Proceedings of The 9th International Conference on Water Resource and Environment: Proceedings of WRE2023 (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 468)

Preface
Organization
Contents
About the Editor
Water Resources Management
Potential Effect of Hydropower Dam on Global Warming – A Field Study of Biomethane Formation at Aono Dam
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Renewable Energy
		1.2 Hydropower and Potential GHG Emissions
	2 Formation of Biomass-Based Methane
	3 Field Study in the Southern-Central Region of Japan
		3.1 Materials and Method
		3.2 Results and Discussion
	4 Concluding Remarks
	References
A Method for Determining the Water Drive Front by Using the Effective Utilization Ratio of Water Injection
	1 Questions Raised
	2 Calculation Method of Water Flooding Front
		2.1 Formula Derivation
		2.2 Determination of Parameters
	3 Application Examples
		3.1 Calculation of Water Flooding Front
		3.2 Inspection Well Verification
	4 Conclusion
	References
Integrating Ecosystem Services into Spatial Decision-Making for Ensuring Water Security
	1 Introduction
	2 Background of Ecosystem Services and Its Significance in the Water-Food-Energy Nexus
	3 Ecosystem Services-Based Spatial Decision-Making
	4 Case Study: Istanbul Metropolitan Area
		4.1 Scenario Analyses
		4.2 Ecosystem Services Mapping
		4.3 Analysis and Synthesis of Ecosystem Service (ES) Mapping
	5 Conclusions
	References
Ecosystem Services Integrated Approach for “Special Provision Watershed Protection Plans”
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Ecosystem Services (ESs) Approach for Spatial Decision Making
		1.2 A Brief Assessment of the Regulations Related to the “Special Provision for Watershed Protection Plans (SPWPP) in Türkiye
	2 Methodology and the ESs Integrated Assessment of the Watershed Cases
		2.1 General Characteristics of the SPWPP Cases
		2.2 LULC and ESs Qualifications of Watersheds
	3 Results and Conclusions
	References
Evaluation Method and Application Practice of Water Resources Sustainability in Megacities
	1 Introduction
	2 Data Sources and Research Methods
		2.1 Overview of the Research Area
		2.2 Data Sources
		2.3 Research Methods
	3 Results and Analysis
		3.1 Target Value and Weight Calculation of Indicators
		3.2 Evaluation Results and Analysis
	4 Conclusion and Suggestions
	References
Initial Evaluation of Water Quality in the Labac River Watershed Segment, Indang, Cavite: A Preliminary Study
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Sample Sourcing
		2.2 Sample Preparation and Collection
		2.3 Water Quality Parameters and Method of Analysis
		2.4 Statistical Treatment of Data
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Summary of Results
		3.2 One-Way ANOVA Results
		3.3 Pearson Correlational Analysis
	4 Conclusion
	References
An Enhanced Adaptive Shuffled Complex Evolution Algorithm for Hydrological Model Parameter Calibration
	1 Introduction
	2 Description of the EASCE Algorithm
	3 Benchmark Functions Testing
	4 Hydrological Model Parameter Calibration Based on EASCE
		4.1 Construction of the Hydrological Model Authors and Affiliations
		4.2 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Extreme Precipitation and Hydrological Events in the Middle Reaches of Weihe Basin and Their Response to Climate
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Regional Overview and Data
		2.2 Methods
	3 Results
		3.1 Extreme Precipitation Characteristics
		3.2 Calculation of Extreme Precipitation Probability and Recurrence Period
		3.3 Probability Distribution and Return Period of Extreme Floods
		3.4 Relationship Between Extreme Precipitation and Extreme Flooding
		3.5 Climate Response of Extreme Precipitation Hydrological Events
	4 Discuss
	5 Conclusion
	References
The Impact of Water Flow Variability on Brackish Water Distribution in Prokljan Lake, Croatia
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Study Area
		2.2 Data Acquisition
		2.3 Brackish Water Fraction
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Acquired Data
		3.2 Salinity Transects
		3.3 Brackish Water Fraction
	4 Conclusion and Future Remarks
	References
Study on Monthly Ensemble Precipitation Forecast in the Qiantang River Basin
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Observation and Prediction
		2.2 Bayesian Joint Probability Model
		2.3 Evaluating Indicator
	3 Results
		3.1 Raw Ensemble Forecast
		3.2 Calibrated Ensemble Forecast
	4 Conclusions
	References
Study on Monthly Runoff Forecasting Model Based on the Wavelet Transform
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Case Study
