Physical Diagnosis of Pain: An Atlas of Signs and Symptoms

Front Cover
Inside front cover
Front matter
	Physical diagnosis of pain: An atlas of sign and symptoms
Copyright
Dedication
Preface
Table of Contents
Video contents
Section I The Cervical Spine
	1 Functional anatomy of the bony cervical spine
		The vertebrae of the cervical spine
		The mobility of the cervical spine
		The cervical vertebral canal
		The cervical nerves and their relation to the cervical vertebrae
		Implications for the clinician
	2 Functional anatomy of the cervical intervertebral disc
	3 Nomenclature of the diseased cervical disc
		The normal disc
		The degenerated disc
		The diffusely bulging disc
		The focal disc protrusion
		The focal disc extrusion
		The sequestered disc
	4 Painful conditions emanating from the cervical spine
	5 Visual inspection of the cervical spine
	6 Palpation of the cervical spine
	7 Physical examination of the cervical spine range of motion
		Flexion and extension
		Rotation and lateral bending
	8 The cervical dermatomes
	9 The C5 neurologic level
	10 The C6 neurologic level
	11 The C7 neurologic level
	12 The C8 neurologic level
	13 The spurling test for cervical radiculopathy secondary to herniated disc or cervical spondylosis
	14 The axial loading test for cervical discogenic disease
	15 The hoffmann test for cervical myelopathy
	16 The finger flexion reflex test for cervical myelopathy
	17 The sharp-purser test for atlantoaxial joint instability
Section II The Shoulder
	18 Functional anatomy of the shoulder joint
	19 Visual inspection of the shoulder
	20 Palpation of the shoulder
	21 External rotation of the shoulder
	22 Internal rotation of the shoulder
	23 Crossed-arm adduction of the shoulder
	24 Abduction of the shoulder
	25 Painful conditions of the shoulder
	26 Shoulder instability syndromes
	27 The anterior drawer test
	28 The shift and load test for shoulder instability
	29 The apprehension test for anterior shoulder instability
	30 The jobe relocation test for anterior shoulder instability
	31 The andrews anterior apprehension test for anterior shoulder instability
	32 The posterior drawer test for posterior shoulder instability
	33 The jerk test for posterior shoulder instability
	34 The posterior clunk test for posterior shoulder instability
	35 The sulcus sign test for inferior glenohumeral instability
	36 The crank test for injury of the labrum of the glenohumeral joint
	37 The keibler anterior slide test for SLAP lesions
	38 The dynamic shear test for SLAP lesions
	39 The O'Brien active compression test for SLAP lesions
	40 An overview of shoulder impingement syndromes
	41 The neer test for shoulder impingement syndromes
	42 The Hawkins test for shoulder impingement syndromes
	43 The gerber subcoracoid impingement test
	44 The Zaslav rotation resistance test for shoulder impingement
	45 Bicipital tendinitis
	46 The speed test for bicipital tendinitis
	47 The Yergason test for bicipital tendinitis
	48 The snap test for subluxing biceps tendon syndrome
	49 The biceps entrapment test for biceps entrapment
	50 The gerber lift-off test for rupture of the subscapularis muscle
	51 The gerber belly press test for subscapularis weakness
	52 The internal rotation lag sign for rupture of the subscapularis tendon
	53 The snapping scapula test
	54 The ludington test for ruptured long tendon of the biceps
	55 Reverse popeye sign for rupture of the distal biceps tendon
	56 The squeeze test for distal rupture of the biceps tendon
	57 The hook test for rupture of the distal biceps tendon
	58 The Waldman hanger test for ruptured distal biceps tendon
	59 The supination pronation test for rupture of the distal biceps tendon
	60 Clinical correlates: Diseases of the rotator cuff
		What the rotator cuff is and what it does
		The pathogenesis of rotator cuff disease
	61 The drop arm test for complete rotator cuff tear
	62 The external rotation lag sign for rupture of the supraspinatus or infraspinatus tendon
	63 The dawbarn sign for supraspinatus tendinitis
