Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Soft Computing and Pattern Recognition (SoCPaR 2022)

Preface
SoCPaR 2022 Organization
Contents
Soft Computing and Pattern Recognition
Multiple Vehicle Tracking Using Meanshift Algorithm and 8-point Connectivity
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Multiple Road-Objects Detection and Tracking for Autonomous Driving
		2.2 Automated Multi-object Tracking for Autonomous Vehicle Control in Dynamically Changing Traffic
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Objectives
		3.2 Specifications
		3.3 Architecture
		3.4 Block Diagram
		3.5 Mathematical Modelling
		3.6 Algorithm
	4 Implementation
		4.1 Platform Details
		4.2 Optimization of Algorithm
	5 Implementation Results
	6 Comparison Against Related Work
		6.1 Comparison Against Tracking Methods Using Sensors
		6.2 Comparison of Image Processing Algorithms Against Machine Learning
	7 Conclusion
	8 Future Scope
	References
Sexism Classification in Social Media Using Machine Learning Algorithms
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Dataset Identification
		3.2 Preprocessing
		3.3 Models
	4 Results
	5 Discussions and Conclusions
	References
Adaptable Fog Computing Framework for Healthcare 4.0
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Healthcare 4.0
		2.2 Integration of Fog Computing
	3 Comparisons
		3.1 Generations of Healthcare
		3.2 A Comprehensive Study of Healthcare
		3.3 Electronic Health Records
	4 Conclusion
	References
Artificial Intelligence for Detecting Prevalence of Indolent Mastocytosis
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Data Sets
		2.2 Methods
	3 Conclusions
	References
Solid Waste Management Using Deep Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Proposed Methodology
	4 Experimentation and Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
A Multi-stage Deep Model for Crop Variety and Disease Prediction
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Proposed Methodology
	4 Experimentation and Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Arabic Machine Translation Based on the Combination of Word Embedding Techniques
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Methodology
		2.1 Arabic Preprocessing
		2.2 C-BiLSTM Model
	3 Experimental Setup and Results
		3.1 Hyperparameters and Training Setup
		3.2 Combination of Word Embedding Techniques
		3.3 The Impact of Different RNN Variants on Arabic MT
		3.4 Comparison with the State-of-the-Art Works and Qualitative Evaluation
	4 Conclusion
	References
Fused Local Color Pattern (FLCP): A Novel Color Descriptor for Face Recognition
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Description of Descriptors
		3.1 MRELBP-NI
		3.2 6 × 6 MB-lBP
		3.3 RD-LBP
		3.4 Fused Local Color Pattern (FLCP)
	4 Experiments
		4.1 Dataset Specification
		4.2 Feature Size Details
		4.3 Accuracy Generation
		4.4 Accuracy Comparison with Methods from Literature
	5 Conclusion and Future Prospect
	References
Real-Estate Housing Market Analytics and Prediction Using Big Data for Post Pandemic Era
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Real-Time Applications
	2 Customer Support Analytics: A Game Changer for Real Estate Industry
	3 Literature Review
	4 Potentials of Big Data in Real-Estate Sector
		4.1 Methodology
	5 Performance Analysis
	6 Conclusion
	References
Design of a Cross Layer Intrusion Detection System for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks to Mitigate Black Hole Attack
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Architecture of the Proposed System
		3.1 Data Collection Module
		3.2 Fuzzy Logic
		3.3 Evidence Theory
		3.4 Response Module
	4 Simulation Parameters
	5 Results of the Simulation
	6 Conclusion
	References
A Survey on Ensemble Multi-label Classifiers
	1 Introduction
	2 Theories
		2.1 A Formal Definition of Ensemble Multi-label Classifiers
		2.2 Ensemble Multi-label Classifiers
	3 Taxonomies of Ensemble Multi-label Classifiers
	4 Multi-label Evaluation Metrics
	5 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Semantic Type Detection in Tabular Data via Machine Learning Using Semi-synthetic Data
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Machine Learning for Semantic Type Detection
	2 Data Generation
		2.1 Feature Extraction Process
		2.2 Method for Learning
	3 Experimental Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Handwritten Character Recognition Using Deep LSTM Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Proposed Architecture
