Polymeric Materials and Artificial Organs

Title Page......Page 1
Copyright......Page 2
ACS Symposium Series......Page 3
FOREWORD......Page 4
PdftkEmptyString......Page 0
PREFACE......Page 5
1 The Basics of Artificial Organs......Page 7
Type (I) - Bone/Joint Replacements......Page 9
Type (II) - Skin/Soft Tissue Replacement......Page 10
Type (III) - Internal Organs......Page 11
Type (IV) - Sensory Organs......Page 14
Literature Cited......Page 15
Biomaterials and Their Uses......Page 18
Biologically Active Polymers......Page 20
The Polymer Biologic Interface......Page 26
Biologic Responses......Page 28
Testing and Clearance of Polymeric Biomaterials......Page 30
Literature Cited......Page 33
3 Artificial Organs and the Immune Response......Page 35
Concepts of the Immune System (1, 2)......Page 36
Experimental......Page 37
Results......Page 38
Discussion......Page 40
Literature Cited......Page 41
4 The Basics of Biomedical Polymers: Interfacial Factors......Page 42
Research Premise......Page 43
Improved Methods for Analysis of Interfacial Factors......Page 44
Literature Cited......Page 45
5 Fibrinogen-Glass Interactions: A Synopsis of Recent Research......Page 48
Kinetics and Isotherms of Adsorption - Single Protein in Buffer......Page 49
Structural Status of Eluted Protein......Page 54
Competitive Adsorption......Page 57
Adsorption from Plasma......Page 61
Literature Cited......Page 62
6 Silicones in Artificial Organs......Page 65
CHEMISTRY......Page 66
Medical Grade Silicone Elastomers......Page 67
Biocompatibility of Medical Grade Silicone Elastomers......Page 70
Physical Properties of Medical Grade Silicone Elastomers......Page 71
Ophthalmology......Page 72
Medical Applications for Silicone Fluid......Page 92
Literature Cited......Page 98
7 Characteristics of an Implantable Elastomer Finger Joint Prosthesis Application......Page 100
Selection of Elastomer......Page 102
Implantable Bion Elastomer......Page 103
Effect of Crosslinker Content......Page 106
Conclusion......Page 108
Literature Cited......Page 110
8 The Current Status of Prosthetic Heart Valves......Page 111
Methodology......Page 115
(a) Valve Description......Page 117
(b) In Vivo Results......Page 119
(c) In Vitro Results......Page 121
(d) Correlation......Page 123
(b) In Vivo Results......Page 124
(d) Correlation......Page 125
(b) In Vivo Results......Page 126
(d) Correlation......Page 128
(a) Valve Description......Page 129
(c) In Vitro Results......Page 130
(d) Correlation......Page 132
(a) Valve Description......Page 133
(b) In Vivo Results......Page 135
(c) In vitro Results......Page 136
(d) Correlation......Page 137
(b) In Vivo Results......Page 138
(c) In Vitro Results......Page 140
(d) Correlation......Page 141
Conclusions......Page 142
Acknowledgments......Page 144
Literature Cited......Page 145
9 Polymeric Membranes for Artificial Lungs......Page 151
Literature Cited......Page 161
10 Blood Compatibility of Artificial Organs Transient Leukopenia in Hemodialysis......Page 163
Leukopenia in Hemodialysis......Page 164
Possible Mechanisms In Transient Leukopenia......Page 165
Complications Associated With Transient Leukopenia......Page 167
Concluding Remarks......Page 168
Literature Cited......Page 169
RED BLOOD CELL SUBSTITUTE......Page 171
THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL CELLS IN ARTIFICIAL ORGANS......Page 172
ARTIFICIAL CELLS IN POISONING......Page 173
ARTIFICIAL CELLS AS ARTIFICIAL LIVER......Page 174
ARTIFICIAL CELLS CONTAINING ENZYME SYSTEM......Page 175
ACKNOWLEDGMENT......Page 176
LITERATURE CITED......Page 177
12 Infected Skin Wounds in Rodents Treatment with a Hydrogel Paste Containing Silver Nitrate......Page 181
Experimentals......Page 182
Results......Page 184
Discussion......Page 188
Literature Cited......Page 189
13 Skin Regeneration with a Bioreplaceable Polymeric Template......Page 190
Discussion......Page 191
Literature Cited......Page 196