	64 The empty can test for supraspinatus tendinopathy
	65 The jobe supraspinatus test
	66 The midarc abduction test for infraspinatus tendinitis
	67 The external rotation stress test for impairment of the infraspinatus and teres minor muscles
	68 The hornblower test for teres minor tear
	69 The drop arm test for subdeltoid bursitis
	70 The adduction release test for subcoracoid bursitis
	71 The adduction stress test for acromioclavicular joint dysfunction
	72 The chin adduction test for acromioclavicular joint dysfunction
	73 The paxino test for acromioclavicular joint dysfunction
	74 The Sergeants Chevron test for axillary nerve deficits
	75 The adson maneuver for thoracic outlet syndrome
	76 The costoclavicular test for thoracic outlet syndrome
	77 The hyperabduction test for thoracic outlet syndrome
Section III The Elbow
	78 Functional anatomy of the elbow joint
	79 Visual inspection of the elbow
	80 Palpation of the elbow
	81 Flexion and extension of the elbow
	82 Supination and pronation of the elbow
	83 The valgus stress flexion test for medial ligamentous incompetence
	84 The modified milking maneuver test for ulnar collateral ligament incompetence
	85 The varus stress flexion test for lateral ligamentous incompetence
	86 The lateral pivot-shift test for posterolateral insufficiency
	87 The froment paper sign for ulnar nerve entrapment at the elbow
	88 The jeanne sign for ulnar nerve entrapment at the elbow
	89 The wartenberg sign for ulnar nerve entrapment at the elbow
	90 The little finger adduction test for ulnar nerve entrapment at the elbow
	91 The valgus extension overload test for olecranon impingement
	92 The compression test for lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome
	93 The snap sign for snapping triceps syndrome
	94 The creaking tendon sign for triceps tendinitis
	95 The ballottement test for olecranon bursitis
	96 The tennis elbow test
	97 The maudsley test for lateral epicondylitis
	98 The chair lift test for lateral epicondylitis
	99 The golfers elbow test
	100 The polk test to differentiate lateral and medial epicondylitis
	101 The brachialis jump test for climbers elbow
Section IV The Forearm
	102 The compression test for radial tunnel syndrome
	103 The forced pronation test for pronator syndrome
	104 The pinch test for anterior interosseous syndrome
	105 The creaking tendon test for intersection syndrome
Section V The Wrist and Hand
	106 Functional anatomy of the WRIST
	107 Visual inspection of the WRIST and hand
		Dorsal aspect
		Palmar aspect
		Side view
	108 Palpation of the Wrist and hand
	109 Extension of the Wrist and hand
	110 Flexion of the Wrist and hand
	111 Adduction of the Wrist and hand
	112 Abduction of the Wrist and hand
	113 Painful conditions of the Wrist and hand
	114 The wristwatch test for cheiralgia paresthetica
	115 The finkelstein test for de quervain tenosynovitis
	116 The tethered thumb test for de quervain tenosynovitis
	117 The allen test for patency of the radial and ulnar arteries at the WRIST
	118 The watson stress test for arthritis of the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
	119 The swanson grind test for arthritis of the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
	120 The ulnar click test for ulnar impaction syndrome
	121 Carpal tunnel syndrome
	122 The tinel sign for carpal tunnel syndrome
	123 The phalen test for carpal tunnel syndrome
	124 The opponens weakness test for carpal tunnel syndrome
	125 The opponens pinch test for carpal tunnel syndrome
	126 The two-point discrimination test for carpal tunnel syndrome
	127 The dowart hotdog sign for carpal tunnel syndrome
	128 The spread sign for ulnar tunnel syndrome
	129 The flexion/extension test for ganglion cysts of the WRIST
	130 The hunchback carpal sign for carpal boss
	131 The tuck sign for extensor tenosynovitis of the WRIST
	132 The palmar band sign for dupuytren contracture
	133 The allen test for patency of the digital arteries of the fingers
	134 The catching tendon sign for trigger finger syndrome
