Pipe drafting and design

Cover
Pipe Drafting and Design
Copyright
Dedication
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
1 Overview of Pipe Drafting and Design
	Project Types
	Who Hires Pipe Drafters and Designers?
	Architectural Firms
	Construction Companies
	Engineering Companies
	Fabrication Companies
	Operating Companies
	Preparing to Be a Pipe Drafter
2 Steel Pipe
	History of Pipe
	Piping Materials
	Manufacturing Methods
	Sizing of Pipe
	Wall Thickness
	Methods of Joining Pipe
		Butt-Weld Connections
		Threaded Connections
		Socket-Weld Connections
	Cast Iron Pipe
		Joining Cast Iron Pipe
	Plastic Pipe
		Joining Plastic Pipe
	Drawing Pipe
	Chapter 2 Review Quiz
3 Pipe Fittings
	90° Elbows
		Long-Radius Elbow
		Drawing Symbols for the 90° Long-Radius Elbow
		Drawing the 90° Long-Radius Elbow
		Short-Radius Elbow
		Drawing Symbols for the Short-Radius Elbow
		Reducing Elbows
		Mitered Elbows
		Drawing Symbols for Mitered Elbows
	45° Elbows
		Drawing Symbols for the 45° Elbow
		Drawing the 45° Elbow
		90° Elbows Rolled at 45°
	Weld Tee
		Drawing Symbols for the Weld Tee
		Drawing the Weld Tee
	The Stub-in
		Stub-in Reinforcements
	Coupling
	Reducers
		Drawing Symbols for the Concentric and Eccentric Reducer
		Drawing the Reducers
	Weld Cap
	Use of Fittings
		Applying Fitting Make-Up Dimensions
	Threaded and Socket-Weld Fittings
		Fittings
		Unions
		Plug
		Coupling
	Pipe Nipples
		Swage
	Flanged Fittings
	Cast Iron Fittings
	Plastic Fittings
	Fitting Exercise Instructions and Information
	Chapter 3 Drawing Exercises
4 Flange Basics
	Rating Flanges
	Flange Facings
		Flat Face
		Raised Face
		Ring-Type Joint
	Flange Types
		Weld Neck Flange
		Drawing the Weld Neck Flange
		Slip-on Flange
		Lap-joint Flange
		Threaded Flange
		Socket-Weld Flange
		Reducing Flange
		Blind Flange
		Orifice Flange
	Bolts
	Gaskets
	Chapter 4 Review Quiz
	Exercise Information
	Chapter 4 Drawing Exercises
		Drawing Flanges
5 Valves
	What is a Valve?1
	Common Valve Types
		Gate Valves
		Drawing the Gate Valve
		Globe Valves
		Angle Valves
		Check Valves
		Ball Valve
		Plug Valve
		Butterfly Valve
		Relief Valves
		Control Valve
	Valve Operators
		Actuators
	Chapter 5 Review Quiz
	Exercise Information
	Chapter 5 Drawing Exercises
		Drawing Valves
6 Mechanical Equipment
	Types of Equipment
		Vessels
			Horizontal Vessels/Accumulators
			Vertical Vessels/Fractionation Columns/Reactors
		Ladders, Cages, and Platforms
		Pumps
			Centrifugal Pumps
			Reciprocating Pumps
			Rotary Pumps
			Nozzle Arrangements
		Pump Drivers
		Compressors
		Exchangers
			Shell and Tube Exchanger
			Double-Pipe Exchanger
			Reboiler
			Air Fan
		Cooling Towers
		Heaters/Boilers
			Storage Tanks
	Types of Mechanical Equipment
	Equipment in Use
	Equipment Terminology
	Vendor Data Drawings
	Drawing Equipment
		Drawing the Horizontal Vessel
		Drawing the 2:1 Semielliptical Head
	Chapter 6 Review Quiz
	Chapter 6 Drawing Exercises
		Exercises: Drawing Equipment
7 Flow Diagrams and Instrumentation
	Uses of Flow Diagrams
	Type of Flow Diagrams
		Process Flow Diagram
		Mechanical Flow Diagram
		The Utility Flow Diagram
	Flow Diagram Instruments
		Instrument Types
	Flow Diagram Symbols
	Flow Plan Arrangement
	Chapter 7 Review Quiz
	Exercise Information
		Exercises 1, 2, and 3
	Chapter 7 Drawing Exercises
8 Codes and Specifications
	Codes
	Specifications
	General Piping Specifications
	Specification Classes
	Abbreviations
	Piping Abbreviations
	Chapter 8 Review Quiz
9 Equipment Layout
	Plant Coordinate System
	Plant Elevations
	Site Plans
	Unit Plot Plan
	Equipment Location Drawing
	Foundation Location Drawing
	Piping Drawing Index
	Chapter 9 Review Quiz
	Chapter 9 Drawing Exercises
10 Piping Arrangement Drawings, Sections, and Elevations
	Arrangement Drawings
	Responsibilities of the Piping Designer
	Information Sources for Piping Arrangement Drawings
	Layout Procedures
	Piping Arrangement Drawing Layout
		Routing
	Dimensioning
		Dimensioning Guidelines
	Piping Sections and Elevations: What are They?
