Project Engineering Primer for Chemical Engineers

Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
About the Author
List of Figures
List of Tables
1 Introduction
	1.1 Preamble
	1.2 Engineering, Science and Chemical Engineering
	1.3 Project and Project Engineering
		1.3.1 Characteristics of a Project
	1.4 Different Parties Involved in a Chemical Engineering Project
	1.5 Categories and Phases of a Chemical Engineering Project
	1.6 Life Cycle of a Chemical Engineering Project
		1.6.1 Pre-project Work
		1.6.2 Starting the Project
		1.6.3 Starting and Carrying Out Engineering Work
	1.7 Project Engineering and Process Engineering
	1.8 Duties and Responsibilities of Project Engineer—Various Perspectives
	1.9 Engineering and Environmental Ethics in Project Engineering
	1.10 Risk and Reliability Analysis
	References
2 Pre-project Work
	2.1 Preamble
	2.2 Feasibility Study—A Brief Overview
	2.3 Preparation of Bid Documents—A Guideline
	2.4 Codes and Standards
	2.5 Site Selection
		2.5.1 Availability of Raw Materials
		2.5.2 Location Concerning the Market
		2.5.3 Transportation Facilities
		2.5.4 Availability of Workforce and Labours
		2.5.5 Availability of Utilities—Water, Fuel and Power
		2.5.6 Climatic Conditions
		2.5.7 Environmental Impacts Including Waste Disposal Facilities
		2.5.8 Site Characteristics Concerning Potential Hazards
		2.5.9 Taxation and Legal Aspects
		2.5.10 The Political Situation and Local Community Consideration
	2.6 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
	2.7 Optimization in Design
		2.7.1 Trade-Offs
		2.7.2 Objective Function and Constraints
		2.7.3 Degree of Freedom
		2.7.4 Mathematical Programming Techniques for Optimization
		2.7.5 Optimization of a Single-Variable Problem-Problem Statement
		2.7.6 Application of Optimization in Process Design
	2.8 Scaling Up and Scaling Down
		2.8.1 Scaling Factors
	2.9 Safety and Hazard Issues
		2.9.1 Toxicity
		2.9.2 Flammability, Fire and Explosion
		2.9.3 Ionizing Radiation
		2.9.4 High Pressure and Vacuum
		2.9.5 Temperature Deviation
		2.9.6 Noise
	References
3 Basic Engineering
	3.1 Preamble
	3.2 Process Drawings
		3.2.1 Block Flow Diagram (BFD)
		3.2.2 Process Flow Diagram (PFD)
		3.2.3 Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID)
		3.2.4 Plot Plans or Layouts
	3.3 Design and Selection of Equipment
	3.4 Safety, Hazard and Environmental Considerations in Design
	3.5 HAZOP Analysis
	References
4 Detailed Engineering
	4.1 Preamble
	4.2 Drawing and Documents for a Project
	4.3 Specification or Data Sheets for Equipment
		4.3.1 Specification for an Atmospheric Storage Tank
		4.3.2 Specification for a Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger
		4.3.3 Specification for a Centrifugal Pump
	4.4 Worked Out Examples on Pump Heads
		4.4.1 Pressure Drop Calculation Sheet for Pumps
	4.5 Specification of the Instruments and Control Valves
	4.6 Line and Valve List or Schedule
	4.7 Equipment List
	4.8 Engineering Change Notice
	4.9 Evaluation of Quotations from Vendors—Procurement Assistance
	4.10 Plant Commissioning and Start-up
	4.11 Operation and Maintenance Manual
	References
5 Financial Aspects of Project Engineering
	5.1 Preamble
	5.2 Cash Flow
		5.2.1 Capital Investment
		5.2.2 ISBL Plant Cost
		5.2.3 Offsite Cost or OSBL Investment
		5.2.4 Depreciation Charges and Other Investment Incentives
	5.3 Estimation of Capital Investment
		5.3.1 Cost Indexes
		5.3.2 Cost Components of Capital Investment
		5.3.3 Estimation of Purchased Equipment Cost
		5.3.4 Methods of Estimating Capital Investment
	5.4 Methods for Calculation of Depreciation Charges
	5.5 Economic Analysis and Profitability Study
		5.5.1 Methods for Calculating Profitability
	5.6 Alternative Investments
	5.7 Replacement
	5.8 Worked Out Examples
	References
6 Management Aspects of Project Engineering
	6.1 Preamble
	6.2 Project Planning
	6.3 Project Scheduling
	6.4 Project Scheduling and Progress Control
		6.4.1 Bar Chart
		6.4.2 Gantt Chart
		6.4.3 Network Analysis
	6.5 Project Crashing and Cost-Time Trade-Off
	6.6 Risk Management
	References
Appendix A Case Study—Developing PFD and P&ID
A.1 Preamble
A.2 Example-I
A.2.1 Preliminary Process Flow Diagram (PFD)
A.2.2 Preliminary Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID)
A.3 Example–II
A.3.1 Preliminary Process Flow Diagram (PFD)
A.3.2 Preliminary Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID)
Annexure I  Multiple Choice Questions with Answers
Annexure II  Project Engineering and Similar Courses—Syllabi (Collected from Open Sourced Websites of the Respective Institutions)
Index