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Investigating Properties and Attribution of Streamflow Nonstationary Change on the Loess Plateau of China: Distinguishing the “Greening” Effects
	1 Introduction
	2 Study Area and Dataset
		2.1 Study Area
		2.2 Dataset
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Cumulative Anomaly Method
		3.2 Double Mass Curve Method
		3.3 Budyko Framework
	4 Evolutionary Characteristics of Watershed Hydrological Elements
		4.1 Nonstationary Characteristics of the Measured Runoff Series
		4.2 Nonstationary Characteristics of Precipitation Series
		4.3 Characteristics of Land Use and Vegetation Change
	5 Attribution Analysis of Runoff Alteration
		5.1 Evolution of Rainfall-Runoff Relationship
		5.2 Estimation of the Impact of Loess Plateau Greening
	6 Conclusion
	References
Pipe Network Water Level Prediction Platform Coupled with SWMM and LSTM
	1 Introduction
	2 Design of Pipe Network Water Level Prediction Platform
		2.1 Whole Scheme Design
		2.2 Overall Framework Design
		2.3 Module Innovation
	3 Case Study – An Area in Huzhou City as an Example
		3.1 Regional Overview, Model Construction and Validation
		3.2 Rainfall Examples and Risk Assessment
	4 Conclusion
	References
GAT-GRU Based Model for Water Network Flow Prediction
	1 Introduction
	2 Hydrodynamic Model
	3 GAT
		3.1 The Graph Attention Layer
		3.2 Multi-head Attention Mechanism
	4 GAT-GRU
		4.1 Spatial Correlation
		4.2 Time Correlation
	5 Case Study
		5.1 Basic Definition
		5.2 Data Sets and Pre-processing
		5.3 Evaluation Indicators
		5.4 Parameter Settings
		5.5 Analysis of Experimental Results
	6 Conclusions
	References
Towards Effective Geospatial Techniques for Watershed Management - A Case Study from Manipur, India
	1 Introduction
	2 Study Area
	3 Materials and Methodology
	4 Result
		4.1 Hydrogeomorphology and Geology
		4.2 Soil
		4.3 Drainage and Watershed
		4.4 Land Use/Land Cover Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Water Pollution and Treatment Technology
Bimetallic Copper-Cobalt Nanoparticles Decorated on the Carbon Microtubes Derived from the Used FM for Electrochemical Pollution Detection of Lead
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Materials
		2.2 Synthesis of FM-Derived Carbon Microtubes
		2.3 Synthesis of FM-Derived Co/Cu Nanoparticles
		2.4 Characterizations
		2.5 Electrode Fabrication
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Microstructural Analysis
		3.2 Electrochemical Sensing
		3.3 Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Bimetal (Ni, Fe) Nanoalloy Implanted into Cypress Leaves Derived Biochar for Cu2+ Heavy Metal Detection
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Procedure
		2.1 Materials
		2.2 Methods
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Study on the Adsorption Effect of NOR in Reclaimed Water on Montmorillonite
	1 Introduction
	2 Test and Model
		2.1 Test Materials and Instruments
		2.2 Test Materials and Instruments
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Study on Adsorption Kinetics of NOR on Montmorillonite
		3.2 Adsorption isotherm of Norfloxacin on montmorillonite
		3.3 Effect of pH of Solution of NOR Adsorption on Montmorillonite
		3.4 Influence of DHA Concentration on Adsorption of NOR on Montmorillonite
		3.5 Effect of Addition Order on NOR Adsorption by Montmorillonite
	4 Conclusion
	References
Kinetic and Economical Evaluation of the Ultrasonicated and Un-ultrasonicated Anaerobic Digestion Plants Fed with Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME)
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Data Collection
		2.2 Data Analysis
		2.3 Kinetic Study
		2.4 Solver Tool
		2.5 Economic Evaluation
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Kinetic Study for Biogas Production Without Ultrasonication Pre-treatment
		3.2 Kinetic Study for Biogas Production with Ultrasonication Pre-treatment
		3.3 Kinetic Study for Laboratory-Scale Data
		3.4 Economic Evaluation
		3.5 Environmental Consideration
	4 Conclusion
	References
Efficiency Analysis of Advanced Treatment Process and Upgrading Reconstruction of Urban Sewage Treatment Plant
	1 Introduction
	2 Overview of Two Sewage Treatment Plant Projects
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Comparative Analysis of Efficiency Under Different Sewage Advanced Treatment Processes
		3.2 Comparison of Treatment Efficiency Before and After Process Upgrading and Reconstruction of Factory A
	4 Conclusions
	References
Water Losses in the Administrative Building at Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE Through Data Analysis of a Flowmeter (IoT) and Wastewater Discharge
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Study Area
		2.2 Gathering Information
