Proceedings of the 2023 International Conference on Advances in Computing Research (ACR’23) (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 700)

Preface
Organization
Contents
Data Analytics Engineering
Community Opinion Network Maximization for Mining Top K Seed Social Network Users
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Contributions and Outline
	2 Related Work
	3 The Proposed ACOMax System
		3.1 The ACOMax System Algorithm Steps
		3.2 Definitions of Features and Functions
	4 Experimental Evaluation
	5 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Taxonomy for an Automated Sleep Stage Scoring
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Proposed System Components
	4 System Components Evaluation and Validation
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Convolutional Neural Networks Based Classification of Mammograms
	1 Introduction
	2 System Design
	3 Data Collection and Labeling
	4 Data Pre-processing
	5 Model Training and Evaluation
		5.1 First Phase of Model Training
		5.2 Second Phase of Model Training
	6 Conclusions
	References
Finding Insights in Florida Voter Participation
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Statement
	3 Data Science Solution
		3.1 Obtain Data
		3.2 Scrub Data
		3.3 Explore Data: Voter Profiles Generation
		3.4 Modeling Voter Engagement
		3.5 Interpreting Voting Data: Tableau Dashboards
	4 Walkthrough of the Dashboards and Study Findings
	5 Discussions
	References
Supervised Learning-Based Indoor Positioning System Using WiFi Fingerprints
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Supervised Learning-Based Indoor Positioning
		3.1 Dataset
		3.2 Data Pre-processing
		3.3 Mobility Prediction Models
	4 Experiments and Results
		4.1 Building-Level Positioning
		4.2 Floor-Level Positioning
		4.3 Room-Level Positioning
	5 Analysis of WiFi Fingerprints
		5.1 Trade-Off Between Granularity and Accuracy
		5.2 Predict Room Locations by WiFi Signal Strength
	6 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Comparing Ensemble Learning Techniques on Data Transmission Reduction for IoT Systems
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Filter-Based Methods
		2.2 DL-Based Methods
	3 The Proposed System
		3.1 The Proposed Dual Prediction Method
		3.2 Implementation Details
	4 Experimental Results
		4.1 Setup
		4.2 Results and Discussion
		4.3 Study Limitations
	5 Conclusion
	References
Machine Learning Technique for Data Fusion and Cognitive Load Classification Using an Eye Tracker
	1 Introduction
	2 Background Review
		2.1 Existing Approaches for Detecting Cognitive Load by Eye-Tracking
		2.2 Using Machine Learning for Classification
	3 Experimental Details
	4 Proposed Cognitive Load Estimation Approach
		4.1 Data Cleaning and Feature Analysis
		4.2 Choosing a Model
	5 Performance Evaluation of Proposed ML Models
	6 Conclusion
	References
Comparative Analysis: Recommendation Techniques in E-Commerce
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Proposed DRV Model
	4 Discussion
	5 System Verification
	6 Conclusion
	References
Design and Manufacturing of Cap System to Prevent Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Hardware Design
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Entropy in Fuzzy k-Means Algorithm for Multi-view Data
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Entropy Weighting Fuzzy k-Means
	4 Experiments
		4.1 Real-world Multiview Datasets
		4.2 Properties of the Proposed Algorithm
		4.3 Performance of the Proposed Algorithm
	5 Conclusions
	References
HealthCare Text Analytics Using Recent ML Techniques
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Dataset
	4 Data Preprocessing
		4.1 Reduced Categories Dataset
		4.2 T-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding
		4.3 PCA
		4.4 Logistic Regression Classifier
		4.5 Confusion Matrix
		4.6 Sciscpacy
	5 Analysis and Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Emotion Recognition Techniques with IoT and Deep Learning Technologies
	1 Introduction
	2 Facial and Emotion Recognition Algorithms
	3 Proposed Platform
	4 Applications of an IoT Solution with AI for Facial and Emotion Recognition - Preliminary Results
		4.1 Image Dataset
		4.2 Face Detection
		4.3 Emotion Recognition
	5 Conclusions
	References
Computational Intelligence
Hybrid Capsule Network for Hyperspectral Image Unmixing and Classification
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Method
		3.1 Data Preprocessing
		3.2 Problem Formulation
		3.3 3D-CNN
		3.4 Capsule Network
		3.5 Bottleneck Layer
		3.6 Linear Decoder
	4 Datasets
		4.1 Jasper Ridge
		4.2 Samson
		4.3 Urban
	5 Experimental Testbench
		5.1 Model Evaluation
		5.2 Results and Analysis
	6 Discussion
	7 Conclusion
	References
An Artificial Intelligence Peer-To-Peer Car Repair Platform
