Proceedings of Third International Conference in Mechanical and Energy Technology : ICMET 2023, India

Preface
Contents
About the Editors
1 Performance Analysis of Multiple Leaf Disease Detection in Plants Using CNN Model
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 Related Work
	1.3 Proposed Work
		1.3.1 Disease Detection Model
		1.3.2 Data Collection and Preprocessing:
	1.4 Testing Data
		1.4.1 Data Preparation
		1.4.2 Max-Pooling Layers in CNN
		1.4.3 Classification
		1.4.4 Web Application Development
		1.4.5 Android Development
	1.5 Testing Module
	1.6 Results & Discussion
	1.7 Conclusion
	References
2 Feasibility Assessment of 100 kW Solar Power Plant in a Sub-tropical Region: A Case Study of New Delhi India
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 System Configuration
	2.3 Techno-Economic Analysis Procedure
	2.4 Result and Discussion
	2.5 Conclusion
	References
3 A Numerical Investigation on Estimation and Validation of Power Law Constants for TiB2 Reinforced AA2024 Composite Material
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Determination of Power Law Constants for FEA Analysis
	3.3 Modeling and Simulation of AA2024/6wt%TiB2 Tensile Behavior
	3.4 Result and Discussion
		3.4.1 Plastic Flow Behavior of AA2024/6wt.%TiB2 Composite Material Composition
		3.4.2 Validation of Power Law Constants
	3.5 Conclusion
	References
4 Power Flow Control of the Grid-Integrated DG System Using Hybrid Aquila Optimizer‑Tangent Search Algorithm
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Hybrid DG System
		4.2.1 Current Control Strategy
	4.3 Hybrid Aquila Optimizer‑tangent Search Algorithm
	4.4 Simulation Results
		4.4.1 Scenario 1: Uneven Grid Voltages with an Equal Three Phase Load
		4.4.2 Scenario 2: Equal Grid Voltages with an Uneven Load
	4.5 Conclusion
	References
5 Design and Analysis of Manual Pallet Stacker by Using FEM Method
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Modeling and Simulation
		5.2.1 Boundary Requirements
	5.3 Result and Discussion
	5.4 Conclusions
	5.5 Future Scope
	References
6 Design and Development of an IoT Counter Using ESP8266 for 6 Axis MIG Welding Robot
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Methodology
	6.3 Result
	References
7 In-Depth Examination of the Mechanical Properties of AA6061/MoS2/SiC Hybrid Composites
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 Material and Methods
		7.2.1 Aluminium 6061
		7.2.2 Silicon Carbide (SiC)
		7.2.3 Molybdenum Disulphide (MoS2)
	7.3 Sample Preparation
	7.4 Results and Discussion
		7.4.1 Microstructural Analysis
		7.4.2 Tensile Test
		7.4.3 Hardness Test
		7.4.4 Impact Test
	7.5 Conclusion
	References
8 Optimization of Microchannel Heat Sink Shapes to Enhancing Electronic Cooling Efficiency
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 Methodology
		8.2.1 CAD Model
		8.2.2 Material Selection
		8.2.3 Meshing
	8.3 Result and Discussion
		8.3.1 Thermal Analysis
	8.4 Conclusions
	References
9 Empowering Next-Generation Energy Infrastructure Through IoT for Climate Resilience
	9.1 Introduction
		9.1.1 Objective of Study
	9.2 Literature Review
		9.2.1 Key Components of an Internet of Energy (IoE) for IoT in Energy
		9.2.2 The “Internet of Things”
	9.3 Methodology
		9.3.1 Sensor Technology
		9.3.2 Actuators
		9.3.3 Technologies for Communication
		9.3.4 Data from IoT and Computing
	9.4 Results and Discussion
		9.4.1 Energy Generation and IoT
		9.4.2 City Smarts
	9.5 Conclusion
	References
10 Safeguarding Cryptocurrency Transactions: Leveraging Blockchain and Machine Learning for Enhanced Financial Security
	10.1 Introduction
		10.1.1 Objective of Study
	10.2 Literature Review
		10.2.1 A Few Fundamentals of Blockchains
		10.2.2 Machine Learning
	10.3 Methodology
		10.3.1 Framework of the Study
		10.3.2 Dataset
		10.3.3 K-Mean Clustering Technique
		10.3.4 The Methods of Machine Learning that Were Examined
		10.3.5 Evaluation Technique
	10.4 Results and Discussion
	10.5 Conclusion
	References
