Plato and the Divided Self

PLATO AND THE DIVIDED SELF......Page 0
Title......Page 1
Copyright......Page 2
CONTENTS......Page 3
CONTRIBUTORS......Page 5
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......Page 8
Introduction......Page 9
PART I: Transitions to tripartition......Page 15
1: From the Phaedo to the Republic: Plato’s tripartite soul and the possibility of non-philosophical virtue......Page 17
I Two conceptions of philosophers......Page 18
II Habituated, political virtue in the Phaedo......Page 20
III Philosophical and slavish virtue in the Phaedo......Page 24
IV Training desire in the Phaedo and Republic: what a difference a tripartite soul makes......Page 34
I Enkrateia and the partition of the soul in the Republic......Page 41
II Self-government and the bipartition of the soul in the Gorgias......Page 46
III A partial rehabilitation......Page 58
I Introduction......Page 61
II The importance of the soul’s unity......Page 62
III The problem of complex unity......Page 64
IV Failed explanations of the soul’s unity......Page 71
V A fresh approach to unity......Page 73
VI Explaining the soul’s unity......Page 75
VII Sustaining this explanation of the soul’s unity......Page 79
PART II: Moral psychology in the Republic......Page 83
I Introduction......Page 85
II Why personify?......Page 88
III Thinking about our motivations......Page 95
IV Philosophic virtue and personification......Page 97
V The status of the psychological accounts......Page 106
5: The nature of the spirited part of the soul and its object......Page 110
II Test case 1: the fevered city......Page 111
III Spirit’s two roles......Page 113
IV Spirit’s first role: the creation of interpersonal diplomacy......Page 115
V Test case 2: the fall of the Kallipolis......Page 120
VI The oikeion......Page 123
VII Spirit’s second role: policing internal unrest......Page 126
VIII An excursus: arguments for threeness......Page 129
IX My answer: spirit as bond, medium, and middle term......Page 130
X Which came first?......Page 133
6: Curbing one’s appetites in Plato’s Republic......Page 136
I......Page 138
II......Page 148
III......Page 155
7: How to see an unencrusted soul......Page 158
I......Page 159
II......Page 161
III......Page 165
IV......Page 166
V......Page 169
VI......Page 171
VII......Page 176
VIII......Page 184
8: Psychic contingency in the Republic......Page 181
I Spirit and other possible partly reason-responsive elements: the assimilationist ideal......Page 187
II Two conceptions of to epithum\Zetikon......Page 193
III Methodological interlude: a widespread but arguably false conception of what is required for the consistency of the Republic taken as a whole......Page 198
IV The shift from medical/musical models to political ones......Page 202
V The plausibility of a hybrid reading and Plato’s anarchic ideal......Page 210
VI Postscript: the Phaedo revisited......Page 215
PART III: After the Republic......Page 217
9: Erôs before and after tripartition......Page 219
A more modest proposal......Page 244
I Introduction......Page 246
II Appetite in the Timaeus......Page 248
A Perception......Page 249
C Imagination: Timaeus on the liver (1)......Page 251
IV Desire, memory, and expectation in the Philebus......Page 256
V Imagination in the Philebus......Page 259
VI Timaeus on the liver (2)......Page 262
VII The resulting psychological theory......Page 264
11: Pictures and passions in the Timaeus and Philebus......Page 267
I Aristotle’s passions......Page 268
II Pictures and passions in the Philebus......Page 270
III Pictures and passions in the Timaeus......Page 278
IV Passions and the non-rational soul......Page 284
I Politics as care for the soul in the Laws......Page 289
A The law as the city’s decree......Page 293
B The law as the regulation of the intellect......Page 297
III The partition of the soul......Page 300
A Bipartition......Page 301
B Tripartition......Page 303
IV The tripartition of the city......Page 308
A The ordinary citizen, equivalent to the producers in the Republic......Page 309
B The country wardens (agronomoi), equivalent to the guardians in the Republic......Page 310
C The watch committee, equivalent to the philosophers in the Republic......Page 311
Appendix: interpretative presuppositions......Page 313
PART IV: Parts of the soul in the Platonic tradition......Page 317
I The world soul......Page 319
II World soul and human soul......Page 321
III Apatheia vs. metriopatheia......Page 323
IV The soul in Plutarch’s philosophical myths......Page 325
V Moral virtue and the tripartite soul......Page 327
VI Moral virtue and the bipartite soul......Page 333
VII Harmony and the charioteer: the ninth Platonic question......Page 336
I Philosophy, medicine, and the soul......Page 339
II Parts, powers, and the division of the soul......Page 341
III Psychology and physiology......Page 344
IV Anatomy and demonstration......Page 347
V Problems and conclusion......Page 353
15: Plotinus and Plato on soul and action......Page 358
I The context of Ennead VI.8.6 19–22......Page 359
II Plotinus and Republic 443c9–d1......Page 361
III Internal and external activity and Plotinus’ views on action......Page 362
IV The Republic on the soul and external actions......Page 366
BIBLIOGRAPHY......Page 376
INDEX LOCORUM......Page 391
GENERAL INDEX......Page 401