		3.1 Preprocessing of Input Images
		3.2 Convolutional Neural Network
		3.3 Long Short Term Memory
		3.4 Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC)
	4 Experimental Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Two Phase Ensemble Learning Based Extractive Summarization for Short Documents
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Background Information
	4 Proposed Architecture
	5 Dataset Description and Metrics Used
	6 Experimental Results
	7 Comparative Analysis
	8 Conclusion and Future Works
	References
Spider Monkey Based K-Means Dynamic Collaborative Filtering for Movie Recommendation Systems
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Proposed System
		3.1 Preprocessing
		3.2 Rating Prediction
		3.3 DCF Item Based Collaborative Filtering
		3.4 Item Similarity Computation
		3.5 Prediction Computation Module
		3.6 Result Analysis Module
	4 Implementation Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Fuzzy Bi-GRU Based Hybrid Extractive and Abstractive Text Summarization for Long Multi-documents
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Proposed Architecture
		3.1 Pre-processing
		3.2 Feature Extraction
		3.3 Sentence Ranking Using Fuzzy Rule Based
		3.4 BiGRU Based Sentence Selection
		3.5 Summary Generation
	4 Dataset Description and Metrics for Evaluation
		4.1 Datasets
		4.2 Evaluation Metrics
	5 Experimental Results
		5.1 Qualitative Analysis
		5.2 Quantitative Analysis
	6 Comparative Analysis
	7 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
A Genomic Signal Processing-Based Coronavirus Classification Model Using Deep Learning with Web-Based Console
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Materials and Method
		3.1 Database Acquisition
		3.2 Encoding Schemes for the Genomic Sequences
		3.3 Deep Convolution Neural Network for Image Classification
		3.4 Development of Deep Learning Model
		3.5 Deployment on Web Application
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Study on Drowsiness Detection System Using Deep Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 General Architecture
		2.1 Image Acquisition
		2.2 Image Pre-processing and Face Detection
		2.3 Eye Detection and Mouth Extraction
	3 Classification
		3.1 Machine Learning Based Techniques
		3.2 Deep Learning-Based Techniques
	4 Validation and Testing
	5 Challenges and Issues
	6 Conclusion and Future Directions
	References
Convolutional Neural Networks for Crack Detection on Flexible Road Pavements
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Dataset
		3.2 Deep Learning Models
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Improving the Performance of Classification via Clustering on the Students’ Academic Performance using Stacking Algorithm
	1 Introduction
	2 Method
		2.1 Pre-processing Stage
		2.2 Processing Stage
		2.3 Post-processing Stage
	3 Result
		3.1 Data Description
		3.2 Classification via Clustering Evaluation
	4 Conclusion
	References
Deep Learning and Machine Learning-Based Lung Nodule Detection Systems – An Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 General Architecture
	3 Dataset
	4 Deep Learning and Machine Learning Models
	5 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Breast Cancer Classification Techniques – An Investigation
	1 Introduction
	2 Image Acquisition
	3 Pre-processing
	4 Feature Extraction
	5 Feature Selection
	6 Classification
	7 Conclusion and Future Directions
	References
A Study on Student Performance Prediction and Intervention Mechanisms in MOOC
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Objective
	2 Students’ Performance Prediction in MOOC
		2.1 Hybrid Approach for Constructing a Predictive Model in MOOC
	3 Intervention Mechanisms for Improving the Learning Mechanism in MOOC
	4 Conclusion and Future Research Directions
	References
Bi-stage QWOA-Based Efficient Feature Selection for Enhanced Depression Detection Based on Facial Cues
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Quantum Whale Optimization Algorithm (QWOA)
		2.2 Bi-stage QWOA Based Wrapper Approach
	3 Experiments and Discussion
		3.1 Depression Detection Performance Using Bi-stage QWOA
		3.2 Efficacy of the Proposed Method
		3.3 Statistical Analysis
		3.4 Comparison with State-of-the-Art
	4 Conclusion
	References
Some Cases of Prediction and Inference with Uncertainty
	1 Introduction