11 Utilizing Machine Learning for Advanced Natural Language Processing and Sentiment Analysis in Social Media Platforms
	11.1 Introduction
		11.1.1 Machine Learning for Sentiment Analysis
		11.1.2 Machine Learning for Natural Language Processing (NLP)
		11.1.3 Research Objectives
	11.2 Literature Review
		11.2.1 Advances in Machine Learning for Analyzing Sentiments
		11.2.2 Advances in Machine Learning for NLP
	11.3 Methodology
		11.3.1 Proposed Approach
		11.3.2 Supervised Machine Learning Methods for NLP and Sentiment Analysis
		11.3.3 Unsupervised Machine Learning Methods for NLP and Sentiment Analysis
	11.4 Results and Discussion
		11.4.1 Performance Evaluation
		11.4.2 Analyses of Various Classifiers
	11.5 Conclusion
	References
12 Improving Image Clarity with Artificial Intelligence-Powered Super-Resolution Methods
	12.1 Introduction
		12.1.1 Beginning to Super-Resolution Techniques Based on Artificial Intelligence
		12.1.2 Contributions and Significance
		12.1.3 Research Objectives
	12.2 Literature Review
		12.2.1 Examining Current Developments in AI-Powered Super-Resolution Methodologies
		12.2.2 Super-Resolution (SR)
	12.3 Research Methodology
		12.3.1 Deep Learning Architectures
		12.3.2 Training Datasets
		12.3.3 Loss Functions
		12.3.4 Upscaling Algorithms
		12.3.5 Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs)
		12.3.6 Attention Processes
		12.3.7 Methods of Post-Processing
		12.3.8 Real-Time Super-Resolution
	12.4 Results and Discussion
		12.4.1 Evaluating and Comparing Different Deep Learning Architectures Used in Super-Resolution
		12.4.2 Visual Illustration of Improved Pictures
	12.5 Conclusion
	References
13 Revolutionising Tumour Diagnosis: How Clinical Application of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Enhances Accuracy and Efficiency
	13.1 Introduction
	13.2 Literature Review
	13.3 Research Methodology
	13.4 Results and Discussion
	13.5 Conclusion
	References
14 Harnessing Medical Databases and Data Mining in the Big Data Era: Advancements and Applications in Healthcare
	14.1 Introduction
	14.2 Literature Review
	14.3 Research Methodology
	14.4 Results
	14.5 Challenges
	14.6 Conclusion
	14.7 Future Scope
	References
15 Machine Learning-Powered Design and Implementation for Classification of Missing Data in IoT Applications
	15.1 Introduction
	15.2 Literature Review
	15.3 Research Methodology
	15.4 Results
	15.5 Conclusion
	15.6 Challenges
	15.7 Future Scope
	References
16 IoT-Based Security Detection for Cloud Web Applications: Leveraging Internet of Things Approaches
	16.1 Introduction
		16.1.1 Research Gap
	16.2 Literature Review
	16.3 Research Methodology
	16.4 Results
	16.5 Conclusion
	16.6 Future Scope
	References
17 Exploring Ethical Considerations: Privacy and Accountability in Conversational Agents like ChatGPT
	17.1 Introduction
	17.2 Research Methodology
	17.3 Results
	17.4 Discussion
	17.5 Conclusion
	17.6 Challenges
	References
18 Navigating Cross-Lingual Natural Language Processing: Challenges, Strategies, and Applications
	18.1 Introduction
		18.1.1 Research Objectives
	18.2 Literature Review
	18.3 Methodology
		18.3.1 Research Configuration
		18.3.2 Assessment Activities
		18.3.3 Implementation
	18.4 Results and Discussion
		18.4.1 Wide Cross-Lingual Transfer
		18.4.2 Limitations and Difficulties
	18.5 Conclusion
	References
19 Fostering Understanding: Bridging the Gap Between Black-Box Models and Human Interpretability with Explainable Artificial Intelligence
	19.1 Introduction
		19.1.1 Research Objectives
	19.2 Literature Review
	19.3 Methodology
		19.3.1 Data Pre-Processing
		19.3.2 Classification Assessment
		19.3.3 Clustering Assessment
		19.3.4 Explanation Assessment
	19.4 Results and Discussion
		19.4.1 Outcomes of Classification
		19.4.2 Outcomes of Clustering
		19.4.3 Outcomes of Explanation
		19.4.4 Discussion
	19.5 Conclusion
	References
20 Semantic Analysis and Machine Learning Techniques for Enhancing Content-Based Image Retrieval
	20.1 Introduction
		20.1.1 Research Objectives
	20.2 Literature Review
	20.3 Methodology
		20.3.1 Extraction of Features and LNP