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Automotive Services/Apps in the in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia/Middle East Countries
	3 Methodology
	4 Prototype
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Passive Operating System Fingerprinting Analysis Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Background
		2.2 Fingerprint Analysis Targets and Methods
		2.3 Dependencies and Weaknesses
		2.4 Towards Passive Neural Networks
	3 Passive Fingerprinting
	4 Experiments
		4.1 Microsoft Azure Architecture
		4.2 Microsoft Azure Network Test Plan
		4.3 vSphere Network Architecture
		4.4 vSphere Network Test Plan
	5 Neural Network Training
		5.1 Data Preparation and Sampling
	6 Results and Conclusions
		6.1 Azure VM Network Miner Analysis
		6.2 Neural Network Analysis
		6.3 Prediction Analysis
		6.4 Discussion
		6.5 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
A Highly Efficient Computer Vision Approach for Tennis Ball Retrieval with Limited Computational Power
	1 Introduction
	2 Previous Work
	3 Deep Learning Approach
	4 OpenCV Approach
		4.1 Image Preprocessing
		4.2 Detection Algorithm
	5 Results and Discussion
		5.1 CNN Model Training and Evaluation
		5.2 OpenCV Algorithm Experiments and Evaluation
		5.3 Evaluating the OpenCV algorithm with Common Vision Metrics
		5.4 Evaluating the Computational Efficiency of the CNN Model
	6 Conclusion
	References
Work Disability Risk Prediction with Text Classification of Medical Reports
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Data and Research Methods
		3.1 Data
		3.2 Machine Learning Solution
	4 Results
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusions
	References
A Comparison of LSTM and GRU for Bengali Speech-to-Text Transformation
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Background Analysis
		3.1 Gated Recurrent Unit
		3.2 Long Short Term Memory
		3.3 Confusion Matrix for Evaluating the Model:
	4 Methodology and Implementation
		4.1 Data Collection and Dataset
		4.2 Pre-processing
		4.3 Implementation
	5 Result Analysis
		5.1 Comparison Between GRU and LSTM
		5.2 LSTM Analysis and Hypothesis
		5.3 Benchmark Model Using Confusion Matrix
		5.4 Limitations
		5.5 Error Analysis and Hypothesis
	6 Conclusion
	References
Advanced Traffic Management System for Smart Cities
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 The Proposed Methodology
	4 The Performance Evaluation
	5 The Proposed Methodology
	6 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Explainability of Machine Learning in Work Disability Risk Prediction
	1 Introduction
	2 Explainable AI
	3 Explainability of ML Methods for Work Disability Risk Prediction
		3.1 Explainability of MPension
		3.2 Explainability of MHealth
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
A Power Efficient Solution to Determine Red Blood Cell Deformation Type Using Binarized DenseNet
	1 Introduction
	2 Background Study
		2.1 Literature Review
		2.2 Dataset Description
		2.3 Binarized Neural Network
	3 Proposed Model
	4 Result and Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Augmented Reality for Cognitive Impairment and Dementia
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Proposed System
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Enhancing the Tourism Experience Using Mobile Augmented Reality: Geo-Visualization Techniques
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 DVV Taxonomy
	4 System Classification and Evaluation
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Cybersecurity Engineering
A Taxonomy of Secure Data Transmission Techniques: Preventing Sybil Attacks in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Taxonomy for Sybil Attack Detection Techniques in VANET
	3 Taxonomy Classification, Evaluation, and Verification
	4 Discussion
	5 Future Works
	6 Conclusion
	References
Detecting Spyware in Android Devices Using Random Forest
	1 Introduction
	2 Background and Related Work
	3 Methodology
	4 Analysis and Discussion
	5 Conclusion, Future Work and Limitations
	References
Statistical Approaches to File Fragment Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
	3 Methodology and Design
		3.1 Data Source and Dataset
		3.2 Analysis
		3.3 Statistical Analysis
	4 Results and Evaluation
	5 Conclusion
	References
Analysis of Intrusion Detection Using Ensemble Stacking-Based Machine Learning Techniques in IoT Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Research Methodology
		3.1 Datasets
		3.2 Data Pre-processing
		3.3 Feature Selection
		3.4 Label Encoding
	4 Performance Evaluation
		4.1 Baseline Models
		4.2 Performance Metrics
		4.3 Simulation Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Smart Grid Security: A Systematic Literature Review
	1 Introduction and Research Background
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Research Protocol
