Principles & practice of physics

Cover......Page 1
 Brief Contents......Page 4
 About the Author......Page 5
 To the Student......Page 6
 To the Instructor......Page 7
 Acknowledgments......Page 11
 Detailed Contents......Page 13
 Chapter 1: Foundations......Page 20
  1.1 The scientific method......Page 21
  1.2 Symmetry......Page 23
  1.3 Matter and the universe......Page 25
  1.4 Time and change......Page 27
  1.5 Representations......Page 28
  1.6 Physical quantities and units......Page 33
  1.7 Significant digits......Page 36
  1.8 Solving problems......Page 39
  1.9 Developing a feel......Page 42
  Chapter Glossary......Page 46
 Chapter 2: Motion in One Dimension......Page 47
  2.1 From reality to model......Page 48
  2.2 Position and displacement......Page 49
  2.3 Representing motion......Page 51
  2.4 Average speed and average velocity......Page 53
  2.5 Scalars and vectors......Page 58
  2.6 Position and displacement vectors......Page 60
  2.7 Velocity as a vector......Page 64
  2.8 Motion at constant velocity......Page 65
  2.9 Instantaneous velocity......Page 67
  Chapter Glossary......Page 71
 Chapter 3: Acceleration......Page 72
  3.1 Changes in velocity......Page 73
  3.2 Acceleration due to gravity......Page 74
  3.3 Projectile motion......Page 76
  3.4 Motion diagrams......Page 78
  3.5 Motion with constant acceleration......Page 82
  3.6 Free-fall equations......Page 85
  3.7 Inclined planes......Page 88
  3.8 Instantaneous acceleration......Page 89
  Chapter Glossary......Page 93
 Chapter 4: Momentum......Page 94
  4.2 Inertia......Page 95
  4.3 What determines inertia?......Page 99
  4.4 Systems......Page 100
  4.5 Inertial standard......Page 105
  4.6 Momentum......Page 106
  4.7 Isolated systems......Page 108
  4.8 Conservation of momentum......Page 113
  Chapter Glossary......Page 119
 Chapter 5: Energy......Page 120
  5.1 Classification of collisions......Page 121
  5.2 Kinetic energy......Page 122
  5.3 Internal energy......Page 124
  5.4 Closed systems......Page 127
  5.5 Elastic collisions......Page 131
  5.6 Inelastic collisions......Page 134
  5.7 Conservation of energy......Page 135
  5.8 Explosive separations......Page 137
  Chapter Glossary......Page 139
 Chapter 6: Principle of Relativity......Page 140
  6.1 Relativity of motion......Page 141
  6.2 Inertial reference frames......Page 143
  6.3 Principle of relativity......Page 145
  6.4 Zero-momentum reference frame......Page 149
  6.5 Galilean relativity......Page 152
  6.6 Center of mass......Page 156
  6.7 Convertible kinetic energy......Page 161
  6.8 Conservation laws and relativity......Page 164
  Chapter Glossary......Page 166
 Chapter 7: Interactions......Page 167
  7.1 The effects of interactions......Page 168
  7.2 Potential energy......Page 171
  7.3 Energy dissipation......Page 172
  7.4 Source energy......Page 175
  7.5 Interaction range......Page 177
  7.6 Fundamental interactions......Page 179
  7.7 Interactions and accelerations......Page 183
  7.8 Nondissipative interactions......Page 184
  7.9 Potential energy near Earth’s surface......Page 187
  7.10 Dissipative interactions......Page 190
  Chapter Glossary......Page 194
 Chapter 8: Force......Page 195
  8.1 Momentum and force......Page 196
  8.2 The reciprocity of forces......Page 197
  8.3 Identifying forces......Page 199
  8.4 Translational equilibrium......Page 200
  8.5 Free-body diagrams......Page 201
  8.6 Springs and tension......Page 203
  8.7 Equation of Motion......Page 207
  8.8 Force of gravity......Page 210
  8.9 Hooke’s law......Page 211
  8.10 Impulse......Page 213
  8.11 Systems of two interacting objects......Page 215
  8.12 Systems of many interacting objects......Page 217
  Chapter Glossary......Page 220
 Chapter 9: Work......Page 221
  9.1 Force displacement......Page 222
  9.2 Positive and negative work......Page 223
  9.3 Energy diagrams......Page 225
  9.4 Choice of system......Page 227
  9.5 Work done on a single particle......Page 232
  9.6 Work done on a many-particle system......Page 235
  9.7 Variable and distributed forces......Page 239
  9.8 Power......Page 242
  Chapter Glossary......Page 244
 Chapter 10: Motion in a Plane......Page 245
  10.1 Straight is a relative term......Page 246
  10.2 Vectors in a plane......Page 247
  10.3 Decomposition of forces......Page 250
  10.4 Friction......Page 253
  10.5 Work and friction......Page 254
  10.6 Vector algebra......Page 257
  10.7 Projectile motion in two dimensions......Page 259
  10.8 Collisions and momentum in two dimensions......Page 261