		20.3.2 Suggested CBIR with ML Techniques
	20.4 Results and Discussion
		20.4.1 Color Dataset
		20.4.2 Texture Dataset
		20.4.3 Face Dataset
	20.5 Performance Evaluation
	20.6 Outcomes
		20.6.1 Test 1
		20.6.2 Test 2
	20.7 Conclusion
	References
21 Examining ChatGPT\'s Impact: Challenges, Opportunities, and Future Directions for Enhancing Educational Experiences
	21.1 Literature Review
	21.2 Research Methodology
	21.3 Results
	21.4 Discussion
	21.5 Conclusion
	References
22 Advancing Beyond Contextual Embeddings: Innovations in Word and Document Representations for Natural Language Processing
	22.1 Introduction
	22.2 Literature Review
	22.3 Research Methodology
	22.4 Results
	22.5 Conclusion
	References
23 Combatting Cybercrimes: Leveraging Natural Language Processing for Detection in Social Media
	23.1 Introduction
	23.2 Literature Review
	23.3 Research Methodology
	23.4 Results
	23.5 Discussion
	23.6 Conclusion
	References
24 Constructing an Evaluation Framework for English Teaching in Higher Education: Integrating Neural Networks and Natural Language Processing
	24.1 Introduction
	24.2 Literature Review
	24.3 Research Methodology
	24.4 Results and Discussions
	24.5 Discussion
	24.6 Conclusion
	24.7 Challenges
	24.8 Future Scope
	References
25 Exploring Recent Advances and Applications Across Sectors: A Natural Language Processing Perspective
	25.1 Introduction
	25.2 Literature Review
		25.2.1 Uses for Natural Language Processing
	25.3 Methodology
	25.4 Results and Discussion
		25.4.1 Assessment of Model
		25.4.2 Challenges in NLP
	25.5 Conclusion
	References
26 Charting the Path of Futuristic Support Tools: Opportunities, Challenges, Recent Advances, and Future Directions in the Era of ChatGPT
	26.1 Introduction
	26.2 Literature Review
		26.2.1 Application of ChatGPT
		26.2.2 Recent Advancements in ChatGPT Technology
	26.3 Methodology
	26.4 Results and Discussion
		26.4.1 Distinctive Attributes and Operations of the ChatGPT Help Platform
	26.5 Conclusion
	References
27 Debunking Myths and Misconceptions in the Healthcare Sector: A ChatGPT-Powered Evaluation
	27.1 Introduction
	27.2 Literature Review
		27.2.1 LLM (Large Language Model)
		27.2.2 Processing of Natural Language (NLP)
		27.2.3 Transformer
		27.2.4 Generative AI’s Benefits for Health
	27.3 Methodology
		27.3.1 Research Plan
		27.3.2 Analyses Both Quantitative and Qualitative
		27.3.3 Examining Statistics
	27.4 Results
		27.4.1 Analytical Quantitative
		27.4.2 Analytical Qualitative
	27.5 Discussion
		27.5.1 Generative AI Tools’ Risks for Health
	27.6 Conclusion
	References
28 Investigating Suitability of IoMT Aid in Orthopaedics: Features, Adoption, Barriers, Future
	28.1 Introduction
	28.2 Emergence and Evolution
	28.3 Prevalent IoMT Aid in Orthopaedics and Healthcare
	28.4 Related Work
	28.5 IoMT Architecture Elements
	28.6 Protocols to Follow
	28.7 Cognitive IoMT (CIoMT)
	28.8 Barriers
		28.8.1 Security Challenges
		28.8.2 Privacy Concerns
	28.9 Mitigating Security and Privacy Risks
		28.9.1 Future Directions
		28.9.2 Conclusion
	References
29 VGG Network-Based Deep Convoluted Facial Recognition
	29.1 Introduction
	29.2 Proposed Algorithm
	29.3 Conclusion
	References
30 Fabrication of a Tool for Prediction of Crops Using Machine Learning
	30.1 Introduction
	30.2 Literature review
	30.3 Problem Statement
	30.4 Methodology
	30.5 Data Flow Diagram
	30.6 Design and Calculations
		30.6.1 Drafting of Parts
		30.6.2 Designing of Bucket
		30.6.3 Designing of Holder
		30.6.4 Selection of Material
	30.7 Results and Discussions
	30.8 Conclusion
	References
31 The Impact of Six Sigma Approach on Improvement Productivity in Manufacturing Company
	31.1 Introduction
		31.1.1 Challenges in Manufacturing Industry
		31.1.2 Challenges of Productivity Improvement-Cycle Time and Lead Time
		31.1.3 Cycle and Lead Times
		31.1.4 Six Sigma Methodology
		31.1.5 Six Sigma Probability Distribution
		31.1.6 Six Sigma 68–95-99.7 Rule
	31.2 Results
		31.2.1 Phase-wise Results
		31.2.2 Final Results
	31.3 Discussion and Conclusion
	References
