Practices of the Python Pro

front cover
title
copyright
brief contents
contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
About this book
	Who should read this book
	How this book is organized: A roadmap
	About the code
	liveBook discussion forum
	Other online resources
About the author
About the cover illustration
Part 1: Getting started with blockchain programming
	Chapter 1: Blockchain basics
		1.1 From Bitcoin to blockchain
		1.2 What is a blockchain?
		1.3 Blockchain programming
			1.3.1 Decentralized infrastructure
			1.3.2 Distributed ledger technology
			1.3.3 Disintermediation protocol
			1.3.4 Trust enabler
		1.4 Motivating scenarios
			1.4.1 Automatic and consistent data collection
			1.4.2 Timely information sharing
			1.4.3 Verifiable compliance
			1.4.4 Auditable actions for provenance
			1.4.5 Guidance for governance
			1.4.6 Attribution of actions
			1.4.7 Pandemic management
		1.5 Retrospective
		1.6 Summary
	Chapter 2: Smart contracts
		2.1 The concept of a smart contract
			2.1.1 Bitcoin transactions versus smart contract transactions
			2.1.2 What does a smart contract do?
		2.2 Design of a smart contract
			2.2.1 A use case diagram for the counter
			2.2.2 Data assets, peer participants, roles, rules, and transactions
			2.2.3 From class diagram to contract diagram
		2.3 Development of a smart contract code
			2.3.1 Solidity language
			2.3.2 Smart contract code for Counter
		2.4 Deploying and testing the smart contract
			2.4.1 The Remix IDE
			2.4.2 Deployment and testing
			2.4.3 Key takeaways
		2.5 What makes a blockchain contract smart?
		2.6 Decentralized airline system use case
			2.6.1 ASK definition
			2.6.2 Sequence of operations
		2.7 Airlines smart contract
			2.7.1 Peer participants, data assets, roles, rules, and transactions
			2.7.2 Airlines smart contract code
			2.7.3 ASK smart contract deployment and testing
		2.8 Smart contract design considerations
		2.9 Best practices
		2.10 Summary
	Chapter 3: Techniques for trust and integrity
		3.1 Essentials of trust and integrity
			3.1.1 Trust
			3.1.2 Integrity
		3.2 Digital democracy problem
			3.2.1 Designing a solution
			3.2.2 Use case diagram
			3.2.3 Incremental development of code
			3.2.4 Users, assets, and transactions
			3.2.5 Finite state machine diagram
			3.2.6 Trust intermediation
			3.2.7 Defining and using modifiers
			3.2.8 Contract diagram including modifiers
			3.2.9 Putting it all together
		3.3 Testing
			3.3.1 Positive tests
			3.3.2 Negative tests
		3.4 Using modifiers, require(), and revert()
		3.5 Assert() declarations
		3.6 Best practices
		3.7 Retrospective
		3.8 Summary
	Chapter 4: From smart contracts to Dapps
		4.1 Dapp development using Truffle
			4.1.1 The development process
			4.1.2 Installing Truffle
			4.1.3 Building the Dapp stack
		4.2 Install Ganache test chain
		4.3 Develop the smart contract
			4.3.1 Create a project folder
			4.3.2 Add smart contract and compile
			4.3.3 Configure blockchain network
			4.3.4 Deploy the smart contract
		4.4 Develop and configure the web application
			4.4.1 Develop ballot-app
			4.4.2 Launch the ballot-app
			4.4.3 Install MetaMask wallet
			4.4.4 Interact with Ballot-Dapp
			4.4.5 Connect web client to smart contract
		4.5 Retrospective
		4.6 Best practices
		4.7 Summary
Part 2: Techniques for end-to-end Dapp development
	Chapter 5: Security and privacy
		5.1 Cryptography basics
			5.1.1 Symmetric key cryptography
			5.1.2 Asymmetric key cryptography
		5.2 The relevance of public-key cryptography to blockchain
			5.2.1 Generating Ethereum addresses
			5.2.2 Transaction signing
			5.2.3 Deploying smart contracts on Ropsten
			5.2.4 Using the private key in mnemonic form
			5.2.5 Populating a blockchain wallet
			5.2.6 Deploying and transacting on Ropsten
		5.3 Hashing basics
			5.3.1 Digital signing of documents
			5.3.2 Hashed data on distributed ledger
			5.3.3 Hashes in Ethereum block header
			5.3.4 Solidity hashing functions
		5.4 Application of hashing
			5.4.1 Blind auction design
			5.4.2 Blind auction smart contract
			5.4.3 Privacy and security aspects
			5.4.4 Testing the BlindAuction contract
			5.4.5 Test plan
		5.5 Retrospective
		5.6 Best practices
		5.7 Summary
	Chapter 6: On-chain and off-chain data
		6.1 On-chain data
		6.2 Blind auction use case
			6.2.1 On-chain event data
			6.2.2 Blind auction with events
			6.2.3 Testing with the web UI
			6.2.4 Accessing on-chain data using the web3 API
		6.3 Off-chain data: External data sources
		6.4 ASK airline system
			6.4.1 ASK concept
			6.4.2 Airlines smart contract
			6.4.3 ASK on-chain data
			6.4.4 ASK off-chain data
			6.4.5 ASK Dapp development process
			6.4.6 ASK web user interface
			6.4.7 Putting it all together
			6.4.8 Interacting with ASK Dapp
		6.5 Retrospective
		6.6 Best practices
		6.7 Summary
	Chapter 7: Web3 and a channel Dapp
