Positron Profilometry: Probing Material Depths for Enhanced Understanding (SpringerBriefs in Materials)

Contents
1 Introduction
	References
2 Positron Annihilation Techniques
	2.1 Physical Outline
	2.2 Positron Sources
	2.3 Shape Parameters of Annihilation Line
	2.4 Positron Lifetime Spectroscopy
	References
3 Fate of Energetic and Thermilized Positrons in Matter
	3.1 Swift Positrons and Their Interactions
	3.2 Annihilation In-Flight
	3.3 Random Walk
	References
4 Positron Implantation Profile
	4.1 Monoenergetic Positrons
	4.2 Positrons Emitted from Isotopes
	References
5 Positron in Inhomogeneous Matter
	5.1 The Multiscattering Model
	5.2 The Accumulation Effect
	References
6 Variable Energy Positron Beam
	6.1 Beam Design Outline
	6.2 1D Positron Diffusion Model
	6.3 Outline of the Positron Profilometry
	6.4 Non-diffusion Model
	6.5 Non-diffusion Model—A Parametric Plot
	6.6 Example of Application to the Beam Experiment
	References
7 Defect Profiling Using Isotope Positron Sources
	7.1 Outline of DSIP Technique
	7.2 Examples of Detected Defect Depth Profiles
	References
8 Sequenced Etching Technique
	8.1 Outline of the Technique
	8.2 Inversion Method
	8.3 Layered Model
	8.4 Applications and Examples
		8.4.1 Subsurface Zone Generated by Friction Process
		8.4.2 Subsurface Zone Induced by Friction
		8.4.3 Implanted Layer by Swift Heavy Ions
	References
Appendix
A.1 The Scheme of Decay of Selected Positron Isotopes
A.2 Positron Lifetime in Bulk, I.e., Free State and Trapped at a Single Vacancy
A.3 Two States Positron Trapping Model
A.4 Positron Diffusion Trapping Model in a Sphere
A.5 Positron Lifetime Spectrum
A.6 The Makhov Profile Parameters for Various Materials
A.7 Green’s Function Construction
A.8 1D Positron Diffusion Trapping Model
A.9 Inversion For More Complex Positron Implantation Profile
A.10 Some Etching Solutes Used in SET
A.11 Parameters for Positron Implantation Profile