	3 Data Analysis
		3.1 Supplied Water Flow Rate (Inlet)
		3.2 Flow of Water Discharged into the Sewer (Outlet)
		3.3 Calculation of the Non-revenue Water Index
	4 Results
		4.1 Flow Rate of Supplied Water (Inlet)
		4.2 Outlet Water Flow
		4.3 Non-revenue Water Index
	5 Conclusions
	References
Cross-Administrative Integrated Compensation for Urban Domestic Wastewater Treatment Facilities: A Theoretic Framework and Case Study in China
	1 Introduction
	2 Study Area
	3 Compensation Items and Relationships
		3.1 Compensation Items
		3.2 Compensation Relationships
	4 Compensation Methods and Standards
		4.1 Standards for Wastewater Receiving
		4.2 Standards for Tail-Water Discharging
	5 Results
		5.1 Theoretic Framework
		5.2 Preliminary Results for the Case Study
	6 Discussion
	7 Conclusion
	References
Characteristics of Natural Stabilizers and Their Effect on Heavy Metal Mobility in Soil-Water Medium
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Method
		2.1 Soil Sample Contamination
		2.2 Soil pH
		2.3 Sequential Extractions
		2.4 Screening Methods of Natural Stabilizers
		2.5 Mobility Factor
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Soil pH
		3.2 Characterization of Biomass-Based Soil Stabilizers
		3.3 Effect of Natural Stabilizers on Heavy Metal Mobility
	4 Conclusion
	References
Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Methods for Monitoring Treatment Processes Used to Eliminate Persistent Organic Pollutants
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Chemicals and Reagents
		2.2 Water Treatment
		2.3 LC-MS/MS Analysis
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 LC-MS/MS Method
		3.2 Study of the Removal Efficiency
	4 Conclusion
	References
Integrated Planning for Water Pollution Control in Suburban Regions in South-Eastern China
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Methods
		2.1 Study Area
		2.2 Designed Water Quality for Different Situations
		2.3 Treatment Modes of Non-Point Source Pollution
	3 Result and Discussion
		3.1 Hybrid Pollution Control in Key Control Area
		3.2 Application of Paddy-Ditch-Pond Microcycle Purification Technology in General Control Area
		3.3 Application of Ditch-Pond-Wetland Micro-cycle Purification Technology in Preventive Control area
	4 Conclusion
	References
Preparation of Vanadate Nanowire Modified Microspheres and Evaluation of Their Photocatalytic Properties for Toluene in Open System
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Preparation of Modification Microspheres of EuVO4-V2O5 Nanowire Array
		2.2 Characterization of Modification Microspheres
		2.3 Construction of the Open Reaction System for Toluene Gas Photocatalytic Decomposition [13]
		2.4 Fine Measurement of Photocatalytic Decomposition Efficiency of Toluene in Open System
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Characterization of Physicochemical Properties of Modification Microspheres with EuVO4-V2O5 Nanowire Array
		3.2 Element Distribution of Catalyst on Microsphere Surface
		3.3 Photocatalytic Decomposition of Toluene in Open System
		3.4 Analysis of Catalytic Stability
		3.5 Analysis of Catalytic Activity Repeatability
		3.6 Analysis of Water Resistance of Catalytic Activity
	4 Conclusions
	References
Multiclass LC-MS/MS Determination of Organic Micropollutants in Groundwater
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental
		2.1 Chemicals
		2.2 Instrumental
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Method Validation
		3.2 Application to Real Groundwater Samples
	4 Conclusion
	References
Assessing Solute Transport and Pollutant Fate: Insights from Coastal Soil and Water Interactions
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Problems in the Study Area
	2 Materials and Methodology
		2.1 Soil Column Study
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Experimental Run for Column Study
	4 Conclusion
	References
Environmental Protection and Sustainability
Remapping Environmental Protection and Literacy in Taiwan Through an Environmental Documentary, Beyond Beauty: Taiwan from Above (2013)
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Industrialization, Globalization, Environmental Issues, and Taiwan
	2 Industrialization and Environmental Problems in Taiwan
	3 Emergence of Environmental Awareness and Movements in Taiwan
	4 Environmental Literacy, Environmental Documentary, and Beyond Beauty: Taiwan from Above (2013)
	5 Conclusion
	References
Sustainable Utilization of Red Mud in Construction Materials and Ceramic Materials: A Comprehensive Review
	1 Introduction
	2 Production and Distribution of Red Mud
	3 Chemical Properties and Mineralogical Characteristics of Red Mud
