Psychocardiology: A practical guide for doctors and psychologists

Preface
	Psychocardiology: Psychosomatics at the Heart of Medicine
	References
Contents
Editors and Authors
	About the Editors
	List of Authors
Abbreviations
1: Main Features of Cardiac Diseases
	1.1 Introduction to the Normal Anatomy and Physiology of the Cardiovascular System
	1.2 Arterial Hypertension
	1.3 Coronary Heart Disease
	1.4 Heart Failure
	1.5 Cardiac Arrhythmias
	1.6 Heart Defects
	Reference
2: Basic Concepts of Psychosomatic Medicine
	2.1 General Definition
	2.2 Psychosomatic Models
	2.3 Salutogenetic Perspective
	2.4 Heart-Mind Interactions
	2.5 Coping with Illness
	Reference
3: Ethical Issues in Psychocardiology
	3.1 Doctor-Patient Relationship
	3.2 End of Life Issues
	3.3 Transplantation
	3.4 Ethics and Economics
	References
4: Psychocardiology Along the Lifespan
	References
5: Psychosomatic Problem Areas and Comorbidities Using the Example of Coronary Heart Disease
	5.1 Personality Factors
		5.1.1 Hostility and Trait Anger
		5.1.2 Type D Pattern
		5.1.3 Diagnostics
		5.1.4 Treatment
	5.2 Risk Behaviour
		5.2.1 Epidemiology
		5.2.2 Relationship with Personality Factors
		5.2.3 Diagnostics
		5.2.4 Treatment
		5.2.5 Recommendations for Basic Psychosomatic Care
	5.3 Socio-economic and Occupational Pressures
		5.3.1 Socio-economic Status
		5.3.2 Chronic Occupational Stress
		5.3.3 Consequences for Practice
	5.4 Partnership and Family
		5.4.1 Partnership and Family as a Resource
		5.4.2 Problems in Partnership and Family
		5.4.3 Consequences for Practice
	5.5 Gender Effects in Psychocardiology
	5.6 Grief and Stress: From Reaction to Disorder
		5.6.1 Epidemiology and Clinical Significance
		5.6.2 Clinical Presentation
		5.6.3 Diagnostics
			Adjustment and Stress Disorders According to ICD-10
		5.6.4 Special Features of the Doctor-Patient Relationship
		5.6.5 Treatment
		5.6.6 The Burden on Family Members (see Sect. 5.4)
	5.7 Depression
		5.7.1 Epidemiology and Clinical Significance
		5.7.2 Clinical Presentation
		5.7.3 Diagnostics
			Forms of Depressive Disorders According to ICD-10
		5.7.4 Special Features of the Doctor-Patient Relationship
		5.7.5 Treatment
	5.8 Anxiety Disorders
		5.8.1 Epidemiology and Clinical Significance
		5.8.2 Clinical Presentation
			Major Anxiety Disorders According to ICD-10a
		5.8.3 Diagnostics
		5.8.4 Special Features of the Doctor-Patient Relationship
		5.8.5 Treatment
	References
6: Other Important Clinical Pictures and Interventions in Cardiology
	6.1 Functional Heart Complaints
		6.1.1 Epidemiology and Clinical Significance
		6.1.2 Clinical Presentation
		6.1.3 Etiology and Pathogenesis
		6.1.4 Diagnostics
		6.1.5 Special Features of the Doctor-Patient Relationship
		6.1.6 Treatment
	6.2 Arterial Hypertension
		6.2.1 Characteristics of Hypertension
		6.2.2 Psychological Factors in the Development and Maintenance of Hypertension
		6.2.3 Special Features of the Doctor-Patient Relationship
		6.2.4 Therapeutic Considerations
	6.3 Cardiac Arrhythmias, Pacemakers, Defibrillators
		6.3.1 Definition, Epidemiology and Aetiology
		6.3.2 Clinical Presentation of Cardiac Arrhythmias
		6.3.3 Psychological Factors
		6.3.4 Special Features of the Doctor-Patient Relationship
		6.3.5 Therapeutic Considerations
	6.4 Cardiac Catheterization, Coronary Interventions, Bypass Surgery
		6.4.1 Preliminary Remarks
		6.4.2 Psychological Symptoms Before, During and After Coronary Interventions
		6.4.3 Psychosocial Predictors of Well-being Before and After Surgery
		6.4.4 Therapy
	6.5 Heart Failure and Heart Transplantation
		6.5.1 Definition, Epidemiology and Aetiology
		6.5.2 Clinical Features: A Psychosomatic Perspective
		6.5.3 Subjective Aspects of Somatic Treatment Options
		6.5.4 Special Features of the Doctor-Patient Relationship
		6.5.5 Psychosomatic Evaluation and Monitoring of Heart Transplant Patients
		6.5.6 Further Therapeutic Considerations
	6.6 Congenital and Acquired Heart Defects
		6.6.1 Definition, Epidemiology and Aetiology
		6.6.2 Clinical Presentation of Heart Defects
		6.6.3 Special Features of the Doctor-Patient Relationship
		6.6.4 Therapeutic Considerations
	References
7: Diagnostics
	7.1 General Patient History
		7.1.1 Recommendations for Cardiological Routine
		7.1.2 Recommendations for the Psychotherapist
	7.2 Screening of Psychosocial Risk Factors and Psychological Symptoms
		7.2.1 Recommendations for Cardiological Routine
		7.2.2 Recommendations for Psychotherapists
	7.3 Interview Procedures to Validate Mental Comorbidity
	7.4 Psychophysiological Diagnostics
		7.4.1 Long-Term Measurements in Everyday Life
		7.4.2 Psychophysiological Laboratory Tests
		7.4.3 Clinical Value
	References
8: Treatment
	8.1 Doctor-Patient Relationship
		8.1.1 The Approach to the Patient
