Progress in Structural Mechanics (Advanced Structured Materials, 199)

Preface
	References
Contents
List of Contributors
Chapter 1 Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Elastic Three-layer Plate Under Static and Low Velocity Impact Loading
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 Description of Measurement System
	1.3 Method and Results of Measurements Using Dial Gauges
	1.4 Method and Results of Measurements Using Strain Gauges
	1.5 Sensor Calibration Method and Numerical Analysis
	1.6 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 2 Reviewing Yield Criteria in Plasticity Theory
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Invariants of Stress Tensor
		2.2.1 Axiatoric-Deviatoric Invariants
		2.2.2 Normalized Functions of Invariants
		2.2.3 Dimensionless Invariants
	2.3 Formulation of and Assumptions in Yield Criteria
		2.3.1 Formulation of Yield Criteria
		2.3.2 Plausibility Assumptions
	2.4 Designation and Comparison of Yield Criteria
		2.4.1 Nomenclature of Yield Criteria
		2.4.2 Shapes of Yield Criteria in π-plane
		2.4.3 Geometric Properties and Basic Experiments
		2.4.4 Values for Comparison
	2.5 Five Derivation Paths
		2.5.1 Criteria in Shear Stress Space
		2.5.2 Criteria as Power Functions
		2.5.3 ⃝-Criteria
		2.5.4 Polynomial Criteria
		2.5.5 Criteria with Trigonometric Identity
	2.6 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 3 Minimum Test Effort-Based Derivation of Constant-Fatigue-Life Curves - Displayed for the Brittle UD Composite Materials
	3.1 Introduction
		3.1.1 Fatigue Design Verification (DV) Task with Terms
		3.1.2 Fatigue Micro-Damage Drivers of Ductile and Brittle behaving Materials
		3.1.3 Short State-of-the-Art Regarding Cyclic Strength of UD-Laminates
		3.1.4 Constant Amplitude Loading and Variable Amplitude Loading
		3.1.5 SN-curve, Load Spectrum and Fatigue-Driving Equivalent Stress
		3.1.6 Proportional and Non-Proportional Loading and Mean Stress Sensitivity
	3.2 Modeling of SN-Curves in the Three Fatigue Domains and Choice
		3.2.1 Modeling of SN-Curves
		3.2.2 Relation of the Material Stressing Effort E f f with the Micro-damage D
		3.2.3 Statistical Properties in Design Verification (DV)
	3.3 Failure-Mode-Concept (FMC) and Static Strength Failure Criteria (SFC)
		3.3.1 Features of the Author’s Failure-Mode-Concept
		3.3.2 ‘Global’ and ‘Modal’ SFCs
		3.3.3 FMC-Based Failure Modes, SFCs and SFC-Visualization
		3.3.4 Application of Static UD-SFCs to Determine Cyclic Micro-Damage Portions
	3.4 FMC-Based Constant-Fatigue-Life Estimation Model for UD-Ply–Composed Laminates
		3.4.1 Idea of an Automatic Establishment of Constant Fatigue Life Curves
		3.4.2 SN Curves, Derived with Kawai’s “Modified Fatigue Strength Ratio Ψȷ
		3.4.3 Derivation of Constant Fatigue Life Curves in the Transition Domain
	3.5 Complete CFL-Curve Model Using the Decay Functions fd in the Haigh-Diagram
		3.5.1 Derivation of the Full Procedure
		3.5.2 CFL Curves, Applying the Mode Decay Functions fd in Various UD Haigh-Diagrams
		3.5.3 Steps of the FMC-based Fatigue Life Estimation Procedure
	3.6 Conclusions on the Elaborated Novel Ideas
	References
Chapter 4 Experimental Evaluation and Phase-Field Model of Fracture Behavior of Alumina-Aluminium Graded Composite
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Experiment
		4.2.1 Material Preparation
		4.2.2 Fracture Tests
	4.3 Phase-Field Modeling
		4.3.1 Formulation
		4.3.2 Sensitivity Analysis
		4.3.3 Modeling Experiments
		4.3.4 Effect of Stacking Sequence
		4.3.5 Crack Branching
	4.4 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Chapter 5 On the Potential of Machine Learning Assisted Tomography for Rapid Assessment of FRP Materials with Defects
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Strategy for Defect Assessment
		5.2.1 Nondestructive Investigation
		5.2.2 Image Preprocessing