  10.9 Work as the product of two vectors......Page 262
  10.10 Coefficients of friction......Page 267
  Chapter Glossary......Page 272
 Chapter 11: Motion in a Circle......Page 273
  11.1 Circular motion at constant speed......Page 274
  11.2 Forces and circular motion......Page 278
  11.3 Rotational inertia......Page 281
  11.4 Rotational kinematics......Page 283
  11.5 Angular momentum......Page 288
  11.6 Rotational inertia of extended objects......Page 293
  Chapter Glossary......Page 299
 Chapter 12: Torque......Page 300
  12.1 Torque and angular momentum......Page 301
  12.2 Free rotation......Page 304
  12.3 Extended free-body diagrams......Page 305
  12.4 The vectorial nature of rotation......Page 307
  12.5 Conservation of angular momentum......Page 312
  12.6 Rolling motion......Page 316
  12.7 Torque and energy......Page 321
  12.8 The vector product......Page 323
  Chapter Glossary......Page 326
 Chapter 13: Gravity......Page 327
  13.1 Universal gravity......Page 328
  13.2 Gravity and angular momentum......Page 333
  13.3 Weight......Page 336
  13.4 Principle of equivalence......Page 339
  13.5 Gravitational constant......Page 344
  13.6 Gravitational potential energy......Page 345
  13.7 Celestial mechanics......Page 348
  13.8 Gravitational force exerted by a sphere......Page 353
  Chapter Glossary......Page 355
 Chapter 14: Special Relativity......Page 356
  14.1 Time measurements......Page 357
  14.2 Simultaneous is a relative term......Page 360
  14.3 Space-time......Page 364
  14.4 Matter and energy......Page 369
  14.5 Time dilation......Page 374
  14.6 Length contraction......Page 379
  14.7 Conservation of momentum......Page 383
  14.8 Conservation of energy......Page 387
  Chapter Glossary......Page 392
 Chapter 15: Periodic Motion......Page 393
  15.1 Periodic motion and energy......Page 394
  15.2 Simple harmonic motion......Page 396
  15.3 Fourier’s theorem......Page 398
  15.4 Restoring forces in simple harmonic motion......Page 400
  15.5 Energy of a simple harmonic oscillator......Page 404
  15.6 Simple harmonic motion and springs......Page 408
  15.7 Restoring torques......Page 412
  15.8 Damped oscillations......Page 415
  Chapter Glossary......Page 418
 Chapter 16: Waves in One Dimension......Page 419
  16.1 Representing waves graphically......Page 420
  16.2 Wave propagation......Page 423
  16.3 Superposition of waves......Page 428
  16.4 Boundary effects......Page 430
  16.5 Wave functions......Page 435
  16.6 Standing waves......Page 440
  16.7 Wave speed......Page 443
  16.8 Energy transport in waves......Page 445
  16.9 The wave equation......Page 448
  Chapter Glossary......Page 451
 Chapter 17: Waves in Two and Three Dimensions......Page 452
  17.1 Wavefronts......Page 453
  17.2 Sound......Page 455
  17.3 Interference......Page 458
  17.4 Diffraction......Page 464
  17.5 Intensity......Page 467
  17.6 Beats......Page 470
  17.7 Doppler effect......Page 473
  17.8 Shock waves......Page 478
  Chapter Glossary......Page 481
 Chapter 18: Fluids......Page 482
  18.1 Forces in a fluid......Page 483
  18.2 Buoyancy......Page 488
  18.3 Fluid flow......Page 490
  18.4 Surface effects......Page 494
  18.5 Pressure and gravity......Page 501
  18.6 Working with pressure......Page 506
  18.7 Bernoulli’s equation......Page 510
  18.8 Viscosity and surface tension......Page 513
  Chapter Glossary......Page 519
 Chapter 19: Entropy......Page 520
  19.1 States......Page 521
  19.2 Equipartition of energy......Page 524
  19.3 Equipartition of space......Page 526
  19.4 Evolution toward the most probable macrostate......Page 528
  19.5 Dependence of entropy on volume......Page 533
  19.6 Dependence of entropy on energy......Page 538
  19.7 Properties of a monatomic ideal gas......Page 542
  19.8 Entropy of a monatomic ideal gas......Page 545
  Chapter Glossary......Page 547
 Chapter 20: Energy Transferred Thermally......Page 548
  20.1 Thermal interactions......Page 549
  20.2 Temperature measurement......Page 553
  20.3 Heat capacity......Page 556
  20.4 PV diagrams and processes......Page 560
  20.5 Change in energy and work......Page 566
  20.6 Isochoric and isentropic ideal gas processes......Page 568
  20.7 Isobaric and isothermal ideal gas processes......Page 570
  20.8 Entropy change in ideal gas processes......Page 574
  20.9 Entropy change in nonideal gas processes......Page 578
  Chapter Glossary......Page 580
 Chapter 21: Degradation of Energy......Page 581
  21.1 Converting energy......Page 582