32 A Novel Approach for Monument Identification Using a Modified ResNet-101 Encoder-Decoder Architecture
	32.1 Introduction
		32.1.1 A Subsection Sample
	32.2 Proposed Algorithm
	32.3 Result and Discussion
	32.4 Conclusion
	References
33 Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties of Graphene Reinforced Composites—A Review
	33.1 Introduction
		33.1.1 Graphene
		33.1.2 Graphene-Based MMC
		33.1.3 Graphene/Polymer-Based Composite
	33.2 Processing Techniques of Graphene-Based Composites
	33.3 Properties of Graphene-Based Composites
		33.3.1 Mechanical Properties
		33.3.2 Electronic Properties
	33.4 Applications and Challenges in Graphene-Based Composites
	33.5 Conclusion
	References
34 Recent Advancements in Knowledge-Based Parametric Modeling of Mechanical Components
	34.1 Introduction
		34.1.1 Knowledge-Based Systems
		34.1.2 Expert Systems
		34.1.3 Knowledge-Based Engineering
		34.1.4 CAD and its Automation
		34.1.5 Parametric Modeling Techniques
		34.1.6 Macros and Automation in Parametric Modeling
	34.2 Recent Works
	34.3 Discussion
	34.4 Conclusion
	References
35 Performance Analysis of Cooperative MCR-NOMA for 5G Wireless Networks
	35.1 Introduction
		35.1.1 Related Works
		35.1.2 Objective
	35.2 Block Diagram
	35.3 Scheduling Methods
		35.3.1 User Scheduling in the Absence of Immediate CSI
		35.3.2 Scheduling of Users Through Partial CSI
		35.3.3 User Scheduling with Full CSI Considering Priorities Among Users
	35.4 Performance Analysis
	35.5 Simulation Results
	35.6 Conclusion
	References
36 Free Flow 0° Copper Tube Collector Augmentation for Yield Improvement into Solar Desalination System
	36.1 Introduction
	36.2 Solar Desalination Model Formulation
	36.3 Results and Discussion
	36.4 Conclusion
	References
37 Investigation on Kerf Taper and Effect of Process Parameters on Micromachining of Nickel-Base Super Alloy
	37.1 Introduction
	37.2 Proposed Methodology
		37.2.1 Experimentation
	37.3 Artificial Neural Network
		37.3.1 Comparison of Models Developed Using Three Transfer Functions
	37.4 Optimization by Genetic Algorithm (GA)
		37.4.1 Contour Plots for KT
	37.5 Result
		37.5.1 Validation Experiments
	37.6 Conclusion
	References
38 Investigation of Heat Transfer Enhancement in a Tubular Heat Exchanger Through Experimentation with Alternate Materials
	38.1 Introduction
	38.2 Literature Review
	38.3 Methodology Used
		38.3.1 Experimental Setup
		38.3.2 Selection of Fluids
		38.3.3 Test Procedure
		38.3.4 Data Collection
		38.3.5 Analysis and Comparison
	38.4 Results and Discussion
	38.5 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
39 Design and Fabrication of an Automated Multi-Hacksaw Cutting Machine
	39.1 Introduction
		39.1.1 Problem Identification
	39.2 Literature Review
	39.3 Parts, Designs and Dimensions
		39.3.1 Base Frame
		39.3.2 Hacksaw
		39.3.3 Machine Vice
		39.3.4 Motor, Belt, Wheel and Shaft Arrangement
		39.3.5 Rotating Disc
		39.3.6 Complete Design
	39.4 Working Technique
	39.5 Calculations and Deductions
		39.5.1 Angular Velocity of Disc
		39.5.2 Inertia Force
		39.5.3 Cutting Force
		39.5.4 Friction Force
		39.5.5 Total Required Force
		39.5.6 Bending Moment
		39.5.7 Velocity Diagram
		39.5.8 Torque
	39.6 Cooling Mechanism for Heat Reduction
	39.7 Fabrication
	39.8 Results and Conclusions
	References
40 Probabilistic Roadmap Generation for Autonomous Robot Path Planning in Dynamic Environments
	40.1 Introduction
	40.2 Literature Review
	40.3 Methodology
	40.4 Experimental Results
	40.5 Conclusion
	References
41 Biomimetic Bipedal Locomotion: Avian-Inspired Dynamics and Simulation Analysis
	41.1 Introduction
	41.2 Methodology
	41.3 Result
	41.4 Conclusion and Discussion
	References
42 Optimization and Modelling of Machining Parameters in End Milling Operation Using Box-Behnken Technique
	42.1 Introduction
	42.2 Materials and Methodology
	42.3 Results and Discussions
	42.4 Conclusions
	References
43 Unlocking Predictive Insights for Employee Retention and Engagement: Harnessing Machine Learning and Big Data Analytics in HR Practices