	2 Two Probability Puzzles
		2.1 Monty Hall Problem
		2.2 Allais Paradox
	3 Frequentists Null Hypothesis (Significance) Tests
	4 Bayesian Networks
		4.1 Bayesian Network Model Building
		4.2 Uncertainty of Predictive Probability: Simple Example
	5 Causal Prediction and Simpson\'s Paradox
	6 Conclusion
	References
Interpretable Approaches to Predict Evapotranspiration
	1 Introduction
	2 The Considered Approaches
		2.1 ANFIS with Fractional Regularization (ANFIS-T)
		2.2 Decision Trees
		2.3 Support Vector Regression
	3 Numerical Experiments
		3.1 Datasets
		3.2 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Deep Convolutional Neural Network Model for Classifying Alzheimer’s Disease
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Proposed System
	4 Experimental Results and Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Comparative Hybrid Deep Convolutional Learning Framework with Transfer Learning for Diagnosis of Lung Cancer
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Methods
		3.1 Hybrid Convolutional Deep Transfer Learning Architectures
		3.2 InceptionResNet-v2
	4 Experiments Evaluation
		4.1 Dataset
		4.2 Experimental Results of Modelling
		4.3 Hyper-parameters Analysis
	5 Conclusion with Future Scope
	References
Review of Supply Chain Management Operational Resilience, Risk, and Disruption in COVID-19 Pandemic
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Key Objectives
		1.2 Organization of This Paper
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Review Based on Supply Chain Risks
		2.2 Review Based on SC Disruption
		2.3 SC Resilience
		2.4 Supply Chain and systemic Threats in the context of pandemics
		2.5 Review Based on Optimization Methods of SCM
		2.6 Review Based on Unreliability of Supply Chain Management
		2.7 Review Based on Disruptions in Transaction/Business
	3 Conclusion
	References
Ear Images Classification Based on Data Augmentation and ResNeXt50
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Data Preparation
		3.1 EARVN1.0
		3.2 Data Augmentation
	4 Methods
		4.1 Handcraft
		4.2 Deep Learning
		4.3 Experiments
	5 Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Machine Learning Approaches for Crop Identification from Remote Sensing Imagery: A Review
	1 Introduction
	2 Conventional Machine Learning
		2.1 Support Vector Machine
		2.2 Random Forest
		2.3 Linear Discriminative Analysis
	3 Deep Machine Learning
		3.1 Multi-layer Perceptron
		3.2 Convolutional Neural Network
		3.3 Multi-temporal Learning
		3.4 Transfer Learning
	4 Identified Crops
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
An Analysis on Cognitive Radio Adhoc Networks: Categories, Problems, and Solutions
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Cognitive Radio Networks
		1.2 Routing
		1.3 Multicast Routing
		1.4 Channel Assignment
		1.5 Load Balancing
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Existing Works on Multicast Routing
		2.2 Existing Works on Route Recovery Mechanisms
		2.3 Existing Works on Channel Assignment
		2.4 Existing Works on Load Balancing
	3 Conclusion
	References
MPAA Rating Prediction Using Script Analysis for Movies Using Ensemble Modeling
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Data
	4 EDA
	5 Methodology
	6 Experiment
		6.1 Preprocessing Data
		6.2 Model and Training Details
	7 Discussion and Conclusion
	References
Emotion Recognition of Speech
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Dataset
		3.2 Feature Extraction
		3.3 Implementation Details
	4 Experimentation and Results
		4.1 Experiments
		4.2 Evaluation Metrics
	5 Results
	6 Conclusions and Note on Future Work
	References
Gender Identification of Silkworm Pupa and Automated Cocoon Cutting Machine for Benefiting the Sericulture Grainages in Karnataka
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Proposed System
		3.1 Cocoon Cutting Machine
		3.2 Gender Classification of Silkworm Pupa
	4 Results and Analysis
		4.1 Cocoon Cutting Machine
		4.2 Gender Classification of Pupa
	5 Conclusion
	References
Automated Alzheimer’s Disease Classification from Brain MRI Scans Using ConvNeXt and Ensemble of Machine Learning Classifiers
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Methodology
		3.1 ConvNeXt Architecture
		3.2 Stacknet
		3.3 Dataset
		3.4 Feature Selection
		3.5 Handling Imbalanced Class
	4 Implementation and Experimental Result
	5 Conclusion
	References
Deep Ensemble Architectures for Skin Lesion Detection
