Principles and Practice of Endocrinology and Metabolism

Front Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Editors
Contributing Authors
Preface
Preface to the First Edition
Contents
I: General Principles of Endocrinology (Becker)
	1: Endocrinology and the Endocrine Patient (Becker, Nylen, & Snider)
	2: Molecular Biology: Present and Future (Hussain & Habener)
	3: Biosynthesis and Secretion of Peptide Hormones (Chin)
	4: Hormonal Action (Granner)
	5: Feedback Control in Endocrine Systems (Darlington & Dallman)
	6: Endocrine Rhythms (van Cauter)
	7: Growth and Development in the Normal Infant and Child (August)
II: The Endocrine Brain and Pituitary Gland
	8: Morphology of the Endocrine Brain, Hypothalamus, and Neurohypophysis (Sladek & Sladek)
	9: Physiology and Pathophysiology of the Endocrine Brain and Hypothalamus (Cooper)
	10: Pineal Gland (Reiter)
	11: Morphology of the Pituitary in Health and Disease (Thapar, Kovacs, & Horvath)
	A: Adenohypophysis
		12: Growth Hormone and its Disorders (Baumann)
		13: Prolactin and its Disorders (Katznelson & Klibanski)
		14: Adrenocorticotropin: Physiology and Clinical Aspects (Torpy & Jackson)
		15: Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and its Disorders (Cohen)
		16: Pituitary Gonadotropins and their Disorders (Bremner, Huhtaniemi, & Amory)
		17: Hypopituitarism (Pinzone)
		18: Hypothalamic and Pituitary Disorders in Infancy and Childhood (Rogol)
		19: The Optic Chiasm in Endocrinologic Disorders (Siatkowski & Glaser)
		20: Diagnostic Imaging of the Sellar Region (Bourekas, Oehler, & Chakeres)
		21: Medical Treatment of Pituitary Tumors and Hypersecretory States (Sarne)
		22: Radiotherapy of Pituitary-Hypothalamic Tumors (Mehta)
		23: Neurosurgical Management of Pituitary-Hypothalamic Neoplasms (Baskin)
		24: Pituitary Tumors: Overview of Therapeutic Options (Chanson)
	B: Neurohypophysial System
		25: Physiology of Vasopressin, Oxytocin, and Thirst (Robertson)
		26: Diabetes Insipidus and Hyperosmolar Syndromes (Baylis & Thompson)
		27: Inappropriate Antidiuresis and Other Hypoosmolar States (Verbalis)
III: The Thyroid Gland (Wartofsky)
	28: Approach to the Patient with Thyroid Disease (Wartofsky)
	29: Morphology of the Thyroid Gland (Livolski)
	30: Thyroid Physiology: Synthesis and Release, Iodine Metabolism, Binding and Transport (Reed)
	31: Thyroid Physiology: Hormone Action, Receptors, and Postreceptor Events (Yen)
	32: Thyroid Hormone Resistance Syndromes (Usala)
	33: Thyroid Function Tests (Smallridge)
	34: Thyroid Uptake and Imaging (Sarker & Becker)
	35: Thyroid Sonography, Computed Tomography, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Blum)
	36: Abnormal Thyroid Function Test Results in Euthyroid Persons (Burch)
	37: Adverse Effects of Iodide (Nuovo & Wartofsky)
	38: Nontoxic Goiter (Davis & Davis)
	39: The Thyroid Nodule (Wartofsky & Ahmann)
	40: Thyroid Cancer (Mazzaferri)
	41: Unusual Thyroid Cancers (Ringel)
	42: Hyperthyroidism (Burman)
	43: Endocrine Ophthalmopathy (Alper & Wartofsky)
	44: Surgery of the Thyroid Gland (Kaplan)
	45: Hypothyroidism (Shapiro & Surks)
	46: Thyroiditis (Jackson & Hennessey)
	47: Thyroid Disorders of Infancy and Childhood (Hung)
IV: Calcium and Bone Metabolism (Bilezikian)
	48: Morphology of the Parathyroid Glands (Livolsi)
	49: Physiology of Calcium Metabolism (Brown)
	50: Physiology of Bone (Raisz)
	51: Parathyroid Hormone (Goltzmann & Hendy)
	52: Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein (Strewler)
	53: Calcitonin Gene Family of Peptides (Becker et al.)