  21.2 Quality of energy......Page 585
  21.3 Heat engines and heat pumps......Page 589
  21.4 Thermodynamic cycles......Page 594
  21.5 Entropy constraints on energy transfers......Page 599
  21.6 Heat engine performance......Page 602
  21.7 Carnot cycle......Page 606
  21.8 Brayton cycle......Page 608
  Chapter Glossary......Page 611
 Chapter 22: Electric Interactions......Page 612
  22.1 Static electricity......Page 613
  22.2 Electrical charge......Page 614
  22.3 Mobility of charge carriers......Page 617
  22.4 Charge polarization......Page 621
  22.5 Coulomb’s law......Page 625
  22.6 Forces exerted by distributions of charge carriers......Page 629
  Chapter Glossary......Page 633
 Chapter 23: The Electric Field......Page 634
  23.1 The field model......Page 635
  23.2 Electric field diagrams......Page 637
  23.3 Superposition of electric fields......Page 638
  23.4 Electric fields and forces......Page 641
  23.5 Electric field of a charged particle......Page 645
  23.6 Dipole field......Page 646
  23.7 Electric fields of continuous charge distributions......Page 648
  23.8 Dipoles in electric fields......Page 653
  Chapter Glossary......Page 657
 Chapter 24: Gauss’s Law......Page 658
  24.1 Electric field lines......Page 659
  24.2 Field line density......Page 661
  24.3 Closed surfaces......Page 662
  24.4 Symmetry and Gaussian surfaces......Page 664
  24.5 Charged conducting objects......Page 667
  24.6 Electric flux......Page 671
  24.7 Deriving Gauss’s Law......Page 673
  24.8 Applying Gauss’s Law......Page 675
  Chapter Glossary......Page 681
 Chapter 25: Work and Energy in Electrostatics......Page 682
  25.1 Electric potential energy......Page 683
  25.2 Electrostatic work......Page 684
  25.3 Equipotentials......Page 686
  25.4 Calculating work and energy in electrostatics......Page 690
  25.5 Potential difference......Page 693
  25.6 Electrostatic potentials of continuous charge distributions......Page 699
  25.7 Obtaining the electric field from the potential......Page 701
  Chapter Glossary......Page 703
 Chapter 26: Charge Separation and Storage......Page 704
  26.1 Charge separation......Page 705
  26.2 Capacitors......Page 707
  26.3 Dielectrics......Page 711
  26.4 Voltaic cells and batteries......Page 713
  26.5 Capacitance......Page 716
  26.6 Electric field energy and emf......Page 719
  26.7 Dielectric constant......Page 722
  26.8 Gauss’s law in dielectrics......Page 726
  Chapter Glossary......Page 728
 Chapter 27: Magnetic Interactions......Page 729
  27.1 Magnetism......Page 730
  27.2 Magnetic fields......Page 732
  27.3 Charge flow and magnetism......Page 734
  27.4 Magnetism and relativity......Page 737
  27.5 Current and magnetism......Page 742
  27.6 Magnetic flux......Page 744
  27.7 Moving particles in electric and magnetic fields......Page 746
  27.8 Magnetism and electricity unified......Page 750
  Chapter Glossary......Page 753
 Chapter 28: Magnetic Fields of Charged Particles in Motion......Page 754
  28.1 Source of the magnetic field......Page 755
  28.2 Current loops and spin magnetism......Page 756
  28.3 Magnetic dipole moment and torque......Page 758
  28.4 Ampèrian paths......Page 761
  28.5 Ampère’s law......Page 765
  28.6 Solenoids and toroids......Page 768
  28.7 Magnetic fields due to currents......Page 771
  28.8 Magnetic field of a moving charged particle......Page 774
  Chapter Glossary......Page 777
 Chapter 29: Changing Magnetic Fields......Page 778
  29.1 Moving conductors in magnetic fields......Page 779
  29.2 Faraday’s law......Page 781
  29.3 Electric fields accompany changing magnetic fields......Page 782
  29.4 Lenz’s law......Page 783
  29.5 Induced emf......Page 788
  29.6 Electric field accompanying a changing magnetic field......Page 792
  29.7 Inductance......Page 794
  29.8 Magnetic energy......Page 796
  Chapter Glossary......Page 799
 Chapter 30: Changing Electric Fields......Page 800
  30.1 Magnetic fields accompany changing electric fields......Page 801
  30.2 Fields of moving charged particles......Page 804
  30.3 Oscillating dipoles and antennas......Page 807
  30.4 Displacement current......Page 813
  30.5 Maxwell’s equations......Page 817
  30.6 Electromagnetic waves......Page 820
  30.7 Electromagnetic energy......Page 825
  Chapter Glossary......Page 829
 Chapter 31: Electric Circuits......Page 830
  31.1 The basic circuit......Page 831
  31.2 Current and resistance......Page 833
  31.3 Junctions and multiple loops......Page 835
  31.4 Electric fields in conductors......Page 838