	1 Introduction
	2 Baseline Studies
		2.1 Classes of Skin Lesions
		2.2 Clinical Diagnosis Features
		2.3 Dermoscopic Image Datasets
	3 Automating Skin Lesion Detection
		3.1 Machine Learning (ML) Approaches
		3.2 Deep Learning (DL) Approaches
	4 Findings and Opportunities
	5 The Ensemble Experiment
	6 Conclusion
	References
Feature Selection Algorithms: A Comparative Study
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Foundations
		3.1 ROC-AUC Score
		3.2 Correlation
	4 Feature Selection Techniques
		4.1 Sequential Forward Selection
		4.2 Backward Elimination
		4.3 Recursive Feature Elimination
		4.4 Correlation Method
		4.5 ANOVA Method
	5 Data and Metrics
		5.1 Dataset
		5.2 Data Pre-processing
		5.3 Model Building
	6 Results
	7 Conclusion
	References
A Detailed Review on Reversible Data Hiding and Its Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Applications of RDH
	3 Related Works
	4 Major Research Challenges
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Piano Tune Generation Model Using Deep Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Computer-Based Music Generation Systems
	3 Materials and Methods
		3.1 Preparing the Dataset
		3.2 Dataset Preprocessing
		3.3 Bidirectional LSTM
		3.4 Music Generation
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
Retinal OCT Image Classification Based on CNN and Transfer Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Dataset
		3.2 Data Preprocessing
		3.3 Transfer Learning and Fine-Tuning
		3.4 Transfer Learning Models
		3.5 CNN Model
		3.6 Model Training
	4 Results
		4.1 Experimental Setup
		4.2 Evaluation Criteria
		4.3 Result Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Brain Tumor Classification Based on GAN and Semi-supervised Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Dataset
		3.2 GAN-Based Data Augmentation
		3.3 Proposed Classification Framework
	4 Results
		4.1 Generation of Brain Tumor Images
		4.2 Classification Performance
	5 Conclusion
	References
Content Based Fashion Image Retrieval Based on Recent Advances Deep Learning Approaches
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Data Preparation
	4 Methods
		4.1 Overview
		4.2 Experiments
	5 Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Features Extraction Based on Sota Models for Medicinal Plant Images Recognition
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Dataset
		3.2 Experimental Setup
	4 Experimental Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Blockchain Based Decentralized Certificate Management System Using Hyperledger Fabric
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Components of a Block
		1.2 Architecture and Life Cycle of Blockchain
		1.3 Blockchains Platforms and Languages Used
	2 Literature Survey
		2.1 Limitations with Conventional Certificates Storing Mechanism
		2.2 Blockchain for Certificate Management
		2.3 Existing Blockchains: Bitcoin, Ethereum and Multichain
		2.4 Comparison of Certificate Management Systems Based on Blockchain
	3 Proposed Model
		3.1 Phases in Hyperledger Fabric
		3.2 Benefits of Hyperledger Fabric
	4 Methodology
	5 Performance Evaluation
	6 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Object Detection: Literature Review
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
		2.1 Background
		2.2 Traditional Approaches of Object Detection
		2.3 Deep Neural Networks Based Approaches
	3 Discussions
		3.1 Comparison Between Histogram of Gradients and Scale Invariant Feature Transform
		3.2 Comparison Between Deep Neural Networks based Approaches
		3.3 Comparison Between Traditional and Deep Neural Networks based Approaches
	References
Machine Learning Techniques for the Diagnosis of Disc Disorders: Comparative Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Methodology
		2.1 Dataset
		2.2 Methods
	3 Evaluation Metrics
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
Machine Learning Based Software Effort Estimation of Suggestive Agile and Scrumban Methodologies
	1 Introduction
	2 Background of Research
	3 Critical Review of Literatures and Identification of Research Gaps
	4 Reasons for Adopting Agile from “A STATE Of Agile Survey 2011”
	5 Experimental Evaluation
	6 Methodology Adopted in the Execution of the Research
	7 Expected Outcome
	8 Results and Comparative Analysis
	References
Cost-Effective Water Pumps Applied for Biliary Surgery
	1 Introduction
	2 System Consideration
	3 Result and Analysis