		Height References
		Where to Begin?
		Named Elevations
	Detail Drawings
	Pipe Line List
	Chapter 10 Review Quiz
	Chapter 10 Drawing Exercises
		Exercises: Plans, Elevations, and Sections
11 Standard Piping Details
	Pipe Rack Spacing
	Drawing Pipe in the Rack
	Pipe Flexibility
	Planning for Heat Expansion
	Pipe Anchors
	Pipe Insulation Shoes
	Pipe Guides
	Pipe Supports
	Field Supports
	Dummy Supports
	Hanger Rods
	Spring Hangers
	Pick-up Pipe Supports
	Chapter 11 Review Quiz
12 Piping Systems
	Plant Utilities
		Water Systems
			Cooling Water
			Boiler Water
			Emergency Water
		Steam and Condensate
		Fuel Oil and Fuel Gas
		Flare Systems
		Air Systems
			Utility Air
			Instrument Air
	Control Valve Manifolds
	Utility Stations
	Meter Runs
	Sewer and Underground Piping Systems
		Sewer Systems
		Underground Piping Systems
	Chapter 12 Review Quiz
	Chapter 12 Exercise
		Exercises: Meter Run Calculations
13 Piping Isometrics
	What is an Isometric?
	Isometric Orientation
	Drawing Piping Isometrics
	Isometric Dimensions, Notes, and Callouts
		Isometric Dimensions
		Isometric Notes and Callouts
	Isometric Offsets
		Dimensioning Offsets
		Multiangle Offsets
		Rolling Offsets
		Dimensioning Rolling Offsets
		Pipe Stress Analysis
	Chapter 13 Review Quiz
	Chapter 13 Drawing Exercises
14 3D Piping Models and As-Built Drawings
	Advantages of 3D Modeling
	Checking for Interferences
	Generating Drawings Automatically From a Model
	Generating Isometric Drawings Automatically
	Computer-Aided Engineering of Models
	As-Built Drawings for Field Verification and Revision
	3D Laser Scanning
15 Project Coordination and Development
	Process and Instrument Diagrams (P&ID)
	Piping Arrangement Drawings With Elevations
	Foundation and Equipment Location Drawings
	Mechanical Equipment: Vendor Drawings
	Mechanical Equipment: Footings, Foundations, and Pedestals
	Main Pipe Rack and Miscellaneous Pipe Supports: Plans, Elevations, and Details
	Electrical Drawings: Lighting and Power Supply and Grounding Plan
	3D Model Views: Units 01, 02, 03, and 04
Appendix
	Appendix A: Dimensional Data
	Appendix B: Alphabet of Lines*
	Appendix C: Review of Math*
	Appendix D: Use of the Calculator*
	Appendix E: Architect’s Scale*
Glossary
	A
	B
	C
	D
	E
	F
	G
	H
	I
	K
	L
	M
	N
	O
	P
	R
	S
	T
	U
	V
	W
Index
Back Cover