Proceedings of Trends in Electronics and Health Informatics: TEHI 2021 (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 376)

Organization
Preface
Contents
Editors and Contributors
Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing
A Heuristic Approach for Analyzing Some Reading Behaviors of Online News Viewers Using RF and KNN
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Sample Collection and Data Preprocessing
		3.2 Random Forest Algorithm
		3.3 K-nearest Neighbor
	4 Experiment with Models
	5 Results and Observations
	6 Future Research Directions and Conclusion
	References
Automatic Image Classification and Abnormality Identification Using Machine Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Background Study
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Phase 1: Preprocessing
		3.2 Phase 2: Feature Extraction
		3.3 Phase 3: Classification
	4 Result Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Review of Speech Sentiment Analysis Using Machine Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Recent Works on Speech Sentiment Analysis
	3 Results
	4 Research Gap
	5 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
Performance Evaluation of Enhancement Algorithm for Contrast Distorted Images
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Proposed Method
		3.1 Channel Stretching
		3.2 Multiscale Decomposition
		3.3 Estimation of Scale Parameter
	4 Performance Evaluation
	5 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
MHGSO: A Modified Hunger Game Search Optimizer Using Opposition-Based Learning for Feature Selection
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Modified Hunger Games Search Using OBL
		2.1 Proposed MHGSO
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Evaluation Criterions
		3.2 Simulation Results
	4 Comparative Study with Some Techniques from Literature
	5 Conclusion
	References
Analysis of Hyperspectral Image Denoising Using Deep Neural Network (DNN) Models
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Convolutional Neural Network for HSI Denoising
		1.2 Total Variation and Block Matching
		1.3 Deep Learning Methods
		1.4 Spectral Characteristics
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Total Variation and Deep Learning-Based Approaches
		2.2 Denoising Algorithms Using CNN
	3 Research Analysis and Researchgap Identification
	4 HSI Denoising Performance Parameters
		4.1 The Mean Square Error
		4.2 Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR)
		4.3 Structural Similarity Index Matrix (SSIM)
		4.4 Root Mean Square Error (RMSE)
		4.5 Feature Similarity (FSIM and FSIMc)
		4.6 The Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Significance of Source Information in Hypernasality Detection
	1 Introduction
	2 Excitation Source Analysis in Hypernasal Speech
	3 Excitation Source-based Cue for Hypernasality
		3.1 Peak to Side-lobe Ratio
	4 Experiments
		4.1 Database
		4.2 Peak to Side-lobe Ratio Analysis in Hypernasal Speech
		4.3 Classification Between Normal and Hypernasal Speech
	5 Summary and Future Scope
	References
Estimation in Agile Software Development Using Artificial Intelligence
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Planning Phase
		2.2 Research Issues
	3 Conducting Phase
		3.1 Search Strategy
		3.2 Criteria for Inclusion and Exclusion
	4 Cost Estimation Method
	5 Results and Discussions
		5.1 Answers to the Research Questions
	6 Conclusion
	References
Human Fall Detection Analysis with Image Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Network Approach
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Deep Learning Based Fall Detection
		1.2 Human Fall Detection
	2 Related Work
	3 Methodology of Human Fall Detection
		3.1 Detection of Human and Activities
		3.2 Convolutional Neural Network Approach
	4 Implementation of Human Fall Detection Analysis and Identification
	5 Results and Discussion
		5.1 Datasets
		5.2 Experimental Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
A Method for Detecting Epileptic Seizure in Pediatrics Patients Based on EEG Signals
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Material and Methods
		3.1 Dataset Details
		3.2 Methods
		3.3 Proposed Methodology
	4 Results
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Detection of Brain Tumors in MRI Images Through Deep Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Collection of MR Images
	4 Implementation
	5 Review of Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Healthcare Informatics
Machine Learning Algorithm for Detecting Lung Cancer: A Review
	1 Introduction
	2 Algorithms of Machine Learning
	3 Review of Literature
	4 Comparison of CT Scan and X-Rays in Lung Detection
		4.1 X-Ray
		4.2 CT Scan
	5 Discussion and Analysis
	6 Conclusion
	References
Toward Machine Learning-Based Psychological Assessment of Autism Spectrum Disorders in School and Community
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology
	4 Experimental Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Design of an Intelligent Diabetes Prediction Model in Big Data Environment
	1 Introduction