	4 Conclusion and Discussion
	References
Classification of Brand Images Using Convolutional Neural Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Experimental Setup
		3.1 Environment Setup
		3.2 Dataset
		3.3 Model Configuration
		3.4 Model Architecture – Core Elements of All Three CNN Models
		3.5 CNN Architecture of the Final Model
	4 Experimental Results
		4.1 Training the Model
		4.2 Model Verification
		4.3 Discussion of Results
	5 Conclusions and Outlook
	References
Polynomial-Based Secret Audio Sharing Scheme with Smaller Share Dimensions and Authentication
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Method
	3 Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Rat Swarm Optimizer (RSO): A Novel Swarm Intelligence-Based Optimization Algorithm for Tackling Difficult Optimization Problems
	1 Introduction
	2 Rat Swarm Optimizer Algorithm (RSO)
		2.1 Motivation
		2.2 Optimization Algorithm and Mathematical Representation
	3 Computing Problems
		3.1 Time Complication
		3.2 Space Complication
	4 Rat Swarm Optimization for Designing of Engineering Problems
		4.1 Plan of Pressure Vessel
		4.2 Pattern Issues in Speed Reducing
	5 Conclusions
	References
SWLMIS: A Smart Farming with IoT
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed System
	3 Materials and Methods
		3.1 Water Level Monitoring Section
		3.2 Plant Irrigation Section
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Smart Riding with IoT Helmet: A Step Towards Road Safety
	1 Introduction
	2 Motivations and Problem Statement
	3 Investigation of Features
	4 System Design and Implementation
		4.1 Requirements for the Model
	5 Result and Discussion
	6 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
Assessing Bicep Curl Exercises by Human Pose Application: A Preliminary Study
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Empirical Evaluation
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion and Discussion
	References
Fused Local Pattern (FLP): A Novel Local Descriptor in Pose Variations
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Description of Descriptors
		3.1 MRELBP-NI
		3.2 RD-LBP
		3.3 MB-LBP
		3.4 FLP
	4 Experiments
		4.1 Dataset Description
		4.2 Feature Size Specifications
		4.3 Accuracy Formation
		4.4 Comparison of ACC with Literature Methods
	5 Conclusion with Future Prospect
	References
SMS Phishing Dataset for Machine Learning and Pattern Recognition
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Value of the Data
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Comprehensive Potentiality Maximization to Improve and Interpret Multi-Layered Neural Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Theory and Computational Methods
		2.1 Normal and Forced Potentiality Maximization
		2.2 Inner and Outer Potentiality Max
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Potentiality Computation
		3.2 Individual Outer Potentiality
		3.3 Collective Weights
		3.4 Correlation and Generalization
	4 Conclusion
	References
An Effective Logistics Network Design Using Donkey-Smugglers Optimization (DSO) Algorithm
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
		2.1 Logistics Network Design for Perishable Food Products
		2.2 Logistics Network Design for Dairy Products
		2.3 Logistics Network Design Using Fuzzy
		2.4 Logistics Network Design Using Optimization Techniques
	3 Proposed Methodology
		3.1 Problem Statement
		3.2 Proposed Method
	4 Results and Discussions
	5 Conclusions
	References
A Review of Deep Learning Methods in Cervical Cancer Detection
	1 Introduction
	2 Research Background
	3 Deep Learning in Cervical Cancer Detection
	4 Benchmark Datasets of Pap Smear Cell Images
		4.1 Herlev Dataset
		4.2 Mendeley LBC (Liquid Based Cytology) Dataset
		4.3 Sipakmed Dataset
	5 Methodology
		5.1 Pre Processing
		5.2 Segmentation
		5.3 Feature Selection and Extraction
		5.4 Classification
	6 Results
	7 Conclusion
	References
A Weighted Fuzzy Approach for Choosing Lean Manufacturing Tools Based on Their Effects on Sustainability
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Sustainability and Lean Manufacturing Integration
		2.2 Tools/Techniques Utilized for LM Sustainability
	3 A Brief Overview of BWM, TOPSIS, and Fuzzy Numbers
		3.1 Best-Worst Method (BWM)
		3.2 Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS)
		3.3 Triangular Fuzzy Number
	4 Criteria for the Selection of LM Tools
	5 Proposed Hybrid MCDM Model