		8.1.2 Models of the Doctor-Patient Relationship
		8.1.3 Patient Expectations
		8.1.4 Patient Cooperation
	8.2 Basic Psychosomatic (Psychocardiological) Care
		8.2.1 Psychosomatic Treatment in Somatic Settings
		8.2.2 Training in Basic Psychosomatic Care
		8.2.3 Practice
		8.2.4 Indications and Limits
	8.3 Psychosomatic Consultation-Liaison Services in Cardiology
		8.3.1 Clarification of Terms
		8.3.2 Need for a Liaison Service in Cardiology Departments
		8.3.3 Aims of Psychosomatic C/L Care
		8.3.4 Tasks of a Psychosomatic Liaison Service in Cardiology
		8.3.5 Benefits of C/L Interventions
		8.3.6 Distinction from the Psychiatric C/L Service
		8.3.7 Difficulties of the Liaison Service in the Cardiology Setting
		8.3.8 Advice for the Cardiological Liaison Psychosomatist
	8.4 Psychocardiology in Rehabilitation
		8.4.1 Fundamentals and Development
		8.4.2 The Multimodal Concept of Cardiac Rehabilitation
			8.4.2.1 The Multimodal Concept Using the Example of the CHD Rehabilitation Therapy Standard
			8.4.2.2 Possibilities and Limits of Psychological Interventions in Cardiological Rehabilitation
			8.4.2.3 Occupational Focus in Cardiological Rehabilitation
				Professional Reintegration after a Cardiac Event
				Tasks of Rehabilitation in Relation to Professional Reintegration
			8.4.2.4 Evidence-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation
		8.4.3 New Psychocardiological Care Concepts in Rehabilitation
			8.4.3.1 Behaviourally Oriented Rehabilitation in Cardiology
			8.4.3.2 Psychocardiological Rehabilitation
			8.4.3.3 Different Rehabilitation Services and their Indications
		8.4.4 Social-Medical Performance Assessment in Rehabilitation
	8.5 Inpatient Psychocardiological Treatment
	8.6 Outpatient Treatment Options
		8.6.1 Basic Psychosomatic Care
		8.6.2 Psychotherapy
		8.6.3 Self-Help Groups
		8.6.4 Health Promotion Offers
		8.6.5 Outpatient Rehabilitation
		8.6.6 Appendix: Outpatient Care Situation in Austria and Switzerland
	8.7 Special Psychotherapeutic Disciplines, Methods and Techniques
		8.7.1 General Conditions and Settings of Psychotherapy
		8.7.2 Basic Disciplines of Psychotherapy and Their Further Developments
			8.7.2.1 Psychodynamic Therapy Approaches and Methods
				Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy
				Psychodynamic Psychotherapy
				The Mentalization Concept or Mentalization-Based Therapy
			8.7.2.2 Behavioural Therapy Approaches and Methods
				Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
				Diagnostics in Behaviour Therapy
				The Beginning: Therapeutic Concepts Based on Learning Theories
				Concepts Based on Cognition and Self-Regulation
				Methods of the ``Third Wave´´ of Behaviour Therapy
				Acceptance and Commitment Therapy(ACT)
				Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy
			8.7.2.3 Systemic Therapy
			8.7.2.4 Other Therapeutic Approaches
		8.7.3 Modifications, Indications and Effectiveness of Psychotherapy for Cardiac Patients
			8.7.3.1 Historical Development
			8.7.3.2 Indication Areas of Psychotherapeutic Treatments in Cardiac Patients
			8.7.3.3 Findings on Psychotherapy for Psychological Comorbidity in Cardiac Patients
			8.7.3.4 Preference-Based, Stepped and Collaborative Treatment Approaches
		8.7.4 Psychotherapy with Cardiac Patients: Theoretical Foundations and Recommendations for Practice
			8.7.4.1 (Cognitive) Behavioural Therapy
			8.7.4.2 Foci of a Psychodynamically Inspired Psychotherapeutic Approach in Cardiac Patients
				Focus I: Adapted Therapeutic Attitude and Basic Therapeutic Components
				Focus II: Diagnostics
				Focus III: Psychological Symptoms as a Consequence of Illness-Related Real Anxiety
				Focus IV: Psychological Symptoms as a Consequence of Narcissistic Crises and Narcissistic Vulnerability
					Excursus: Narcissistic Pathologies
					Patient- and Setting-Oriented Intervention
					Recognition and Appreciation of the Patient´s Life Achievements
					Resource Orientation
	8.8 Behaviour Modification, Stress Management and Relaxation Techniques
		8.8.1 Principles and Effects of Behaviour Modification
		8.8.2 Lifestyle Change Using the Example of Smoking Cessation
		8.8.3 Stress Management
		8.8.4 Relaxation Techniques
	References
9: Psychocardiological Training and Continuing Education Curricula
	9.1 The Austrian Psychocardiology Curriculum
		9.1.1 Development
		9.1.2 Objectives
		9.1.3 Presentation of the Curriculum
			9.1.3.1 Duration
			9.1.3.2 Scope
			9.1.3.3 Speakers
			9.1.3.4 Certification
			9.1.3.5 Training Content
				General Part
				Special Part
			9.1.3.6 Effectiveness of the Curriculum
	9.2 Advanced Training Courses in Basic Psychocardiological Care in Germany
		9.2.1 Development and Objectives
		9.2.2 Brief Description of the Courses Offered
	References
Address List
Index