Polyols for Polyurethanes. Chemistry and Technology, Volume 1

Cover
Half Title
Also of interest
Polyols for Polyurethanes: Chemistry and Technology, Volume 1
Copyright
Dedication
Acknowledgements
Preface
Contents
1. Polyols
	1.1 Introduction
	References
2. Basic chemistry of polyurethanes
	2.1 Reaction of isocyanates with alcohols
	2.2 Reaction of isocyanates with water
	2.3 Reaction of isocyanates with urethanes
	2.4 Reaction of isocyanates with urea groups
	2.5 Reaction of isocyanates with carboxylic acids
	2.6 Dimerisation of isocyanates
	2.7 Trimerisation of isocyanates
	2.8 Reaction of isocyanates with epoxide compounds
	2.9 Reaction of isocyanates with cyclic anhydrides
	2.10 Prepolymer technique
	2.11 Quasiprepolymer technique
	2.12 One-shot technique
	2.13 Several considerations on the polyaddition reaction
	References
3. General characteristics of oligo-polyols
	3.1 Hydroxyl number
	3.2 Functionality
	3.3 Molecular weight and molecular weight distribution
	3.4 Equivalent weight
	3.5 Water content
	3.6 Primary hydroxyl content
	3.7 Reactivity
	3.8 Specific gravity
	3.9 Viscosity
	3.10 Colour
	3.11 Acid number
	3.12 Renewable content
	References
4. Polyether polyols for elastic polyurethanes
	4.1 Polyalkylene oxide polyether polyols
		4.1.1 Synthesis of polyether triols based on glycerol homopolymers of PO
			4.1.1.1 Anionic PO polymerisation reaction initiated by glycerol
			4.1.1.2 Transfer reactions in anionic polymerisation of alkylene oxides
		4.1.2 Kinetics of PO addition to glycerol
			4.1.2.1 General considerations
			4.1.2.2 Kinetics of PO and EO anionic polymerisation (propagation reaction)
		4.1.3 Random copolyethers PO–EO (heteropolyether polyols)
			4.1.3.1 Other random copolyethers obtained by anionic polymerisation
		4.1.4 Polyether polyols block copolymers PO–EO
			4.1.4.1 Synthesis of polyether polyols, block copolymers PO–EO with terminal poly[EO] block
		4.1.5 Technology for polyether polyol fabrication
			4.1.5.1 Preparation of starter–catalyst solution
			4.1.5.2 Anionic polymerisation of alkylene oxides initiated by polyolic starters
			4.1.5.3 Digestion
			4.1.5.4 Degassing
			4.1.5.5 Polyether polyols purification
			4.1.5.6 Polyether polyol stabilisation
			4.1.5.7 The problem of colour in polyether polyol fabrication
			4.1.5.8 The problem of odour of polyether polyols
			4.1.5.9 Considerations of the ‘scorching’ phenomenon
	4.2 Anionic polymerisation of alkylene oxides catalysed by phosphazenium compounds
	4.3 High-MW polyether polyols based on polyamine starters: autocatalytic polyether polyols
	References
5. Synthesis of high-molecular weight polyether polyols with double metal cyanide catalysts
	5.1 Continuous process for synthesis of polyether polyols with a DMC catalyst (IMPACT catalyst technology, a greener polyether polyols process)
	5.2 Comparison between synthesis of polyether polyols with KOH as a catalyst and DMC as a catalyst
	References
6. Polymer polyols (filled polyols)
	6.1 Graft polyether polyols
	6.2 The chemistry of the graft polyether polyol synthesis
		6.2.1 Generation in situ of non-aqueous dispersant by grafting reactions
		6.2.2 Stabilisation of polymer dispersions in polymer polyols with macromers (reactive non-aqueous dispersant)
		6.2.3 Non-reactive non-aqueous dispersants
		6.2.4 The mechanism of polymer particle formation in polymer polyols synthesis by radical polymerisation
	6.3 The technology of polymer polyols manufacture by radical processes
		6.3.1 Graft polyether polyols with high solid content
			6.3.1.1 Synthesis of a macromer
			6.3.1.2 Synthesis of a preformed stabiliser
			6.3.1.3 Synthesis of graft polyether polyols
		6.3.2 Synthesis of polymer polyols by using preformed aqueous polymeric lattices
	6.4 Polyharnststoff dispersion polymer polyols (polyurea dispersions)
	6.5 Polyisocyanate polyaddition polymer polyols
	6.6 Other polymer polyols
	6.7 Epoxy dispersions
		6.7.1 Polyamide dispersions
		6.7.2 Aminoplast dispersions
	References
7. Polyether polyols by cationic polymerisation processes
	7.1 Polytetrahydrofuran (polytetramethylene glycols)
	7.2 High-Molecular weight polyalkylene oxide polyols by cationic polymerisation
	7.3 Polyether diols and triols, copolymers tetrahydrofuranalkylene oxide
	References
8. Polyester polyols for elastic polyurethanes
	8.1 Chemistry of polyester polyol synthesis
	8.2 Consideration of the kinetics of polyesterification reactions
		8.2.1 Self-catalysed polyesterification reactions (without catalyst)
		8.2.2 Side reactions in polyesterification
		8.2.3 Hydrolysis resistant polyester polyols
	8.3 Technology for polyester polyols fabrication
	8.4 Poly(ε-caprolactone) polyols
	8.5 Polycarbonate polyols
	References
9. Polybutadiene polyols
	9.1 Polybutadiene polyols by radical polymerisation of butadiene
	9.2 Synthesis of polybutadiene polyols by radical polymerisation of butadiene
	9.3 Synthesis of polybutadiene polyols by anionic polymerisation of butadiene
	References
10. Acrylic polyols
	References
11. Polysiloxane polyols
	References
Postface
Abbreviations
Index