Pipeline Valve Technology: A Practical Guide

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
Acknowledgment
Author Biography
Chapter 1: Introduction and General Features
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 General Features
		1.2.1 Valve Types
		1.2.2 Bore Requirement
		1.2.3 Access to the Valve Internals
		1.2.4 Connection to the Pipeline
		1.2.5 Metallic Seats
		1.2.6 Trunnion-Mounted Ball
		1.2.7 Design Standards
		1.2.8 Valve Operator
	1.3 Cross-section Drawing and Part List
	Questions & Answers
	Bibliography
Chapter 2: Material Selection
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Material Selection
		2.2.1 Body and Bonnet
		2.2.2 Valve Internals (Trim)
		2.2.3 Bolting (Bolts and Nuts)
		2.2.4 Pup Piece and Transition Piece
		2.2.5 Seal
		2.2.6 Stem Bearing
		2.2.7 Spring
	2.3 Coating
	Questions & Answers
	Bibliography
Chapter 3: Double Isolation and Bleed Concept
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Pipeline Valves DIB Concept
	3.3 DIB Effects on the Valve Design
	3.4 DIB2 and Valve Marking
	Questions & Answers
	Bibliography
Chapter 4: Design for Weight Reduction
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Design for Weight Reduction
		4.2.1 Wall Thickness Calculation and Validation
			4.2.1.1 Wall Thickness Calculation
			4.2.1.2 Wall Thickness Validation
				4.2.1.2.1 Finite Element Analysis
					4.2.1.2.1.1 Load Combination and Scenarios
					4.2.1.2.1.2 Modeling and Analysis
				4.2.1.2.2 Load Test (Bending Moment Test)
		4.2.2 Cylindrical Nuts
	Questions & Answers
	Bibliography
Chapter 5: Seat Scrapers and Flushing Ports
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Wax Dissolution in Seats
		5.2.1 Sealant Injection Fittings
		5.2.2 Flushing Ports
		5.2.3 Flushing Fluid
		5.2.4 Flushing Procedure
	5.3 Particles Ingress Prevention in Seats
	Questions & Answers
	Bibliography
Chapter 6: Manufacturing Process
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Pipeline Valves Manufacturing Processes
		6.2.1 Kick-off Meeting and Engineering
		6.2.2 Purchasing or Manufacturing Raw Materials
			6.2.2.1 Casting
			6.2.2.2 Forging
		6.2.3 Welding
		6.2.4 Machining
		6.2.5 Inspection and Quality Control
		6.2.6 Assembly of Valves
			6.2.6.1 Body and Bonnet Bolts Tightening
			6.2.6.2 Marking
		6.2.7 Testing
		6.2.8 Coating or Painting
		6.2.9 Preservation and Packing
		6.2.10 Final Inspection
		6.2.11 Shipment
	Questions & Answers
	More pictures
	Bibliography
Chapter 7: Welding Technology
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 Valve End Connections
		7.2.1 Standard ASME Flange
		7.2.2 Mechanical Joint (Hubs and Clamps)
		7.2.3 Compact Flange
		7.2.4 Wafer Connection
		7.2.5 Threaded Connection
		7.2.6 Welded Connections
			7.2.6.1 Socket Weld
			7.2.6.2 Butt Weld
	7.3 A Case Study of Welding Between Pipeline Valves and Two Oil and Gas Export Pipelines
		7.3.1 Pipeline Material Selection
		7.3.2 Pup and Transition Pieces
		7.3.3 Weld Joint NDTs
		7.3.4 Pipeline Valves Welding
		7.3.5 Welding Qualification at the Construction Yard
	Questions & Answers
	Bibliography
Chapter 8: Actuation
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 Actuators’ Sources of Power
		8.2.1 Pneumatic Air
		8.2.2 Hydraulic
		8.2.3 Electrical
	8.3 Actuator Choices for Pipeline Valves
		8.3.1 Scotch and Yoke Actuator
		8.3.2 Linear Actuator
		8.3.3 Electrical Actuator
	8.4 Actuator Selection for Pipeline Valves
	8.5 Actuator Selection Case Study
	Questions & Answers
	Bibliography
Chapter 9: Testing
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Test Procedure
	9.3 Test Preparation
	9.4 Test Setup
	9.5 Type of Tests
		9.5.1 Hydrostatic High-Pressure Body or Shell Test
			9.5.1.1 Safety Relief Valve Test
		9.5.2 Hydrostatic High-Pressure Seat or Closure Tests
		9.5.3 Hydrostatic Functional and Torque Measurement Tests
		9.5.4 Hydrostatic Cavity Tests
			9.5.4.1 Both Seats Are SR
			9.5.4.2 Double Isolation and Bleed (DIB1)
			9.5.4.3 Double Isolation and Bleed (DIB2)
		9.5.5 Backseat Test
		9.5.6 Air or Gas Low-Pressure Seat or Closure Tests
		9.5.7 High-Pressure Gas Body or Shell Test
		9.5.8 High-Pressure Gas Seat or Closure Test
		9.5.9 Drift Test
		9.5.10 Electrical Continuity Test
		9.5.11 Fire Test
			9.5.11.1 Fire Test According to API 6FA
			9.5.11.2 Fire Test for Pipeline Valves
			9.5.11.3 Fire Thermal Simulation and Analysis Case Study
	9.6 Actuators Testing
		9.6.1 Hydraulic Actuators Testing
		9.6.2 Electrical Actuators Testing
	Questions & Answers
	Bibliography
Chapter 10: Preservation and Packing
	10.1 Introduction
	10.2 Preservation Types
		10.2.1 General Preservation
		10.2.2 Internal Preservation
		10.2.3 External Preservation
	10.3 Packing
	Questions & Answers
	Bibliography
Chapter 11: Handling, Lifting, and Transportation
	11.1 Handling
	11.2 Lifting
	11.3 Transportation
	Questions & Answers
	Bibliography
Chapter 12: Installation, Operation, and Maintenance
	12.1 Installation and Operation
		12.1.1 Storage Before Installation
		12.1.2 Valve Installation and Operation on the Pipeline
	12.2 Maintenance
		12.2.1 Emergency Sealant Injection
			12.2.1.1 Sealant Injection on Seats
			12.2.1.2 Sealant Injection on Stem
		12.2.2 Minor External Leakage Repairs
			12.2.2.1 Sealant Injection Fitting
			12.2.2.2 Vent and Drain Blind Flanges
			12.2.2.3 Modular Valves on the Seat Flushing Ports
		12.2.3 Major External Leakage Repairs
		12.2.4 Internal Leakages
	Questions & Answers
	Bibliography
Chapter 13: Safety and Reliability
	13.1 Introduction to Shutdown Systems
	13.2 Safety Integrity Level
		13.2.1 SIL Case Study for a Pipeline Valve
	13.3 Failure Mode and Effect Analysis
		13.3.1 FMEA Case Study for Pipeline Valves
	13.4 Results and Discussion
	Questions & Answers
	Bibliography
Index