		5.1 Determining Weights of the Criteria
		5.2 Ranking LM Tools
	6 Evaluation of the Suggested Model
		6.1 Case Study
		6.2 Weights of the Criteria
		6.3 LM Tool Ranking
	7 Conclusions
	References
Bidirectional LSTM and NLP Based Sentiment Analysis of Tweets
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Problem Affirmation
	4 Dataset, Preliminary Analysis, and Processing
		4.1 Dataset
		4.2 Putting the Datasets Through Some Preliminary Processing
	5 Model Implementations
	6 Performance Evaluation Metrics and Result Analysis
		6.1 Performance Evaluation Metrics
		6.2 Experimental Result Analysis
	7 Conclusion
	References
Red Blood Cells Classification with Sharpening Segmentation and Mask R-CNN
	1 Introduction
	2 Material and Methodologies
	3 Result and Discussions
	4 Conclusion
	References
A Machine Learning Approach to Image Inpainting
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Statement
	3 Literature Survey
	4 Proposed Solution
		4.1 Architecture
	5 Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Binary Whale Optimization Algorithm with Logarithmic Decreasing Time-Varying Modified Sigmoid Transfer Function for Descriptor Selection Problem
	1 Introduction
	2 New Variant of Binary Whale Optimization Algorithm (IBWOA-TV)
		2.1 Time-Varying Transfer Function
		2.2 Fitness Function
	3 Experimental Setup
		3.1 Dataset
		3.2 Parameter Setting
		3.3 Performance Measurement
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusions and Future Works
	References
A Hybrid Deep Learning Network for Skin Lesion Extraction
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Proposed Model
	4 Dataset
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
A Novel Framework for Multi-objective Optimization Problems
	1 Introduction
	2 Solution Techniques
		2.1 NSGA-II with DNG
		2.2 MMBO with DNG
		2.3 Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm 2 with DNG
		2.4 Pareto Simulated Annealing with DNG
		2.5 MHypEA
	3 Experimental Setup
		3.1 Performance Indicators
		3.2 Test Problems
		3.3 Parameter Tuning
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
AI Enabled Chat Bot for COVID’19
	1 Introduction
	2 The Designed Structure of AI Chat Bot Services
	3 The Implementation of AI Chat Bot Services
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Brain Computer Interface (BCI) Technology: A Neurological Restoration
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Brain Computer Interface (BCI)
		1.2 Electro Encephalogram (EEG)
		1.3 How Does a BCI Work?
	2 The BCI System: Steps
	3 Conclusion
	4 Future Work
	References
Nature and Bio-inspired Computing
Self-repair Embryonic Architecture with GA Evolved Configuration Data
	1 Introduction
	2 Embryonics Cell Architecture with CGP Decoder
	3 Implementation of Parallel GA for Configuration Data
	4 BIST and Self-Repair Design for Embryonic Cell
	5 Simulation Results
	6 Hardware Emulation of Design
	7 Conclusion
	References
From Data to Model: Evolutionary Learning with Generative Neural Systems
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Experimental Datasets
		2.2 Generic Generative Architecture
	3 Results
		3.1 Concept Learning with Minimal Generative Models
		3.2 Incremental Learning: Sparse Representations
		3.3 Incremental Learning: Handwritten Digits
	4 Evolutionary Learning
	5 Discussion
	References
Morphognostic Honey Bees Communicating Nectar Location Through Dance Movements
	1 Introduction
	2 Description
		2.1 Morphognosis Overview
		2.2 Honey Bees
	3 Results
		3.1 Artificial Neural Network
		3.2 Base Level Testing
		3.3 Test Flower and Bee Quantities
		3.4 Test Hidden Neurons
		3.5 Test Hive Size
		3.6 Recurrent Neural Network Performance
	4 Conclusion
	References
Prediction of Cement Compressive Strength Using Multi-scale Microstructural Images
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Cement Compressive Strength
		2.2 Deep Learning
	3 Method
		3.1 Framework
		3.2 Multi-scale Input
		3.3 Model
		3.4 Training
	4 Experiments
		4.1 Dataset
		4.2 Implement Details
		4.3 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Two-Way Integrated Communication System for the Deaf and Mute
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Data Set
		3.2 Data Pre-processing
		3.3 Interfacing
		3.4 Gesture Recognition and Speech API
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion and Future Works
	References
Self-organized Aggregation in Group of Robots with OpenAI-ES