		5.2.3 Integrity Criterion
		5.2.4 Assessment Using a Deep Artificial Neural Network
	5.3 Reference Material
	5.4 Artificial Neural Network Training Data Base
	5.5 Example
		5.5.1 Experimental investigation
		5.5.2 Integrity Assessment and Discussion
	5.6 Conclusions
	References
Chapter 6 On the Semi-Analytical Modelling of the Free-Edge Stress Field in Cross-Ply Laminated Shells Under Mechanical Loads
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Structural Situation
	6.3 Theoretical Formulation
		6.3.1 Closed-Form Analytical Solutions
		6.3.2 Layerwise Approach
		6.3.3 Semi-Analytical Solution
	6.4 Results and Discussion
		6.4.1 Verification of Accuracy for Cross-Ply Laminated Shells Undergoing Uniform Edge Loads
		6.4.2 Verification of accuracy for cross-ply laminated shells undergoing sinusoidal outer perssure
	6.5 Concluding Remarks
	Appendix A
		A.1 Stress Function Approaches
		A.2 Global Interpolation Vector
		A.3 Abbreviations
		A.4 Coefficient Matrices
	References
Chapter 7 Experimental Quantification of Barrier Effects for Microstructural Short Fatigue Crack Propagation in Martensitic Steel
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 Material
	7.3 Experiments and Methods
	7.4 Results and Discussion
	7.5 Summary and Conclusion
	References
Chapter 8 On the Difficulty to Implement the Coupled Criterion to Predict Failure in Tempered Glass
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 Annealed Glass Specimen Under Bending
	8.3 Tempered Glass Specimen Under Bending
	8.4 The Hypothetical Case of a Critical Defect in the Bulk of a Thermally Tempered Glass Specimen Under Tension
	8.5 Comparison with a Bending Test on Notched Zirconia Specimens
	8.6 Discussion and Conclusions
	References
Chapter 9 Extended Reduced Bending Stiffness Method for Shear Deformable Laminated Plates
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Basic Equations of Third-Order Shear Deformation Theory (TSDT)
	9.3 Reduced Bending Stiffness Method
	9.4 Navier Solution
	9.5 Results and Discussion
		9.5.1 Antisymmetric Cross-Ply Plates
		9.5.2 Antisymmetric Angle-Ply Plates
	9.6 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 10 How Mechanically Inspired Design Rules Help in the Topology Optimization of Structures with Highly Nonlinear Behavior
	10.1 Introduction
	10.2 Principal Design Rules for Lightweight Design
	10.3 Special Features in the Development of Crash Structures
	10.4 Design Rules for Crash Structures and Their Algorithms for use in the Automatic Structure Optimization Process
		10.4.1 Principle Approach
		10.4.2 Basic heuristics
		10.4.3 Special Heuristics for Laterally Loaded Profiles
		10.4.4 Special Heuristics when Using Composite Material in Laterally Loaded Profiles
		10.4.5 Special Heuristics for Axially Loaded Profiles
		10.4.6 Special Heuristics for Frame Structures in the Three-Dimensional Space
	10.5 The Procedure of the Graph and Heuristic Based Topology Optimization (GHT)
		10.5.1 Basic Idea of the Method
		10.5.2 Essential Modules of the Fully Automatic Process
	10.6 Collection of Published Application Examples
		10.6.1 Metal Profile Structure with a Lateral Load Case
		10.6.2 Composite Multi-Chamber Profile Structure with Lateral Load Cases
		10.6.3 Profile Structure with Axial Load Cases
		10.6.4 Three-Dimensional Frame Structure
	10.7 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 11 Phase Field Modeling of Cracks in Ice
	11.1 Introduction
	11.2 Theory
		11.2.1 Non-Linear Strain Theory for Viscoelastic Material
		11.2.2 The Phase Field Model of Fracture
		11.2.3 Numerics
		11.2.4 Scenarios, Setup and Spin-ups
	11.3 Results
		11.3.1 Crack Evolution and Strain for Ice Rises Within the Ice Shelf
		11.3.2 Crack Evolution and Strain for Floating Tongue
	11.4 Released Energy Estimate Based on Observations
	11.5 Discussion
	11.6 Conclusions and Future Direction
	References