	2 Big Data in Diabetes Prediction
		2.1 Review on Feature Selection and Machine Learning Algorithms
		2.2 Previous Works on Diabetes Prediction
	3 Design of Diabetes Prediction Model
		3.1 Feature Selection and Classification
		3.2 MapReduce Implementation
	4 Experimental Results
		4.1 Confusion Matrix
	5 Conclusion
	References
Secure Data Sharing of Electronic Health Record (EHR) on the Cloud Using Blockchain in Covid-19 Scenario
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Proposed Solution
	4 Conclusion
	References
A Study Towards Recent Trends, Issues and Research Challenges of Intelligent IoT Healthcare Techniques: IoMT and CIoMT
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Research Objective
	4 Proposed Architecture of IoMT (Internet of Medical Things)
	5 CIoMT (Cognitive Internet of Medical Things)
	6 Proposed Services of IoMT
	7 Research Limitations
	8 Conclusion
	References
Digitalization of Healthcare System in India—A Perspective and PESTLE Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 Digitalization of Healthcare System: A Background
	3 Methodology
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
A De-Speckling Framework for Optical Coherence Tomography Images
	1 Introduction
	2 Speckle Noise Modeling
	3 Proposed Framework
		3.1 SRAD Filter
		3.2 Curvelet Transform
		3.3 Huber Variant of TV Regularization
	4 Material
		4.1 Image Database
		4.2 Quality Matrices
	5 Result
	6 Conclusion
	References
Rotational Opponent Motion Detection Impact in Biological Motion Perception
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	References
Radiation Pressure in Opal-Based Microcavities
	1 Introduction
	2 Reflectance and Transmittance Spectra
	3 Force on the Crystal
	References
An Implementational-Level Model of the Human Dorsal Pathway for Biological Motion Perception of High Complexity
	1 Introduction
	2 Model
	3 Methods
	4 Results
	5 Discussion
	References
All Basics that Are Wrong with the Current Concept of Time Crystal: Learning from the Polyatomic Time Crystals of Protein, microtubule, and Neuron
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Conceptual Foundation for the Temporal Configuration Space
	2 Experimental Realization of the New Paradigm of Time Crystal
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Wide Ranges of Resonant Frequencies of Proteins and SHG Technique
	4 Conclusion: Challenging the Exiting Paradigm of the Time Crystal
	5 Competing Interests
	References
Meta-Analysis of fMRI for Emotional and Cognitive States Shows Hierarchical Invariant Optimization in Brain
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Software Tools and Online Brain Databases Used for Meta-Analysis
		1.2 Our Background Studies in Neuroscience and Mathematics
	2 Experiment on Human Subject and Invariant Calculation Methods
		2.1 EEG Measurements to Compare with the fMRI Hierarchical Network
		2.2 What is Invariant? How Do We Detect It Here?
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions and Mathematical Model for Cognitive Engineering
	5 Contributions
	6 Competing Interests Statement
	References
IoT and Data Analytics
A Framework of an Obstacle Avoidance Robot for the Visually Impaired People
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Research
	3 Overview of Our Proposed Framework
		3.1 Object Detection Phase
		3.2 Object Avoidance Phase
	4 Implementation and Result Analysis
	5 Conclusion and Future Works
	References
Surface Electromyogram (S-EMG) Spectrogram Analysis of Human Arm Activity Towards Interpretability and Classification
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Participant
		2.2 EMG Signal Data Acquisition
		2.3 Noise Elimination
		2.4 Processing of S-EMG Signal
	3 Experiment
		3.1 Envelop Detection and Analysis of S-EMG Signal
		3.2 Spectrogram Analysis of S-EMG Signal
	4 Result and Discussion
		4.1 Extension of Forearm
	5 Conclusion
	References
An Atypical Approach Toward PTSD Diagnosis Through Speech-Based Emotion Modeling Using CNN-LSTM
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Proposed Work
		3.1 Database Used
		3.2 Tool Used
		3.3 Feature Extraction
		3.4 Convolutional Neural Network
		3.5 Convolutional Neural Network and Long Short-Term Memory
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Comparison with Other Traditional Classifiers
	5 Conclusion
	References
Effective Independent Component Analysis Algorithm (EICA) for Blind Source Separation of Mixed Images for Biomedical Applications
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Pre-processing Before ICA Estimation
		1.2 Mathematical Modeling
		1.3 Independency of Latent Variable Needed to Be Estimated with the Following Steps Mathematically
		1.4 Uncorrelated Variables Are Only Partly Independent
	2 ICA Basic Approximation/Estimation Principal
		2.1 Measures of Non-Gaussianity
		2.2 Algorithm Proposal
	3 Algorithm Proposal for ICA Extraction (EICA)
		3.1 Final Algorithm/Iteration that Has Been Obtained is as Follows
	4 Simulation Steps
		4.1 Sample Wise Simulation in MATLAB
		4.2 Result Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