	4 Comprehensive Utilization of Red Mud
		4.1 Utilization of Red Mud in Construction Materials
		4.2 Utilization of Red Mud in Ceramic Materials
	5 Conclusion
	References
Monitoring Stream Bank Erosion Under Different Riparian Land Uses Utilizing Various Methodological Approaches
	1 Introduction
	2 Study Area
	3 Stream Bank Erosion Methodology
		3.1 Erosion Pins
		3.2 Laser Scanning
		3.3 Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
	4 Results
		4.1 Erosion Pins
		4.2 Laser Scanning
		4.3 Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
	5 Conclusions
	References
Study on Wave Climate Characteristics and Extreme Conditions in Beibu Gulf
	1 Introduction
	2 Wave Model Calculation
		2.1 Driving Wind Field
		2.2 SWAN Model Setup and Validation
		2.3 Extreme Value Distribution Function
	3 Analysis of Wind and Wave Characteristics in the Beibu Gulf
		3.1 Wave Characteristics in the Beibu Gulf
		3.2 Research on Extreme Wind Characteristics
		3.3 Research on Extreme Wave Characteristics
	4 Summary
	References
Revisions of ERA5 Reanalysis of Wind Speed and Application to Wave Simulation in the Bohai Sea
	1 Introduction
	2 Data and Method
		2.1 Data
		2.2 Revised Method
	3 Analysis of Revised Results
	4 Application of the Revised Wind
		4.1 Configuration of SWAN Model
		4.2 Revision of the Wind
		4.3 Comparison Test
		4.4 Results Verification
	5 Conclusions
	References
Studying Urban Delta Adaptation: The Comparative Analysis for the Urban Morphology to Mitigating Flooding Risk
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Urban Delta and Floods
		1.2 Theorize Floods with Urban Morphology
	2 Methodology
	3 Result of Findings
		3.1 Social Influencing Indicators
		3.2 Flood Influencing Indicators
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Calibration of Low-Cost Air Sensors in the Presence of Pollutant Interferences: An Outdoor Evaluation
	1 Introduction
	2 Air Pollutant Sensor Calibration Related Works
	3 Data and Materials
		3.1 Measuring Sensors
		3.2 Descriptive Analysis
	4 Methods
		4.1 Scenarios
		4.2 Calibration Models
		4.3 Criterion for Comparison
	5 Results and Discussions
	6 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Common-Pool Resources and Their Roles Emerged from Emergency Responses in Fishing Villages in Japan - Focusing on Communal Responses on Abalone Collecting in Sanriku Region After the Great East Japan Earthquake
	1 Introduction
		1.1 TURFs in Fishery in Japan
		1.2 CPR at Emergency
	2 Research Area and Research Method
		2.1 Sanriku Region and Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011
		2.2 TURFs and Common Fishery in Sanriku
		2.3 Selection of Study Site and Research Methodology
	3 Results
		3.1 FMOs that Distributed Among Fishers Before the Earthquake
		3.2 FMOs that Distributed the Proceeds Among FMO Members
		3.3 FMO that Distributed the Proceeds Beyond FMO Members
	4 Discussions
		4.1 Common Features Observed Among Case FMOS
		4.2 Variation of Abalone Collecting in 2011–12 Winter and Influencing Factors
		4.3 Decision-Making Process
		4.4 Sense of Community and TURF Resources
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Novel Bioretention Media Made from Native Soil
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Materials and Laboratory Test
		2.2 Method
	3 Production and Field Test
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Sustainable Urban Village Renewal Approach with Considerations in Adaptability and Recyclability: Conceptual Design and Case Studies
	1 Introduction
	2 Integration of Sustainability Principles into the Concept of Urban Village Renewal
		2.1 Sustainable Urban Renewal
		2.2 Renewal Strategy Without Demolition: Vertical Extension and Replan
	3 Innovative Vertical Extension System for Sustainable Renewal
		3.1 Economic Sustainability
		3.2 Environmental Sustainability
		3.3 Social Sustainability
	4 Conclusion
	References
The Enlightenment of the General Average Storage and Waste Theory to Environmental Economics
	1 Introduction
	2 Value Considerations of the General Average System
	3 The Enlightenment of the General Average Storage and Waste Theory to Environmental Economics
		3.1 Solving Externality Problems
	4 Management of Public Goods
	5 Cooperation and Game
	6 Conclusions
	References
Influence of HCl on the Mechanical Characteristics of Red Mud Based Geopolymer
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Experimental Materials
		2.2 Sample Preparations
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Appearance and Morphology
		3.2 Stress-Strain Curve
		3.3 Compressive Strength
		3.4 Analysis of MIP Test Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Author Index