  31.5 Resistance and Ohm’s law......Page 843
  31.6 Single-loop circuits......Page 847
  31.7 Multiloop circuits......Page 852
  31.8 Power in electric circuits......Page 857
  Chapter Glossary......Page 860
 Chapter 32: Electronics......Page 861
  32.1 Alternating currents......Page 862
  32.2 AC circuits......Page 864
  32.3 Semiconductors......Page 868
  32.4 Diodes, transistors, and logic gates......Page 870
  32.5 Reactance......Page 876
  32.6 RC and RLC series circuits......Page 881
  32.7 Resonance......Page 888
  32.8 Power in AC circuits......Page 890
  Chapter Glossary......Page 893
 Chapter 33: Ray Optics......Page 894
  33.1 Rays......Page 895
  33.2 Absorption, transmission, and reflection......Page 896
  33.3 Refraction and dispersion......Page 899
  33.4 Forming images......Page 903
  33.5 Snel’s law......Page 910
  33.6 Thin lenses and optical instruments......Page 913
  33.7 Spherical mirrors......Page 920
  33.8 Lensmaker’s formula......Page 923
  Chapter Glossary......Page 925
 Chapter 34: Wave and Particle Optics......Page 927
  34.1 Diffraction of light......Page 928
  34.2 Diffraction gratings......Page 930
  34.3 X-ray diffraction......Page 933
  34.4 Matter waves......Page 937
  34.5 Photons......Page 938
  34.6 Multiple-slit interference......Page 942
  34.7 Thin-film interference......Page 947
  34.8 Diffraction at a single-slit barrier......Page 949
  34.9 Circular apertures and limits of resolution......Page 950
  34.10 Photon energy and momentum......Page 954
  Chapter Glossary......Page 958
  Appendix A: Notation......Page 960
  Appendix B: Mathematics Review......Page 970
  Appendix C: SI Units, Useful Data, and Unit Conversion Factors......Page 976
  Appendix D: Center of Mass of Extended Objects......Page 980
  Appendix E: Derivation of the Lorentz Transformation Equations......Page 981
 Solutions to Checkpoints......Page 984
 Credits......Page 1046
 Index......Page 1048
 Cover......Page 1065
 Brief Contents......Page 1068
 Getting the Most Out of Practice......Page 1069
 Chapter 1: Practice Foundations......Page 1070
  Chapter Summary......Page 1072
  Review Questions......Page 1074
  Developing a Feel......Page 1075
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1076
  Questions and Problems......Page 1079
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1084
 Chapter 2: Practice Motion in One Dimension......Page 1085
  Chapter Summary......Page 1086
  Review Questions......Page 1087
  Developing a Feel......Page 1088
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1089
  Questions and Problems......Page 1095
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1102
 Chapter 3: Practice Acceleration......Page 1103
  Chapter Summary......Page 1104
  Review Questions......Page 1105
  Developing a Feel......Page 1106
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1107
  Questions and Problems......Page 1111
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1119
 Chapter 4: Practice Momentum......Page 1120
  Chapter Summary......Page 1121
  Review Questions......Page 1122
  Developing a Feel......Page 1123
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1124
  Questions and Problems......Page 1130
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1137
 Chapter 5: Practice Energy......Page 1138
  Chapter Summary......Page 1139
  Review Questions......Page 1140
  Developing a Feel......Page 1141
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1142
  Questions and Problems......Page 1149
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1154
 Chapter 6: Practice Principle of Relativity......Page 1155
  Chapter Summary......Page 1156
  Review Questions......Page 1158
  Developing a Feel......Page 1159
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1160
  Questions and Problems......Page 1166
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1173
 Chapter 7: Practice Interactions......Page 1174
  Chapter Summary......Page 1175
  Review Questions......Page 1177
  Developing a Feel......Page 1178
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1179
  Questions and Problems......Page 1186
  Answers to Review Questions......Page 1191
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1192
 Chapter 8: Practice Force......Page 1193
  Chapter Summary......Page 1194
  Review Questions......Page 1196
  Developing a Feel......Page 1197
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1198
  Questions and Problems......Page 1205
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1213
