PISA 2012 Results_ Students and - OECD

Foreword
Acknowledgements
Table of Contents
Executive Summary
Reader’s Guide
What is PISA?
Chapter 1	The Assessment of Financial Literacy in PISA 2012
	The importance of financial literacy
	Limited and uneven provision of financial education in schools
	The need for data on students’ financial literacy
	The financial literacy assessment in PISA 2012
	Defining financial literacy for 15-year-old students
	Assessing financial literacy
		Content
		Processes
		Contexts
	Evidence from PISA about financial education in schools
	Examples of questions used in the 2012 financial literacy assessment
Chapter 2 Student Performance in Financial Literacy
	How the PISA 2012 financial literacy results are reported
	How financial literacy proficiency levels are reported in PISA 2012
	Average level of proficiency in financial literacy
	What students know and can do in financial literacy
	A profile of PISA financial literacy questions
	Student performance at the different levels of proficiency in financial literacy
	Variations in financial literacy proficiency
	Students’ performance in financial literacy in comparison with reading and mathematics performance
	Students’ performance in financial literacy at different levels of performance in mathematics
	Countries participating in the financial literacy assessment
Chapter 3 Relationship between Financial Literacy and Student Background
	Gender differences in financial literacy
	The relationship between socio-economic status, immigrant background and financial literacy
		Socio-economic status
		Parental influence
		Immigrant background and language spoken at home
	Main background factors explaining variations in student performance
Chapter 4 Students’ Experience, Attitudes and Behaviour, and their Performance in Financial Literacy
	Students’ experiences with money matters and financial literacy
		Students who hold bank accounts and prepaid debit cards and their performance in financial literacy
		Students’ sources of money and financial literacy
	Students’ attitudes and financial literacy
	Students’ spending behaviour and financial literacy
Chapter 5 Selected policy and practical implications of the financial literacy assessment
	Financial literacy is an essential life skill for young people
	Large proportions of students have only basic skills in financial literacy
	Build on core knowledge and skills
	Promote positive attitudes towards learning
	Support girls and underperforming boys
	Reduce inequities in financial literacy related to socio-economic status
	Enhance research and evaluation opportunities
Annex A PISA 2012 Technical background
	Annex A1 Indices from the student context questionnaire
	Annex A2 The PISA target population, the PISA samples and the definition of schools
	Annex A3 Technical notes on analyses in this volume
	Annex A4 Quality assurance
	Annex A5 The design of the financial literacy assessment
Annex B PISA 2012 Data
Annex C The development and implementation of PISA – a collaborative effort