GSR Signals Features Extraction for Emotion Recognition
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Background of GSR Signals
	2 GSR Signal Processing
		2.1 GSR Feature Extraction
		2.2 Performance of Emotion Recognition Using Different GSR Signals Feature Extraction Methods
	3 Conclusion and Recommendation
	References
Development of Mobile Application for Detection and Grading of Diabetic Retinopathy
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Image Classification
		2.2 Mobile Application
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Toward Deep Learning-Based Automated Speed and Line Change Detection System in Perspective of Bangladesh
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Proposed System Model
		3.1 rf-CNN Model
		3.2 Identify Image from CCTV Footage
		3.3 Image Preprocessing
		3.4 Identifying Vehicle Type
		3.5 Measuring Speed of Vehicles
		3.6 Detecting Line Change
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Dataset
		4.2 Speed Detection
		4.3 Line Change Detection
	5 Conclusion
	References
Automated Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) Detection Using Microscopic Images: An Efficient CAD Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Dataset
		3.2 Preprocessing
		3.3 Augmentation
		3.4 CNN Model
	4 Result
		4.1 K-fold Cross-Validation
		4.2 Performance Metrics
		4.3 Comparison of Proposed Model
	5 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Zero-Contact Novel Corona Virus (Sars-Cov-2) Patient Monitoring and Management System Using IoT
	1 Introduction
	2 Features of the Proposed System
	3 Material and Methods
	4 PCB Implementation and Circuit
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusions
	References
Distributed and Hierarchical Clustering Techniques Comparison in Wireless Camera Sensor Networks
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Traffic Patterns in WSNs/WCSNs
		1.2 Some of the Key Points to Address in Designing a Wireless Sensor Network (Camera/Non-camera-Based)
		1.3 Clustering
		1.4 Performance of Clustering Protocols Is Captured on Following Parameters
		1.5 Types of Clustering Methodologies
	2 Conclusion
	References
Electronics
Comparative Study of Different Material Tri-Gate MOSFET with Dielectric Material
	1 Introduction
	2 MOSFET Basics
	3 Basics of Tri Gate Structures
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Performance Characterization of Double Material Gate-All-Around Nanowire MOSFET
	1 Introduction
	2 MOSFET and Its Applications
		2.1 Classification of MOSFET Devices
		2.2 Depletion Mode
		2.3 Enhancement Mode
	3 SOI Technology
	4 Short Channel Effects (SCEs)
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
A Comparative Analysis of Different Types of Mixer Architecture for Modern RF Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 RF Mixer Basics and Different Architecture
	3 Comparative Evaluation of Different Architecture
	4 Conclusion
	References
Recursive IDMA Receiver with Unequal Power Allocation Scheme for Beyond 5G Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Recursive SIC-IDMA Principles
		2.1 Recursive SIC Structure
		2.2 IDMA Structure
	3 Simulation Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Low-Power Front End for Continuous-Wave Doppler Harmonic Ultrasonography System
	1 Introduction
	2 Existing Front Ends of Harmonic USG System
		2.1 PPAM (Pulse-to-Pulse Amplitude Modulation) Method [6]
		2.2 Pulse Inversion (PI) Method [7, 8]
		2.3 Using Analog Filtering
	3 Proposed System and Simulation Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
MonoLayer Graphene-Based Plasmonic Biosensor for Urine Glucose Detection
	1 Introduction
	2 Design Methodology
	3 Mathematical Modeling of Proposed SPR Biosensor
	4 Numerical Analysis and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Modeling and Simulation Based Investigation of SiGe Heterojunction Dopingless Vertical TFET for Lower Power Biomedical Application
	1 Introduction
	2 Device Architectures and Simulation Methodology
	3 Modeling Analysis and Its Findings
	4 Result Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Complete Analysis: From Model to Device Level of Tunnel Field Effect Transistors
	1 Introduction
	2 Quantum Mechanical Tunneling
	3 Tunneling Models
		3.1 Local Tunneling Models
		3.2 Nonlocal Tunneling Models
	4 Device Structures
		4.1 Operation of TFETs
	5 Classification of TFETs on the Basis of Device Structures
		5.1 Double Gate TFETs
		5.2 Carbon Nanotube (CNT) TFETs
		5.3 Graphene TFET
		5.4 Silicon Nanowire Vertical TFET
	6 Conclusion
	References
Charge Pump-Phase Frequency Detector based Phase-Locked Loop for Modern Wireless Communication—A Review
	1 Introduction
	2 Early Developments of PLL
	3 Conventional PFD
	4 Design Challenges in PFD-CP
	5 Review of Available PFD-CP Architectures
	6 Conclusion
	References
Communication
Compact Printed Multiband Fractal Antenna for C, X and Ku Band Applications: Design and Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Antenna Geometry
	4 Parametric Analysis
		4.1 Radiation Pattern
		4.2 VSWR
		4.3 Gain
