Politics of Stigmatization: Poland as a ‘Latecomer’ in the European Union

Acknowledgments
Praise for Politics of Stigmatization
Contents
Abbreviations
Chapter 1: Introduction
	1.1 Conceptual Framework
	1.2 Outline of the Book
	References
Chapter 2: From Socialization to Stigmatization: New Members in Western Institutions
	2.1 Discourses on New Members in Western Institutions
		2.1.1 Discourses on Enlargement
		2.1.2 The Socialization Framework in IR Literature
		2.1.3 Socialization as a Political Discourse
		2.1.4 Eastern Europe as the ‘Defining Other’
	2.2 Stigma as a Mode of Hierarchization
		2.2.1 Dynamics of Stigmatization
		2.2.2 Stigmatization in International Politics
		2.2.3 Stigma, Norms, and the EU
	2.3 Reactions to Stigma
		2.3.1 Conditions of Stigmatization
		2.3.2 Adaptation and Contestation
	2.4 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 3: Strategic Culture and the Quest for Ontological Security
	3.1 Understanding Strategic Culture
		3.1.1 Strategic Culture: What For?
		3.1.2 Understanding Foreign Policy Through Strategic Culture
			3.1.2.1	 Plurality and Strategic Culture
			3.1.2.2	 Determinism
			3.1.2.3	 Change and Continuity
	3.2 Pursuit of Ontological Security
		3.2.1 Ontological Security as ‘Output’
		3.2.2 Reexamining the Elements of Strategic Culture
		3.2.3 Ontological Security of Collective Actors
	3.3 Methodological Assumptions
		3.3.1 Identifying Elements of Strategic Culture
		3.3.2 How Is Strategic Culture ‘Activated’?
	3.4 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 4: Poland’s Strategic Culture: East and West
	4.1 Roots of Ontological Insecurity in Poland’s Strategic Culture
	4.2 The Western Dimension
		4.2.1 Two ‘Wests’: Atlanticist and European Conception
	4.3 The Eastern Dimension
		4.3.1 Russia: Strategic Adversary
		4.3.2 Eastern Neighborhood: A Sphere of Common Cultural Heritage
	4.4 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 5: Becoming ‘New Europe’: The Iraq Crisis and the Construction of Poland’s ‘Latecomer’ Stigma
	5.1 Divided West, Divided Europe
	5.2 Playing the Model Ally: Poland’s Rationale on the Iraq War
		5.2.1 Atlanticism in Poland’s Strategic Culture
		5.2.2 Reasoning of the Polish Elites
		5.2.3 Public Opinion
	5.3 Emergence of the ‘New Europe’ Narrative
		5.3.1 The Crisis Discourse: ‘New Europe’, ‘Old Europe’, ‘Core Europe’
		5.3.2 Verbal Scolding and Representational Force
		5.3.3 ‘New Europe’ Responds through Contestation
	5.4 Consolidation of Stigma
		5.4.1 From ‘New Europe’ to ‘Latecomer’ Stigma
	5.5 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 6: A Little War the World Forgot: Poland’s Initiative During the Russo-Georgian War
	6.1 The Russo-Georgian War Through Poland’s Strategic Culture
		6.1.1 Poland’s Views on Russia
		6.1.2 Georgia: A Friend in the South Caucasus
		6.1.3 Impact of Western Attitudes on Poland’s Foreign Policy Strategies
		6.1.4 Domestic Split in Poland
	6.2 War in the Caucasus and Western Reaction
		6.2.1 Crisis Foreshadowed: The NATO Bucharest Summit
		6.2.2 Two European Responses
		6.2.3 Divisions in Poland
		6.2.4 EU Reaction and Media Discourse in Europe
	6.3 Consequences: A War Forgotten
	6.4 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 7: Managing the Ukraine Crisis: A Triumph of Poland’s EU Politics?
	7.1 Ukraine’s Role in Polish Strategic Culture
		7.1.1 Ukraine’s Historical and Contemporary Role for Poland’s Security
		7.1.2 A Common Heritage and Ontological (In)security
		7.1.3 From Challenging Relations to Partnership
		7.1.4 Western Dimension in Poland’s Foreign Policy Toward Ukraine
	7.2 The EU’s Eastern Partnership and Poland’s Adaptation Strategy
		7.2.1 Reset with Russia and Consequences for Relations with Ukraine
		7.2.2 The Eastern Partnership
	7.3 The Ukraine Crisis: A Test of the New Strategy
		7.3.1 Failure of the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement
		7.3.2 The Maidan Revolution as Game-Changer
		7.3.3 Russian Involvement
	7.4 Consequences of the Crisis
		7.4.1 Paradigm Shift in the West
		7.4.2 Assessing Poland’s Role
	7.5 Conclusion
	References
Chapter 8: Conclusion
	8.1 Beyond the Case
	8.2 Can Stigma Be Overcome?
	References
List of Interviews
Index