		2.2 Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
		2.3 Quality Assessment
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Analysis of Malicious Intruder Threats to Data Integrity
	1 Introduction
	2 Background and Related Work
	3 Overview of Our Proposed Approach
	4 Conclusion
	References
A Review of Cybersecurity Advancements in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
	1 Introduction
	2 UAV Architecture
		2.1 Hardware Architecture
		2.2 Software Architecture
	3 Review on Vulnerability and Threat
		3.1 Communication
		3.2 GPS
		3.3 Lack of Encryption
		3.4 Access Point
	4 Review of Attacks
		4.1 Malware
		4.2 Access Point-Based Attack
		4.3 De-authentication Attack
		4.4 Injection Attack
		4.5 Man-in-the-Middle (MITM)
		4.6 Video Replay Attack
		4.7 SkyJack
		4.8 Denial of Service (DoS)
		4.9 P2P Network Attack
		4.10 Supply Chain Attack
	5 Countermeasures
		5.1 Blockchain
		5.2 Artificial Intelligence
		5.3 Software Defined Network (SDN)
		5.4 Zero-Sum Network Interdiction Game
		5.5 Two Key Agreement Protocol
		5.6 Cryptography
	6 Challenges and Future Opportunities
	7 Conclusion
	References
Open Voting Client Architecture and Op-Ed Voting for Secret Ballot Elections
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Our Contributions
	2 Voting System Requirements and Conflict Model
	3 Open Voting Client Architecture
		3.1 Architectural Comparisons
		3.2 Security Risks in Open Voting Client Architecture
	4 Op-Ed Voting Implementation
	5 Op-Ed Voting Static Security Analysis
		5.1 Assumptions
		5.2 Analysis
	6 Conclusions and Future Research Directions
	References
Mobile Cloud Computing
Mobility-Aware Workload Distribution and Task Allocation for Mobile Edge Computing Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Model Architecture and Problem Formulation
		3.1 Mobile Edge Network Architecture
		3.2 Energy Consumption and Task Delay
		3.3 Problem Formulation
	4 Proposed Algorithm
	5 Evaluation
	6 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
A Comparative Analysis of Performance and Usability on Serverless and Server-Based Google Cloud Services
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Google Cloud Services
		3.1 Cloud Run
		3.2 App Engine
		3.3 Compute Engine
	4 Performance Evaluation Methodology
	5 Results Evaluation
		5.1 Service Configuration, Pricing, and Features
		5.2 Performance of Application
		5.3 Limitation and Implication
	6 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Taxonomy of Green Mobile Cloud Computing for Multimedia Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Taxonomy of GMCC for Multimedia Applications
	4 GMCC Taxonomy Evaluation and Validation
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Enhanced Not Recently Used Algorithm for Cache Memory Systems in Mobile Computing
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Proposed Methodology
	4 Simulation Results
	5 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Cloud Resources Usage Prediction Using Deep Learning Models
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Method
		3.1 Recurrent Neural Networks Mathematical Models
		3.2 Stacked RNNs Models
		3.3 Encoder-Decoder Models
	4 Experiment and Results
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
A Light-Weight Real-Time Anomaly Detection Framework for Edge Computing
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 A Light-Weight Real-Time Anomaly Detection Framework
		3.1 ML-Based Anomaly Detection Trainer
		3.2 Real-Time Anomaly Detector
	4 Datasets
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Networking and Communication
Distributed TDMA for IoT Using a Dynamic Slot Assignment
	1 Introduction
	2 State of the Art
		2.1 Overview of TDMA-Dynamic-BSPS (Based on a Single Previous State)
		2.2 Distributed Version of Rand-DT and Rand-ST
	3 DD-TDMA-BSPS (Distributed Dynamic TDMA Based on a Single Previous State
		3.1 Routing Tree Construction
		3.2 TDMA Initialization
		3.3 Dynamic Allocation of Time Slots
	4 Simulation and Results
	5 Conclusion and Future Works
	References
Multi-objective VNF Placement Optimization with NSGA-III
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Problem Statement and Formulation
		3.1 Objectives
		3.2 Constraints
	4 The VNF-NSGA-III Algorithm: The VNF Scheduling Algorithm Based on NSGA-III Multi-objective Optimization (VNF-NSGA-III)
	5 Simulation and Experiment Results
		5.1 Setup
		5.2 Results
	6 Conclusions
	References
Vehicle Controller Area Network Inspection Using Recurrent Neural Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Data
		3.1 Data Preparation
	4 Payload Detection Classification
	5 Experimental Results
		5.1 Detecting the Classification of Entries
		5.2 Future Work and Developments
	6 Conclusion
	References
Evaluation of Human Immune-Based IDPS Under DoS/DDoS Attacks