		7.1 Web3 API
			7.1.1 Web3 in Dapp stack
			7.1.2 Web3 packages
		7.2 The channel concept
		7.3 Micropayment channel
		7.4 Micropayment channel use case
			7.4.1 Traditional banking solution
			7.4.2 Users and roles
			7.4.3 On-chain and off-chain operations
			7.4.4 MPC smart contract (MPC-contract)
			7.4.5 MPC application development (MPC-app)
			7.4.6 MPC sequence diagram
			7.4.7 Demonstration of MPC execution
			7.4.8 Accessing the web3 provider
			7.4.9 Extensions of MPC
			7.4.10 The relevance of the micropayment channel
			7.4.11 Other web3 packages of interest
		7.5 Retrospective
		7.6 Best practices
		7.7 Summary
	Chapter 8: Going public with Infura
		8.1 Nodes and networks
		8.2 Infura blockchain infrastructure
		8.3 Going public with Infura
			8.3.1 Blockchain node as a service
		8.4 End-to-end process for public deployment
			8.4.1 Account generation and management
			8.4.2 Choosing a network and importing accounts
			8.4.3 Collecting ether from faucets
			8.4.4 Creating blockchain nodes on Infura
			8.4.5 Installing HDWalletProvider
			8.4.6 Configuring and deploying the smart contract
			8.4.7 Configuring and deploying the web application
		8.5 Deploying BlindAuction-Dapp on Infura
			8.5.1 Setting up the blind auction environment
			8.5.2 Decentralized participants
			8.5.3 Configure and deploy the beneficiary account
			8.5.4 Configure and deploy bidders
			8.5.5 Interact with deployed blind auction Dapp
		8.6 Deploying MPC-Dapp on Infura
			8.6.1 Setting up the MPC environment
			8.6.2 Configure and deploy the organizer
			8.6.3 Configure and deploy the worker
		8.7 Retrospective
		8.8 Best practices
		8.9 Summary
Part 3: A roadmap and the road ahead
	Chapter 9: Tokenization of assets
		9.1 Ethereum standards
			9.1.1 Ethereum improvement proposal
			9.1.2 ERC20 token standard
			9.1.3 Fungible and non-fungible tokens
		9.2 RES4: Non-fungible real estate token
			9.2.1 Use case diagram
			9.2.2 Contract diagram
			9.2.3 RES4 ERC721-compliant token
			9.2.4 RES4 Dapp
			9.2.5 Interaction with RES4 Dapp
		9.3 Retrospective
		9.4 Best practices
		9.5 Summary
	Chapter 10: Testing smart contracts
		10.1 Importance of testing smart contracts
			10.1.1 Types of testing
			10.1.2 Language choice for test programs
		10.2 Testing counter smart contract
			10.2.1 Writing counter test script
			10.2.2 Positive and negative tests
			10.2.3 Running the test script
		10.3 Testing ballot smart contract
			10.3.1 Writing the ballot test script
			10.3.2 Executing the ballot test script
			10.3.3 Describe() and it() test functions
		10.4 Recap writing of test script
		10.5 The blind auction test script
			10.5.1 Analysis of describe() and it() code
			10.5.2 Executing the blind auction test script
			10.5.3 Full auction run
		10.6 Retrospective
		10.7 Best practices
		10.8 Summary
	Chapter 11: A roadmap to Dapp development
		11.1 Motivating scenario: Educational credentialing
		11.2 The roadmap
		11.3 Problem description
			11.3.1 Context for the DCC application
			11.3.2 Design choices
		11.4 Analysis and design
			11.4.1 Operation flow and finite state machine
			11.4.2 Contract diagram
		11.5 Developing the smart contract
			11.5.1 Data structures
			11.5.2 Events
			11.5.3 Modifiers
			11.5.4 Functions
		11.6 Local deployment
		11.7 Automated testing using truffle
		11.8 Developing the web application
			11.8.1 UI design
			11.8.2 Coding the app.js
		11.9 Testing the DCC-Dapp
		11.10 Public deployment
			11.10.1 Deployment on Ropsten-Infura
			11.10.2 Create web-client for distribution
		11.11 Retrospective
		11.12 Best practices
		11.13 Summary
	Chapter 12: Blockchain: The road ahead
		12.1 Decentralized identity
		12.2 Self-managed identity
		12.3 Consensus and integrity
			12.3.1 Proof of work
			12.3.2 Proof of stake
			12.3.3 Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus
		12.4 Scalability
		12.5 Scalability solutions
			12.5.1 Side channel
			12.5.2 Block size
			12.5.3 Network speed
		12.6 Privacy
		12.7 Public, private, and permissioned networks
		12.8 Confidentiality
			12.8.1 Open information
			12.8.2 A solution
		12.9 Security
		12.10 Securing it with cryptocurrency
		12.11 Accessing off-chain data (Oracles)
		12.12 From foundations to practical systems
		12.13 Looking ahead
		12.14 Best practices
		12.15 Retrospective
		12.16 Summary
appendix A: UML blockchain design models
	A.1 Problem analysis and design
	A.2 Behavioral diagrams
		A.2.1 Use case diagrams
		A.2.2 Finite state machine diagrams
	A.3 Structural diagrams
		A.3.1 Class diagrams
		A.3.2 Classes and relationships
	A.4 Interaction diagrams
appendix B: Design principles
index
	Numerics
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	P
	R
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	X
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