	43.1 Introduction
		43.1.1 Importance of Employee Retention and Engagement in Organizations
		43.1.2 Predictive Insights and Their Role in HR Practices
		43.1.3 Employee Retention and Engagement
	43.2 Employee Retention and Engagement
		43.2.1 Employee Retention
		43.2.2 Employee Engagement
		43.2.3 Retention & Engagement Relationship.
	43.3 Traditional Approaches to Employee Retention and Engagement
		43.3.1 Common Retention and Engagement Strategies
	43.4 Integration of Machine Learning and Big Data Analytics in HR Practices
		43.4.1 Big Data Analytics and Machine Learning Working Together in Harmony.
	43.5 Conclusion
	References
44 Transforming Classroom Instruction: Embracing Machine Learning-Assisted Teaching Pedagogy
	44.1 Introduction
		44.1.1 The Importance of Adequate Classroom Instruction
		44.1.2 Technology in Education
	44.2 Integration of ML in Classroom Instruction
		44.2.1 Benefits of ML-Assisted Teaching Pedagogy
	44.3 Enhancing Student Engagement and Personalization
		44.3.1 Gamification and Interactive Learning Experiences
	44.4 Improving Instructional Design and Content Delivery
	44.5 Supporting Teachers and Facilitating Collaboration
	44.6 Conclusion
	References
45 Semiempirical Calculation of 4-Dimethylaminopyridium, 2-Phosphorallylide and Their 1,5-Electocyclization Product
	45.1 Introduction
	45.2 Computational Method
	45.3 Results and Discussion
	45.4 Computational Detail
	45.5 Location of Transition State During 1,5-Electrocyclization of II
	45.6 Conclusions
	References
46 A Study of Earthquake Forecasting Using Artificial Intelligence (AI) Approaches
	46.1 Introduction
	46.2 Deterministic Forecasting Versus Probabilistic Forecasting Approaches
	46.3 The Experimental Procedure for Earthquake Forecasting
		46.3.1 The Experimental Procedure Using Probabilistic Modeling Approaches
		46.3.2 The Experimental Procedure Using Deterministic Modeling Approach
	46.4 Limitations of Study of Earthquake Forecasting Using AI Approaches
	46.5 Result
	46.6 Conclusion
	References
47 Mining Social Networks for Recommendation Systems: An Integrated Approach Using Data Mining and Social Network Analysis
	47.1 Introduction
	47.2 Methodology
	47.3 Predictor Evaluation and Visualization of Results
	47.4 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
48 Investigation of the Impact of AI on Farm Sustainability
	48.1 Introduction
	48.2 Research Objective of Investigation of the Impact of AI on Farm Sustainability
	48.3 Assessment of the Environmental Impact of AI-Powered Precision Agriculture
	48.4 Investigation of the Economic Impact of AI on Farm Sustainability, Including Its Impact on Farm Profitability, Food Prices, and Farmer Livelihoods
	48.5 The Strategies to Promote Sustainable and Equitable Adoption of AI
	48.6 Result and Discussion
	48.7 Conclusion
	48.8 Future Scope
	References
49 Competence of Big Data Analytics for Enactment with Allusion to Higher Education Institutions—A Conceptual Framework
	49.1 Introduction
	49.2 Statement of Problem
	49.3 Importance of My Study
	49.4 Scope of My Study
	49.5 Objective of the Study
	49.6 Hypothesis of the Study
	49.7 Literature Review for the Research
	49.8 Encompassing Methodology
	49.9 Research Design
		49.9.1 Data Collection Methods
		49.9.2 Data Analysis Methods
		49.9.3 Conclusion
	References
Author Index