	54: Vitamin D (Clemens & O\'Riordan)
	55: Bone Quantification and Dynamics of Turnover (Dempster & Shane)
	56: Markers of Bone Metabolism (Seibel, Robins, & Bilezikian)
	57: Clinical Application of Bone Mineral Density Measurements (Miller, Erickson, & Zapalowski)
	58: Primary Hyperparathyroidism (Silverberg & Bilezikian)
	59: Nonparathyroid Hypercalcemia (Stewart)
	60: Hypoparathyroidism and Other Causes of Hypocalcemia (Jan de Beur, Streeten, & Levine)
	61: Renal Osteodystrophy (Martin, Gonzalez, & Slatopolsky)
	62: Surgery of the Parathyroid Glands (Doherty & Wells)
	63: Osteomalacia and Rickets (Bell)
	64: Osteoporosis (Lindsay & Cosman)
	65: Paget Disease of Bone (Siris)
	66: Rare Disorders of Skeletal Formation and Homeostasis (Whyte)
	67: Diseases of Abnormal Phosphate Metabolism (Drezner)
	68: Magnesium Metabolism (Rude)
	69: Nephrolithiasis (Favus & Coe)
	70: Disorders of Calcium and Bone Metabolism in Infancy and Childhood (Carpenter)
V: The Adrenal Glands (Loriaux)
	71: Morphology of the Adrenal Cortex and Medulla (O\'Brien)
	72: Synthesis and Metabolism of Corticosteroids (White)
	73: Corticosteroid Action (White)
	74: Tests of Adrenocortical Function (Loriaux)
	75: Cushing Syndrome (Schteingart)
	76: Adrenocortical Insufficiency (Loriaux)
	77: Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (Speiser)
	78: Corticosteroid Therapy (Axelrod)
	79: Renin-Angiotensin System And Aldosterone (Corry & Tuck)
	80: Hyperaldosteronism (Gill)
	81: Hypoaldosteronism (Melby)
	82: Endocrine Aspects of Hypertension (Corry & Tuck)
	83: Adrenocortical Disorders in Infancy and Childhood (Rosenfield & Ke-Nan Qin)
	84: The Incidental Adrenal Mass (Loriaux)
	85: Physiology of the Adrenal Medulla and the Sympathetic Nervous System (Goldstein)
	86: Pheochromocytoma and Other Diseases of the Sympathetic Nervous System (Keiser)
	87: Adrenomedullary Disorders of Infancy and Childhood (Hung)
	88: Diagnostic Imaging of the Adrenal Glands (Miller)
	89: Surgery of the Adrenal Glands (Peplinski & Norton)
VI: Sex Determination and Development (Rebar & Bremner)
	90: Normal and Abnormal Sexual Differentiation and Development (Simpson & Rebar)
	91: Physiology of Puberty (Lee)
	92: Precocious and Delayed Puberty (Walvoord, Waguespack, & Pescovitz)
	93: Micropenis, Hypospadias, and Cryptorchidism in Infancy and Childhood (Hung)
VII: Endocrinology of the Female (Rebar)
	94: Morphology and Physiology of the Ovary (Erickson & Schreiber)
	95: The Normal Menstrual Cycle and the Contrl of Ovulation (Rebar, Hodgen, & Zinger)
	96: Disorders of Menstruation, Ovulation, and Sexual Response (Rebar)
	97: Ovulation Induction (Thomas)
	98: Endometriosis (Barbieri)
	99: Premenstrual Syndrome (Reid & Fretts)
	100: Menopause (Walsh & Schiff)
	101: Hirsutism, Alopecia, and Acne (Carmina & Lobo)
	102: Functioning Tumors and Tumor-Like Conditions of the Ovary (Yeh, Zaloudek, & Kurman)
	103: The Differential Diagnosis of Female Infertility (Ory & Barrionuevo)
	104: Female Contraception (Goldberg & Darney)
	105: Complications and Side Effects of Steroidal Contraception (Goldberg & Darney)
	106: Morphology of the Normal Breast, its Hormonal Control, and Pathophysiology (Blackwell)
	107: Conception, Implantation, and Early Development (Iannaccone, Walterhouse, & Pfendler)
	108: The Maternal-Fetal-Placental Unit (Carr)
	109: Endocrinology of Parturition (Challis)
	110: Endocrine Disease of Pregnancy (Molitch)
	111: Trophoblastic Tissue and its Abnormalities (Kaplan)
	112: Endocrinology of Trophoblastic Tissue (Lei & Rao)
VIII: Endocrinology of the Male (Bremner)
	113: Morphology and Physiology of the Testis (de Kretser)
	114: Evaluation of Testicular Function (Winters)
	115: Male Hypogonadism (Plymate)