 Chapter 9: Practice Work......Page 1214
  Chapter Summary......Page 1215
  Review Questions......Page 1216
  Developing a Feel......Page 1217
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1218
  Questions and Problems......Page 1226
  Answers to Review Questions......Page 1232
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1233
 Chapter 10: Practice Motion in a Plane......Page 1234
  Chapter Summary......Page 1235
  Review Questions......Page 1237
  Developing a Feel......Page 1238
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1239
  Questions and Problems......Page 1248
  Answers to Review Questions......Page 1256
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1257
 Chapter 11: Practice Motion in a Circle......Page 1258
  Chapter Summary......Page 1259
  Review Questions......Page 1260
  Developing a Feel......Page 1261
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1262
  Questions and Problems......Page 1269
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1277
 Chapter 12: Practice Torque......Page 1278
  Chapter Summary......Page 1279
  Review Questions......Page 1281
  Developing a Feel......Page 1282
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1283
  Questions and Problems......Page 1290
  Answers to Review Questions......Page 1299
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1300
 Chapter 13: Practice Gravity......Page 1301
  Chapter Summary......Page 1302
  Review Questions......Page 1303
  Developing a Feel......Page 1304
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1305
  Questions and Problems......Page 1311
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1316
 Chapter 14: Practice Special Relativity......Page 1317
  Chapter Summary......Page 1318
  Review Questions......Page 1320
  Developing a Feel......Page 1321
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1322
  Questions and Problems......Page 1330
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1335
 Chapter 15: Practice Periodic Motion......Page 1336
  Chapter Summary......Page 1337
  Review Questions......Page 1340
  Developing a Feel......Page 1341
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1342
  Questions and Problems......Page 1347
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1354
 Chapter 16: Practice Waves in One Dimension......Page 1355
  Chapter Summary......Page 1356
  Review Questions......Page 1358
  Developing a Feel......Page 1359
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1360
  Questions and Problems......Page 1365
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1371
 Chapter 17: Practice Waves in Two and Three Dimensions......Page 1372
  Chapter Summary......Page 1373
  Review Questions......Page 1374
  Developing a Feel......Page 1375
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1376
  Questions and Problems......Page 1380
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1385
 Chapter 18: Practice Fluids......Page 1386
  Chapter Summary......Page 1387
  Review Questions......Page 1389
  Developing a Feel......Page 1390
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1391
  Questions and Problems......Page 1397
  Answers to Review Questions......Page 1405
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1406
 Chapter 19: Practice Entropy......Page 1407
  Chapter Summary......Page 1408
  Review Questions......Page 1410
  Developing a Feel......Page 1411
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1412
  Questions and Problems......Page 1416
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1423
 Chapter 20: Practice Energy Transferred Thermally......Page 1424
  Chapter Summary......Page 1425
  Review Questions......Page 1427
  Developing a Feel......Page 1428
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1429
  Questions and Problems......Page 1435
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1441
 Chapter 21: Practice Degradation of Energy......Page 1442
  Chapter Summary......Page 1443
  Review Questions......Page 1446
  Developing a Feel......Page 1447
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1448
  Questions and Problems......Page 1453
  Answers to Review Questions......Page 1460
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1461
 Chapter 22: Practice Electric Interactions......Page 1462
  Chapter Summary......Page 1463
  Review Questions......Page 1464
  Developing a Feel......Page 1465
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1466
  Questions and Problems......Page 1469