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimentation
	3 Results Analysis
	4 Discussion and Conclusions
	References
Multi-agent Smart Parking System with Dynamic Pricing
	1 Introduction
	2 Agent Identification and Negotiation Protocol
	3 Intelligent Parking System Development
		3.1 Choosing a Parking Place
		3.2 Parking Guidance Place
		3.3 Reservation
	4 Model Formulation
	5 Numerical Results
		5.1 Road Traffic State
		5.2 Parking Lots Occupancy
		5.3 Parking Manager Turnover
		5.4 Travel Cost
	6 Conclusions and Discussion
	References
Deep Learning Applied to ERP in the Search for Spatial Intelligence Signatures
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Material and Methods
		3.1 Methodology
		3.2 Database
		3.3 Data Pre-processing
	4 Results and Discussions
	5 Conclusion and Future Directions
	References
Model-Free Neural Fault-Tolerant Control for Discrete-Time Unknown Nonlinear Systems
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Statement
	3 Application
		3.1 Neural Identifier
		3.2 Model-Free Fault Tolerant Controller
	4 Simulation Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Adaptive Synapse Adjustment and Decoding in Action-Prediction Cortical Learning Algorithm
	1 Introduction
	2 Cortical Learning Algorithm
		2.1 Predictor
		2.2 Algorithm
	3 Action-Prediction CLA (ACLA)
		3.1 Predictor
		3.2 Algorithm
	4 Proposed Adaptive ACLA
		4.1 Adaptive Synapse Adjustment (ASA)
		4.2 Adaptive Decode (AD)
	5 Experimental Setting
		5.1 Problem
		5.2 Algorithms
		5.3 Parameters
		5.4 Metric
	6 Experimental Results and Discussion
	7 Conclusions
	References
Slime Mould Algorithm for Solving Ambulance Dispatching Problem
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works and Problem Definition
	3 Proposed Approach
		3.1 Slime Mould Algorithm
		3.2 SMA for Ambulance Dispatching
	4 Experiments and Results
		4.1 Test Collection
		4.2 Comparison and Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Re-visiting Reservoir Computing Architectures Optimized by Evolutionary Algorithms
	1 Introduction
	2 Reservoir Computing Methods
		2.1 Context
		2.2 Recurrent Neural Networks
	3 Echo State Networks
		3.1 Model Specification
		3.2 ESN Variations
		3.3 Properties
	4 Applications of EAs in the RC Area
		4.1 What are the Global Parameters to be Optimized?
		4.2 Summary of the Literature
		4.3 Discussion About New Trends and Open Problems
	5 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Activity Recognition in Missing Data Scenario Using MICE Algorithm
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Methodology
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Multi-objective Harris Hawks Optimization for Optimal Emergency Vehicle Dispatching During a Pandemic
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Background
		3.1 Facility Location Problem
		3.2 Harris Hawks Optimization
	4 Multi-objective HHO for Emergency Vehicle Dispatching
		4.1 Solution Encoding
		4.2 Objective Function
		4.3 Updating the Allocations Using HHO
	5 Experiments
		5.1 Dataset
		5.2 Experimental Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Framework for Object Recognition and Detection for Blind Users Using Deep Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Objectives
	4 Problem Specifications
	5 Methodologies
	6 Proposed system
	7 Classification and Detection
	8 Results
	9 Conclusion
	References
Swasth: An Inverse Cooking Recipe Generation from Food Images
	1 Introduction
	2 Releated Work
	3 System Architecture
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Melanoma Cancer Detection Using Quaternion Valued Neural Network
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Complex-Value Neural Networks (CVNN)
	2 Convolution Neural Networks
	3 Quaternion-Valued Neural Networks
		3.1 Quaternion Algebra
	4 Experiments and Results
	5 Concluding Remarks and Future Works
	References
DTagRecPLS: Diversification of Tag Recommendation for Videos Using Preferential Learning and Differential Semantics
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Proposed System Architecture
	4 Implementation and Performance Evaluation and Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
SIMWIR: A Semantically Inclined Model for Annotations Based Web Image Recommendation Encompassing Integrative Intelligence
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Proposed Architecture
	4 Implementation and Performance Evaluation
	5 Conclusion
	References
Author Index