceptions
			17.3.7 Using map, filter and reduce
		17.4 Application profiling
		17.5 Python extensions
		17.6 Summary
	Threads and asynchronous techniques
		18.1 Threading
			18.1.1 Non-GUI threads
			18.1.2 GUI threads
		18.2 “after” processing
		18.3 Summary
	Distributing Tkinter applications
		19.1 General issues in distributing applications
		19.2 Distributing Unix applications
		19.3 Distributing Win32 applications
		19.4 Python distribution tools
Part 4: Appendices
	Mapping Tk to Tkinter
		General Tk widget information
		The Canvas widget
			Canvas item types
		The Entry widget
		The Listbox widget
		The Menu widget
		The Text widget
		Text indices
		The Button widget
		The Checkbutton widget
		The Frame widget
		The Label widget
		The Menubutton widget
		The Message widget
		The Radiobutton widget
		The Scale widget
		The Scrollbar widget
		The Toplevel widget
		The Image class
			The bitmap image type
			The PhotoImage type
		Window information
		The window manager
		Binding and virtual events
		Geometry management
			The pack command
			The place command
			The grid command
		Fonts
		Other Tk commands
	Tkinter reference
		About this appendix
		Common options
		Options shared by most widgets
		Options shared by many widgets
		Inherited methods
			Common widget methods
			Winfo methods
		Wm methods
			Description
		Bitmap class
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Bitmap
			Methods
		Button
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Button
			Methods
		Canvas
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Canvas
			Methods
		Canvas Arc
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Arc
			Methods
		Canvas bitmap
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Bitmap
			Methods
		Canvas image
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Image
			Methods
		Canvas line
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Line
			Methods
		Canvas oval
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Oval
			Methods
		Canvas polygon
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Polygon
			Methods
		Canvas rectangle
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Rectangle
			Methods
		Canvas text
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Text
			Methods
		Canvas window
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Window
			Methods
		Checkbutton
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Checkbutton
			Methods
		Entry
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Entry
			Methods
		Font class
			Inheritance
			Description
			Shared options
			Options specific to Font
			Methods
			Functions
		Frame
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Frame
			Methods
		Grid geometry manager
			Inheritance
			Description
			Shared options
			Options specific to Grid
			Methods
		Label
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Methods
		Listbox
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Listbox
			Methods
		Menu
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Menu
			Methods
		Menubutton
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Menubutton
			Methods
		Message
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Message
			Methods
		OptionMenu class
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Widget
			Methods
		Pack geometry manager
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Pack
			Methods
		PhotoImage class
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to PhotoImage
			Methods
		Place geometry manager
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Place
			Methods
		Radiobutton
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Radiobutton
			Methods
		Scale
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Scale
			Methods
		Scrollbar
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Scrollbar
			Methods
		Text
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Text
			Methods
		Toplevel
			Description
			Inheritance
			Shared options
			Options specific to Toplevel
			Methods
	Pmw reference: Python megawidgets
		AboutDialog
			Description
			Inheritance
			AboutDialog options
			Components
			Methods
			Functions
		Balloon
			Description
			Inheritance
			Balloon options
			Components
			Methods
		ButtonBox
			Description
			Inheritance
			ButtonBox options
			Components
			Methods
		ComboBox
			Description
			Inheritance
			ComboBox options
			Components
			Methods
		ComboBoxDialog
			Description
			Inheritance
			ComboBoxDialog options
			Components
			Methods
		Counter
			Description
			Inheritance
			Counter options
			Components
			Methods
		CounterDialog
			Description
			Inheritance
			CounterDialog options
			Components
			Methods
		Dialog
			Description
			Inheritance
			Dialog options
			Components
			Methods
		EntryField
			Description
			Validation function return values
			Inheritance
			EntryField options
			Validators
			Components
			Methods
		Group
			Description
			Inheritance
			Group options
			Components
			Methods
		LabeledWidget
			Description
			Inheritance
			LabeledWidget options
			Components
			Methods
		MegaArchetype
			Description
			Inheritance
			Methods
		MegaToplevel
			Description
			Inheritance
			MegaToplevel options
			Components
			Methods
		MegaWidget
			Description
			Inheritance
			Components
			Methods
		MenuBar
			Description
			Inheritance
			MenuBar options
			Components
			Methods
		MessageBar
			Description
			Inheritance
			MessageBar options
			Components
			Methods
		MessageDialog
			Description
			Inheritance
			MessageDialog options
			Components
			Methods
		NoteBook
			Description
			Inheritance
			NoteBook options
			Components
			Methods
		NoteBookR
			Description
			Inheritance
			NoteBookR options
			Components
			Methods
		NoteBookS
			Description
			Inheritance
			NoteBookS options
			Components
			Methods
		OptionMenu
			Description
			Inheritance
			OptionMenu options
			Components
			Methods
		PanedWidget
			Description
			Inheritance
			PanedWidget options
			Pane options
			Components
			Methods
		PromptDialog
			Description
			Inheritance
			PromptDialog options
			Components
			Methods
		RadioSelect
			Description
			Inheritance
			RadioSelect options
			Components
			Methods
		ScrolledCanvas
			Description
			Inheritance
			ScrolledCanvas options
			Components
			Methods
		ScrolledField
			Description
			Inheritance
			ScrolledField options
			Components
			Methods
		ScrolledFrame
			Description
			Inheritance
			ScrolledFrame options
			Components
			Methods
		ScrolledListBox
			Description
			Inheritance
			ScrolledListBox options
			Components
			Methods
		ScrolledText
			Description
			Inheritance
			ScrolledText options
			Components
			Methods
		SelectionDialog
			Description
			Inheritance
			SelectionDialog options
			Components
			Methods
		TextDialog
			Description
			Inheritance
			TextDialog options
			Components
			Methods
		TimeCounter
			Description
			Inheritance
			TimeCounter options
			Components
			Methods
	Building and installing Python, Tkinter
		Building for Unix
			Obtaining source distributions
			Building Tcl
			Building Tk
			Building Python
		Building for Windows
			Obtaining source distributions
			Building Tcl
			Building Tk
			Building Python
		Building for MacOS
	Events and keysyms
		Modifiers
		Event types
		Qualifier
		Keysyms
			E.5.1 Latin-1
	Cursors
	References
		Resources
			Siomodule
			SWIG
			NumPy
			Python News Group
			Python Imaging Library (PIL)
			PythonWorks
		Python books
		X Window books
		Tcl/Tk books
		Human factors engineering
	index