Principles of Spread-Spectrum Communication Systems

Contents......Page 8
Preface......Page 12
1.1 Block Codes......Page 14
Error Probabilities for Hard-Decision Decoding......Page 19
Error Probabilities for Soft-Decision Decoding......Page 25
Code Metrics for Orthogonal Signals......Page 31
Metrics and Error Probabilities for MFSK Symbols......Page 34
Chernoff Bound......Page 38
1.2 Convolutional Codes and Trellis Codes......Page 40
Trellis-Coded Modulation......Page 50
1.3 Interleaving......Page 52
1.4 Concatenated and Turbo Codes......Page 53
Classical Concatenated Codes......Page 54
Turbo Codes......Page 55
1.5 Problems......Page 65
1.6 References......Page 66
2.1 Definitions and Concepts......Page 68
Random Binary Sequence......Page 71
Shift-Register Sequences......Page 73
Periodic Autocorrelations......Page 78
Polynomials over the Binary Field......Page 83
Long Nonlinear Sequences......Page 87
2.3 Systems with PSK Modulation......Page 90
Tone Interference at Carrier Frequency......Page 93
General Tone Interference......Page 94
Gaussian Interference......Page 96
2.4 Quaternary Systems......Page 99
2.5 Pulsed Interference......Page 104
2.6 Despreading with Matched Filters......Page 113
Noncoherent Systems......Page 119
Multipath-Resistant Coherent System......Page 122
2.7 Rejection of Narrowband Interference......Page 126
Time-Domain Adaptive Filtering......Page 127
Transform-Domain Processing......Page 130
Nonlinear Filtering......Page 132
Adaptive ACM filter......Page 136
2.8 Problems......Page 138
2.9 References......Page 140
3.1 Concepts and Characteristics......Page 142
MFSK......Page 147
Soft-Decision Decoding......Page 149
Narrowband Jamming Signals......Page 154
Other Modulations......Page 155
Hybrid Systems......Page 164
3.3 Codes for Partial-Band Interference......Page 165
Reed-Solomon Codes......Page 167
Turbo Codes......Page 174
Direct Frequency Synthesizer......Page 179
Digital Frequency Synthesizer......Page 180
Indirect Frequency Synthesizers......Page 183
3.5 Problems......Page 189
3.6 References......Page 190
4.1 Acquisition of Spreading Sequences......Page 194
Matched-Filter Acquisition......Page 197
4.2 Serial-Search Acquisition......Page 198
Uniform Search with Uniform Distribution......Page 203
Consecutive-Count Double-Dwell System......Page 204
Up-Down Double-Dwell System......Page 205
Penalty Time......Page 206
Other Search Strategies......Page 207
Alternative Analysis......Page 210
4.3 Acquisition Correlator......Page 214
4.4 Code Tracking......Page 222
Matched-Filter Acquisition......Page 227
Serial-Search Acquisition......Page 234
Tracking System......Page 239
4.6 Problems......Page 241
4.7 References......Page 242
5.1 Path Loss, Shadowing, and Fading......Page 244
5.2 Time-Selective Fading......Page 246
Fading Rate and Fade Duration......Page 253
Spatial Diversity and Fading......Page 254
5.3 Frequency-Selective Fading......Page 256
Channel Impulse Response......Page 258
Optimal Array......Page 260
Maximal-Ratio Combining......Page 264
Bit Error Probabilities for Coherent Binary Modulations......Page 266
Equal-Gain Combining......Page 274
Selection Diversity......Page 283
5.5 Rake Receiver......Page 288
5.6 Error-Control Codes......Page 294
Diversity and Spread Spectrum......Page 302
5.7 Problems......Page 303
5.8 References......Page 304
6 Code-Division Multiple Access......Page 306
6.1 Spreading Sequences for DS/CDMA......Page 307
Orthogonal Sequences......Page 308
Sequences with Small Cross-Correlations......Page 310
Symbol Error Probability......Page 314
Complex-Valued Quaternary Sequences......Page 315
Direct-Sequence Systems with PSK......Page 319
Quadriphase Direct-Sequence Systems......Page 327
6.3 Wideband Direct-Sequence Systems......Page 330
Multicarrier Direct-Sequence System......Page 331
Single-Carrier Direct-Sequence System......Page 334
Multicarrier DS/CDMA System......Page 337
6.4 Cellular Networks and Power Control......Page 339
Intercell Interference of Uplink......Page 342
Outage Analysis......Page 346
Local-Mean Power Control......Page 349
Bit-Error-Probability Analysis......Page 353
Impact of Doppler Spread on Power-Control Accuracy......Page 356
Downlink Power Control and Outage......Page 360
6.5 Multiuser Detectors......Page 362
Optimum Detectors......Page 363
Decorrelating detector......Page 365
Minimum-Mean-Square-Error Detector......Page 369
Interference Cancellers......Page 371
Asynchronous FH/CDMA Networks......Page 375
Mobile Peer-to-Peer and Cellular Networks......Page 379
Peer-to-Peer Networks......Page 381
Cellular Networks......Page 385
6.7 Problems......Page 395
6.8 References......Page 397
Ideal Detection......Page 400
Radiometer......Page 403
Ideal Detection......Page 411
Channelized Radiometer......Page 414
7.3 Problems......Page 420
7.4 References......Page 421
A.1 Jensen’s Inequality......Page 422
A.2 Chebyshev’s Inequality......Page 423
Appendix B Adaptive Filters......Page 426
C.1 Bandpass Signals......Page 430
C.2 Stationary Stochastic Processes......Page 432
Power Spectral Densities of Communication Signals......Page 436
C.3 Sampling Theorems......Page 437
C.4 Direct-Conversion Receiver......Page 439
D.1 Chi-Square Distribution......Page 444
D.2 Central Chi-Square Distribution......Page 446
D.3 Rice Distribution......Page 447
D.4 Rayleigh Distribution......Page 448
D.5 Exponentially Distributed Random Variables......Page 449
C......Page 452
E......Page 453
M......Page 454
P......Page 455
T......Page 456
W......Page 457