	116: Testicular Dysfunction in Systemic Disease (Baker)
	117: Erectile Dysfunction (Cunningham & Hirshkowitz)
	118: Male Infertility (Clark)
	119: Clinical Use and Abuse of Androgens and Antiandrogens (Matsumoto)
	120: Gynecomastia (Glass)
	121: Endocrine Aspects of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (Miller & Ellis)
	122: Testicular Tumors (Skakkebaek & Rorth)
	123: Male Contraception (Amory & Bremner)
IX: Disorders of Fuel Metabolis (Kahn)
	A: Food and Energy
		124: Principles of Nutritional Management (Durschlag & Smith)
		125: Appetite (Hirschberg)
		126: Obesity (Hirsch, Salans, & Aronne)
		127: Starvation (MacDonald & Smith)
		128: Anorexia Nervosa and Other Eating Disorders (Warren & Locke)
		129: Fuel Homeostasis and Intermediary Metabolism of Carbohydrate, Fat, and Protein (Ruderman, Tornheim, & Goodman)
		130: Vitamins: Hormonal and Metabolic Interrelationships (Abou-Saif & Lipman)
		131: Trace Minerals: Hormonal and Metabolic Interrelationships (Lindeman)
		132: Exercise: Endocrine and Metabolic Effects (Leblanc)
	B: Diabetes Mellitus
		133: Morphology of the Endocrine Pancreas (Bonner-Weir)
		134: Islet Cell Hormones: Production and Degradaation (Weir & Halban)
		135: Glucose Homeostasis and Insulin Action (Kahn)
		136: Classification, Diagnostic Tests, and Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (Eisenbarth)
		137: Etiology and Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Related Disorders (Kahn)
		138: Natural History of Diabetes Mellitus (Krolewski & Warram)
		139: Secondary Forms of Diabetes Mellitus (Catanese & Kahn)
		140: Evaluation of Metabolic Control in Diabetes (Goldfine)
		141: Diet and Exercise in Diabetes (Gnda)
		142: Oral Agentss for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Goldfine & Maratos-Flier)
		143: Insulin Therapy and its Complications (Weir)
		144: Pancreas and islet Transplantation (Weir)
		145: Syndrome X (Reaven)
		146: Syndromes of Extreme Insulin Resistance (Flier & Mantzoros)
		147: Cardiovascular Complications of Diabetes Mellitus (Hehenberger & King)
		148: Diabetic Neuropathy (Feldman et al.)
		149: Gastrointestinal Complications of Diabetes (Gordon & Falchuk)
		150: Diabetic Nephropathy (Defronzo)
		151: Diabetes and the Eye (Rand)
		152: Diabetes and Infection (Eliopoulos)
		153: Diabetes and the Skin (Tanenberg & Eastman)
		154: The Diabetic Foot (Gibbons)
		155: Diabetic Acidosis, Hyperosmolar Coma, and Lactic Acidosis (George & Alberti)
		156: Diabetes Mellitus and Pregnancy (Jovanovic)
		157: Diabetes Mellitus in the Infant and Child (Becker & Drash)
	C: Hypoglycemia
		158: Hypoglycemic Disorders in the Adult (Comi & Gorden)
		159: Localization of Islet Cell Tumors (Miller)
		160: Surgery of the Endocrine Pancreas (White)
		161: Hypoglycemia of Infancy and Childhood (Wolfsdorf & Korson)
	D: Lipid Metabolism
		162: Biochemistry and Physiology of Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism (Mahley)
		163: Lipoprotein Disorders (Schaefer)
		164: Treatment of the Hyperlipoproteinemias (Larosa)
		165: Endocrine Effects on Lipids (Ginsberg, Goldberg, & Tuck)
		166: Lipid Abnormalities in Diabetes Mellitus (Ratner, Howard, & Howard)
X: Diffuse Hormonal Secretion (Nylen)
	167: General Characteristics of Diffuse Peptide Hormone Systems (Rehfeld)
	168: Endogenous Opioid Peptides (Cox & Mueller)
	169: Somatostatin (Patel)
	170: Kinins (Regoli)
	171: Substance P and the Tachykinins (Aronin)
	172: Prostaglandins, Thromboxanes, and Leukotrienes (Robertson)
	173: Growth Factors and Cytoskines (Leroith & Blakesley)
	174: Compendium of Growth Factors and Cytokines (Aggarwal)
	175: The Diffuse Neuroendocrine System (Nylen & Becker)
	176: The Endocrine Brain (Kastin et al.)
