Possession of Land

Cover......Page 1
Half-title......Page 3
Title......Page 5
Copyright......Page 6
Contents......Page 7
Preface and Acknowledgment......Page 11
Table of Cases......Page 13
Table of Statutes......Page 23
Table of Statutory Instruments......Page 29
First meaning: a relationship with a corporeal estate......Page 31
A relationship of right......Page 32
A relationship of fact......Page 33
Orthodoxy......Page 34
Second meaning: occupation......Page 35
Third meaning: constructive possession......Page 38
Problem of different meanings......Page 43
Errors as a result......Page 44
The possessory actions......Page 49
Actions for recovery of land......Page 50
Actions for trespass......Page 52
Actions in nuisance......Page 54
Possessory actions and occupation......Page 55
Possession and wrongdoer’s title......Page 57
Possessory actions and ius tertii......Page 60
Introduction......Page 65
Crown demesne......Page 66
No allodial land......Page 67
Crown overlord......Page 68
Possession proves title......Page 70
Relativity of titles......Page 72
The title proved by possession......Page 74
Registered land......Page 76
Introduction......Page 80
Contract and estate......Page 82
Estate owner not in possession of the lease......Page 86
Possession and forfeiture......Page 88
Relief from forfeiture......Page 91
Terms for the grant of relief......Page 92
Second general principle......Page 93
Fifth general principle......Page 94
Sixth (and last) general principle......Page 96
Contractual licences......Page 97
Protection of licences......Page 99
Legal mortgages......Page 104
Old form legal mortgages......Page 105
A charge by way of legal mortgage......Page 107
A legal mortgagee’s right to possession......Page 108
The legal mortgagee in possession......Page 111
Equitable securities......Page 113
A mortgaged lease: covenants......Page 116
A mortgaged reversion: covenants......Page 117
Lease then mortgage term......Page 118
Mortgage term then lease......Page 119
Other securities......Page 120
The relationship between common law and equity......Page 121
Personal and proprietary equitable rights......Page 124
Equity and an action to recover land......Page 126
Equity, trespass and nuisance......Page 130
Equity, trusts and injunctions......Page 131
Equity and leases to minors......Page 134
Birth......Page 137
Death......Page 138
Dispositions to the non-extant......Page 141
Private receivership......Page 143
Court-appointed receivers......Page 145
Bankruptcy and winding up......Page 146
Disclaimer......Page 149
Escheat......Page 152
Dissolution......Page 153
Conceptual similarities and differences......Page 155
1. All estates may be possessed but there is not necessarily someone ‘in’ possession of every estate......Page 158
2. Possession is indivisible (or exclusive)......Page 159
3. Possession is a question of fact......Page 160
4. Possession is necessarily ‘adverse’......Page 161
6. A person is not in possession of an estate in land unless he or she has dealt with it as an owner might have been expected to deal with it......Page 162
8. An intention to possess is not an intention to own......Page 164
Adverse possession, prescription and consent......Page 165
Adverse possession and leases......Page 166
Adverse possession and restrictive covenants......Page 168
Adverse possession and land registration......Page 169
Possession of incorporeal hereditaments......Page 172
Introduction......Page 175
In remor in personam?......Page 176
Possession judgments: the land or an estate?......Page 182
The process of enforcement......Page 183
Setting aside possession judgments......Page 185
Setting aside execution......Page 186
Suspended possession orders......Page 187
Tolerated trespassers......Page 188
Meaning of possession......Page 191
Protection of possession......Page 192
Possession, title and freehold land......Page 193
Leases and licences......Page 194
Equity and trusts......Page 195
Birth and death, dissolution and insolvency......Page 196
Adverse possession and prescription......Page 197
Possession judgments......Page 198
Index......Page 200