		4.4 Bandwidth
		4.5 Directivity
		4.6 Return Loss
		4.7 Beamwidth
	5 Simulated Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Enhancing Security with In-Depth Analysis of Brute-Force Attack on Secure Hashing Algorithms
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Methods
		2.1 Hashing: The One-Way Encryption
		2.2 Digital Signatures
		2.3 Brute-Force Attack
		2.4 Secure Hashing Algorithms (SHA)
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
Integration of Back-Propagation Neural Network to Classify of Cybercriminal Entities in Blockchain
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Conceptual Overview
		3.1 Cryptocurrencies
		3.2 Anonymity
		3.3 Entity Categorization
	4 Data Preparation
		4.1 Raw Dataset
		4.2 Data Preprocessing
		4.3 Data Cleaning
		4.4 Selection of Features
	5 Methodology
		5.1 Balancing of Classes/Entities
		5.2 Training and Testing of Model
	6 Result
	7 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
On the Development of Planar Antenna for Wireless Communication Systems
	1 Introduction
	2 Antenna Design
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Effect of Location of Patch
		3.2 Effect of Variation in Patch Length
		3.3 Effect of Variation in Patch Width
		3.4 Radiation Patterns
		3.5 Gain
		3.6 Current Distribution
	4 Conclusion
	References
Energy Efficient Clustering and Optimal Multipath Routing Using Hybrid Metaheuristic Protocol in Wireless Sensor Network
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Energy Model
		3.1 Cluster Head (CH) Selection
	4 Proposed HC-HGAPSO Algorithm
		4.1 Genetic Algorithm Techniques Used in AODV for Local Optimal Path Selection
		4.2 Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Algorithm Techniques for Global Best Path Selection
	5 Experimental Performance Evaluation and Results Discussion
		5.1 Throughput
		5.2 Residual Energy
		5.3 Network Lifetime
	6 Conclusion
	References
A Comparative Analysis on Blockchain Technology Considering Security Breeches
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Research Analysis
	4 Comparison Between Different Methods
	5 Conclusion
	References
Compact Tapered Shape Wide Slot UWB Antenna with 5. 6 GHz Band-Notched Characteristics
	1 Introduction
	2 Antenna Design
	3 Parametric Study
	4 Result and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Isolation Enhancement Using PRSR Technique for Wireless Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Antenna Design Methodology
		2.1 Single Input Single Output Antenna Design
		2.2 Array Antenna (Concept of MIMO)
		2.3 Parallel Rectangular Strip Resonator (PRSR)
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Surface Current
		3.2 Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC)
		3.3 Diversity Gain (DG)
	4 Conclusion
	References
Review on a Full-Duplex Cognitive Radio Network Based on Energy Harvesting
	1 Introduction
		1.1 New Spectrum Exploration
		1.2 Dynamic Spectrum Usage
		1.3 Higher Energy Efficiency
	2 RF Energy Harvesting
	3 Half-Duplex Cognitive Radio Network with Energy Harvesting
	4 Full-Duplex Cognitive Radio Network in Energy Harvesting
	5 Related Work
	6 Conclusion
	References
Performance Analysis and Power Allocation with Joint Sharing in Hybrid Multicarrier-Based Cognitive Radio Network
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed System Model for Hybrid Multicarrier-Based CR System
	3 Expression for Ergodic Capacity and Power Allocation
	4 Simulation Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Lightweight Cryptographic Scheme to Secure WSNs in Agriculture
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology
	4 Result Analysis and Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
ASER Performance Analysis of Decision Threshold-Based Hybrid FSO-RF Turbulent Link
	1 Introduction
	2 System and Channel Models
		2.1 FSO Subsystem Model
		2.2 Combination of Irradiance, Misalignment Aperture Error/Pointing Error, and Atmospheric Loss in FSO Subsystem
		2.3 RF Subsystem
	3 Performance Analysis
		3.1 Outage Probability
		3.2 Average Symbol Error Rate (ASER)
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
The V-Band SIW Slot Antenna for Millimeter Wave Application
	1 Introduction
	2 Design of Proposed V-Band SIW Slot Antenna
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Reflection Coefficient of V-Band SIW Slot Antenna
		3.2 Directivity of V-Band SIW Slot Antenna
		3.3 Radiation Pattern of V-Band SIW Slot Antenna
	4 Conclusion
	References
Performance Analysis of MC-CDMA-Based Cognitive Radio Network Under Rayleigh Fading Channel
	1 Introduction
	2 System and Channel Model
	3 Problem Formulation
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Systems Performance Metric
		4.2 Comparison with the Previous Research
	5 Conclusion
	References
Correction to: Proceedings of Trends in Electronics and Health Informatics
	Correction to:  M. S. Kaiser et al. (eds.), Proceedings of Trends in Electronics and Health Informatics, Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems 376, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8826-3
Author Index