	177: The Endocrine Lung (Becker)
	178: The Endocrine Heart (Rademaker & Espiner)
	179: The Endocrine Endothelium (Cosentino & Lüscher)
	180: The Endocrine Blood Cells (Dave & Müller)
	181: The Endocrine Mast Cell (Wasserman)
	182: The Endocrine Enteric System (Holst)
	183: The Endocrine Kidney (Dubrow & Desimone)
	184: The Endocrine Genitourinary Tract (Fahrenkrug & Gras)
	185: The Endocrine Skin (Pittelkow)
	186: The Endocrine Adipocyte (Ahima & Flier)
XI: Heritable Abnormalities of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Becker)
	187: Inheritance Patterns of Endocrinologic and Metabolic Disorders (Schimke)
	188: Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (Sizemore)
	189: Heritable Disorders of Collagen and Fibrillin (Byers)
	190: Heritable Diseases of Lysosomal Storage (Cohen)
	191: Heritable Diseases of Amino-Acid Metabolism (Stern & Finkelstein)
	192: Heritable Diseases of Purine Metabolism (Holmes & Nashel)
XII: Immunologic Basis of Endocrine Disorders (Wartofsky)
	193: The Endocrine Thymus (Goldstein & Hall)
	194: Immunogenetics, the Human Leukocyte Antigen System, and Endocrine Disease (Baker)
	195: T Cells in Endocrine Disease (Weetman)
	196: B Cells and Autoantibodies in Endocrine DIsease (McGregor)
	197: The Immune System and it Role in Endocrine Function (Volpe)
XIII: Endocrine and Metabolic Dysfunction in the Growing Child and in the Aged (Hung)
	198: Short Stature and Slow Growth in the Young (Aceto et al.)
	199: Endocrinology and Aging (Gruenewald & Matsumoto)
XIV: Interrelationships Between Hormones and the Body (Becker)
	200: Cerebral Effects of Endocrine Disease (Leigh)
	201: Psychiatric-Hormonal Interrelationships (Kling et al.)
	202: Respiration and Endocrinology (Rohatgi & Becker)
	203: The Cardiovascular System and Endocrine Disease (Seely & Williams)
	204: Gastrointestinal Manifestations of Endocrine Disease (Halline)
	205: The Liver and Endocrine Function (de Maria, Colantoni, & van Thiel)
	206: Effects of Nonrenal Hormones on the Normal Kidney (Kimmel, Rivera, & Khatri)
	207: Renal Metabolism of Hormones (Rabkin & Hausmann)
	208: Effects of Endocrine Disease on the Kidney (Kelepouris & Agus)
	209: Endocrine Dysfunction Due to Renal Disease (Mooradian)
	210: Neuromuscular Manifestations of Endocrine Disease (Layzer & Abrams)
	211: Rheumatic Manifestations of Endocrine Disease (Nashel)
	212: Hematologic Endocrinology (Luksenburg, Goldberg, & Kessler)
	213: Infectious Diseases and Endocrinology (Tuazon & Migueles)
	214: Endocrine Disorders in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection (Migueles & Tuazon)
	215: The Eye in Endocrinology (Oppenheim & Mathers)
	216: Otolaryngology and Endocrine Disease (Harner)
	217: Dental Aspects of Endocrinology (Redman)
	218: The Skin and Endocrine Disorders (Fine, Nasir, & Becker)
XV: Hormones and Cancer (Becker)
	219: Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromes (Becker & Silva)
	220: Endocrine Tumors of the Gastrointestinal Tract (Taheri, Meeran, & Bloom)
	221: Carcinoid Tumor and the Carcinoid Syndrome (Maton)
	222: Hormones and Carcinogenesis: Laboratory Studies (Li & Li)
	223: Sex Hormones and Carcinogenesis: Epidemiology (Hoover)
	224: Endocrine Treatment of Breast Cancer (Hortobagyi)
	225: Endocrine Aspects of Prostate Cancer (Moon & Logethetis)
	226: Endocrine Consequences of Cancer Therapy (Bajorunas)
XVI: Endocrinology of Critical Illness (Nylen)
	227: Critical Illness and Systemic Inflammation (Zaloga, Bhatt, & Marik)
	228: Endocrine Markers and Mediators in Critical Illness (Alarifi et al.)
	229: The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Stress and Critical Illness (Bornstein & Chrousos)
	230: Neuroendocrine Response to Acute Versus Prolonged Critical Illness (van den Berghe)
	231: Fuel Metabolism and Nutrient Delivery in Critical Illness (Ziegler)
	232: Endocrine Therapeutics in Critical Illness (Nylen et al.)
XVII: Endocrine and Metabolic Effects of Toxic Agents (Becker)
	233: Endocrine-Metabolic Effects of Alcohol (Noth & Swislocki)
	234: Metabolic Effects of Tobacco, Cannabis, and Cocaine (Silva)
	235: Environmental Factors and Toxins and Endocrine Function (Welch)
XVIII: Endocrine Drugs and Values (Becker)
	236: Compendium of Endocrine-Related Drugs (Misra, Magee, & Nylen)
	237: Reference Values in Endocrinology (Dufour)
	238: Techniques of Laboratory Testing (Dufour)
	239: Effects of Drugs on Endocrine Function and Values (Sharma)
	240: DNA Diagnosis of Endocrine Disease (Hejtmancik & Ostrer)
	241: Dynamic Procedures in Endocrinology (Dufour & Jubiz)
Index
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