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Proposed System
	4 Results
		4.1 Queue Size
		4.2 Latency
	5 Conclusions and Future
	References
Workshop: Diversified and IoT Applications of Cybersecurity
Detecting Phishing Websites Based on Machine Learning Techniques
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Dataset and Processing
		3.1 The Tools Required
		3.2 The Dataset Used
		3.3 Processing the Dataset for Five Features
		3.4 Processing the Data for Ten Features
	4 Creating the Machine Learning Model
	5 Creating the Extension
		5.1 Design Limitations
		5.2 Building the Extension and Website
	6 Testing the Extension
		6.1 Experimenting with URLs
		6.2 Results of Experimentation
	7 Future Work
		7.1 Potential Future
		7.2 Potential Shortcomings
	8 Conclusion
	References
A Survey on Drone Cybersecurity and the Application of Machine Learning on Threat Emergence
	1 Introduction
	2 Drone Vulnerabilities
	3 Machine Learning (ML)
	4 Covert Timing Channel (CTC)
	5 Conclusion
	References
Integrating Data-Driven Security, Model Checking, and Self-adaptation for IoT Systems Using BIP Components: A Conceptual Proposal Model
	1 Introduction
	2 Background and Related Work
	3 Conceptual Model: BIP-Based Model Checking and Self-adaptation Approaches
	4 Framework Prototype Implementations
	5 Conclusion
	References
Toward Secure and Efficient CNN Recognition with Different Activation and Optimization Functions
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Statement and Contributions
	3 Related Work
	4 Theory
		4.1 Overview of CNN
		4.2 Keras
		4.3 Gradient Descent Method
		4.4 Dropout Regularization Methods
		4.5 Activation Function
		4.6 Setting up the Optimizer and Annealing Function
		4.7 Softmax Regression Classifier
		4.8 Experimental Approach
		4.9 Dataset
		4.10 Pre-processing
		4.11 Convolutional Neural Network
		4.12 Optimization and Loss Functions
		4.13 Accuracy
	5 Experimental Results
	6 Comparison with Other Work
	7 Conclusion
	References
A Comparative Study of Secure and Efficient Data Duplication Mechanisms for Cloud-Based IoT Applications
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Overview of Deduplication
		1.2 Security in Data Deduplication
	2 Related Work
	3 Presented Techniques
		3.1 Message Digest Algorithm MD5
		3.2 Secure Hashing Algorithm
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion and Future work
	References
Ensuring Cybersecurity While Leveraging Social Media as a Data Source for Internet of Things Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Social Media as a Data Source for Internet of Things (IoT)
	3 Social Media Analytics
	4 Internet of Things
	5 The Impact of the Internet of Things on Social Media
	6 Social Media Analytics IoT Integration
	7 Three Ways IoT is Changing Social Media
	8 Methodology
	9 Experiments
	10 Conclusion
	References
Credit Card Fraud Detection Using Enhanced Random Forest Classifier for Imbalanced Data
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Related Work
		3.1 Research Gap
	4 Dataset
		4.1 Feature Selection
		4.2 Data Preprocessing
	5 Methodology
	6 Results and Discussions
		6.1 Experiment
		6.2 Metrics and Results
	7 Conclusion
	References
Utilizing Machine Learning Algorithms for Effectively Detection IoT DDoS Attacks
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Proposed Methodology
		3.1 Dataset
	4 Data Preprocessing
		4.1 Feature Selection Methods
	5 Experimental Results and Evaluation
		5.1 Evaluation Metrics
		5.2 Results and Discussion
		5.3 The Comparison Between This Study and Related Work
	6 Conclusion
	7 Future Work
	References
Towards Cyber Readiness Assessment in Rural Areas
	1 Introduction
	2 Research Design
		2.1 Cybersecurity Preparedness, Readiness and Awareness
		2.2 Attack Surface of Rural Areas and the Need for Continuous Monitoring
		2.3 Metrics Cyber Resiliency
		2.4 Local Versus Remote Cybersecurity Support for Rural Areas
		2.5 Incidence Response and Security Controls in Rural Areas
		2.6 Common Weaknesses and Vulnerabilities in Rural Areas
		2.7 Cybersecurity Readiness Models
		2.8 Cybersecurity Readiness Assessment Models
		2.9 Factors that Impact Cyber Readiness
		2.10 Cyber Readiness in Rural Communities
	3 Conclusion
	References
Detection of DDoS Attacks in Software Defined Networking Using Machine Learning Models
	1 Introduction
	2 Background and Related Works
		2.1 DDOS Attacks and Their Detection
		2.2 Related Work
	3 Dataset and ML Model
		3.1 Dataset
		3.2 Machine Learning Model
	4 Proposed Approach
		4.1 Machine Learning Approach
		4.2 CIC-DDOS2019 Dataset for Training Model
		4.3 Performance Measurements
	5 Result and Analysis
	6 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Posters Abstracts
Smart Product Recommendation System
Detection and Prediction of Epileptic Seizures Using Machine Learning Model
Author Index