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1477
 Chapter 23: Practice The Electric Field......Page 1478
  Chapter Summary......Page 1479
  Review Questions......Page 1481
  Developing a Feel......Page 1482
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1483
  Questions and Problems......Page 1488
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1495
 Chapter 24: Practice Gauss’s Law......Page 1496
  Chapter Summary......Page 1497
  Review Questions......Page 1499
  Developing a Feel......Page 1500
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1501
  Questions and Problems......Page 1507
  Answers to Review Questions......Page 1516
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1517
 Chapter 25: Practice Work and Energy in Electrostatics......Page 1518
  Chapter Summary......Page 1519
  Review Questions......Page 1521
  Developing a Feel......Page 1522
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1523
  Questions and Problems......Page 1529
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1535
 Chapter 26: Practice Charge Separation and Storage......Page 1536
  Chapter Summary......Page 1537
  Review Questions......Page 1538
  Developing a Feel......Page 1539
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1540
  Questions and Problems......Page 1545
  Answers to Review Questions......Page 1550
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1551
 Chapter 27: Pactice Magnetic Interactions......Page 1552
  Chapter Summary......Page 1553
  Review Questions......Page 1555
  Developing a Feel......Page 1556
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1557
  Questions and Problems......Page 1563
  Answers to Review Questions......Page 1570
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1571
 Chapter 28: Practice Magnetic Fields of Charged Particles in Motion......Page 1572
  Chapter Summary......Page 1573
  Review Questions......Page 1575
  Developing a Feel......Page 1576
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1577
  Questions and Problems......Page 1584
  Answers to Review Questions......Page 1593
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1594
 Chapter 29: Practice Changing Magnetic Fields......Page 1595
  Chapter Summary......Page 1596
  Review Questions......Page 1597
  Developing a Feel......Page 1598
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1599
  Questions and Problems......Page 1607
  Answers to Review Questions......Page 1615
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1616
 Chapter 30: Practice Changing Electric Fields......Page 1617
  Chapter Summary......Page 1618
  Review Questions......Page 1619
  Developing a Feel......Page 1620
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1621
  Questions and Problems......Page 1627
  Answers to Review Questions......Page 1633
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1634
 Chapter 31: Practice Electric Circuits......Page 1635
  Chapter Summary......Page 1636
  Review Questions......Page 1638
  Developing a Feel......Page 1639
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1640
  Questions and Problems......Page 1648
  Answers to Review Questions......Page 1657
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1658
 Chapter 32: Practice Electronics......Page 1659
  Chapter Summary......Page 1660
  Review Questions......Page 1663
  Developing a Feel......Page 1664
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1665
  Questions and Problems......Page 1671
  Answers to Review Questions......Page 1679
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1680
 Chapter 33: Practice Ray Optics......Page 1681
  Chapter Summary......Page 1682
  Review Questions......Page 1685
  Developing a Feel......Page 1686
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1687
  Questions and Problems......Page 1694
  Answers to Review Questions......Page 1702
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1703
 Chapter 34: Practice Wave and Particle Optics......Page 1704
  Chapter Summary......Page 1705
  Review Questions......Page 1707
  Developing a Feel......Page 1708
  Worked and Guided Problems......Page 1709
  Questions and Problems......Page 1713
  Answers to Review Questions......Page 1719
  Answers to Guided Problems......Page 1720
  Appendix A: Notation......Page 1722
  Appendix B: Mathematics Review......Page 1732
  Appendix C: SI Units, Useful Data, and Unit Conversion Factors......Page 1738
 Answers to Selected Odd-Numbered Questions and Problems......Page 1742
 Credits......Page 1782