	135 The sausage finger sign for psoriatic arthritis
	136 The swan neck deformity sign
	137 The Boutonnière deformity sign
	138 The heberden node sign for osteoarthritis of the distal interphalangeal joints
	139 The bouchard node sign for osteoarthritis of the proximal interphalangeal joints
	140 The ice water test for glomus tumor of the finger
Section VI The Chest Wall, Thorax, and Thoracic Spine
	141 The suprascapular notch sign for suprascapular nerve entrapment syndrome
	142 Winged scapula sign for entrapment of the long thoracic nerve of bell
	143 The shoulder retraction test for costosternal syndrome
	144 The swollen costosternal joint sign for tietze syndrome
	145 The shrug test for sternoclavicular joint dysfunction
	146 The hooking maneuver test for slipping rib syndrome
	147 The flexion test for acute thoracic vertebral compression fracture
Section VII The Lumbar Spine
	148 Functional anatomy of the lumbar spine
		The bony elements
		Movement
		The intervertebral disc
	149 An overview of the nomenclature of the diseased lumbar disc
		The normal disc
		The degenerated disc
		The diffusely bulging disc
		The focal disc protrusion
		The focal disc extrusion
		The sequestered disc
	150 An overview of painful conditions emanating from the lumbar spine
	151 Visual inspection of the lumbar spine
	152 Palpation of the lumbar spine
	153 Range of motion of the lumbar spine
		Flexion and extension
		Rotation and lateral bending
	154 The schober test for lumbar spine flexion
	155 The kemp test for lumbar facet joint pain
	156 The lumbar dermatomes
	157 The L4 neurologic level
	158 The L5 neurologic level
	159 The S1 neurologic level
	160 The lasegue straight leg raising test for lumbar root irritation
	161 The sitting straight leg raising test for lumbar root irritation
	162 The Naffziger jugular compression test for an equivocal lasegue straight leg raising test
	163 The flip test for lumbar nerve root irritation
	164 The buckling knee test for lumbar nerve root irritation
	165 The spurling test for lumbar nerve root irritation
	166 The bragard test for lumbar nerve root irritation
	167 The Ely test for lumbar nerve root irritation
	168 The Fajersztajn test for lumbar nerve root irritation
	169 The stoop test for spinal stenosis
	170 The Babinski sign for diseases of the corticospinal system
	171 The Chaddock sign for diseases of the corticospinal system
	172 The oppenheim sign for diseases of the corticospinal system
	173 The gordon reflex for diseases of the corticospinal system
Section VIII The Abdominal Wall and Pelvis
	174 The sit-up sign for anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome
	175 The waddling gait sign for osteitis pubis syndrome
	176 The direct pressure spring test for osteitis pubis
	177 The yeoman test for sacroiliac joint pain
	178 The van durson standing flexion test for sacroiliac joint pain
	179 The piedallu seated flexion test for sacroiliac joint pain
	180 The stork test for sacroiliac joint dysfunction
	181 The Gaenslen test for sacroiliac joint dysfunction
	182 The fortin finger test for sacroiliac joint dysfunction
	183 The sacroiliac compression and distraction test for pelvic fracture
	184 The numb medial thigh sign for obturator nerve entrapment syndrome
	185 The novice skier sign for ilioinguinal nerve entrapment syndrome
	186 The femoral stretch test
	187 The burning lateral thigh sign for meralgia paresthetica
Section IX The Hip
	188 Functional anatomy of the hip
	189 Visual inspection of the hip joint
	190 Palpation of the hip
	191 Flexion of the hip
	192 Extension of the hip
	193 Abduction of the hip
	194 Adduction of the hip
	195 Internal rotation of the hip
	196 External rotation of the hip
	197 Painful conditions of the hip
	198 The thomas test for flexion deformity of the hip
	199 The trendelenburg test for weak hip abductors
	200 The hopalong cassidy sign for antalgic gait
	201 The patrick/FABER test for hip pathology
	202 The Waldman knee squeeze test for adductor tendinitis
	203 The resisted hip extension test for ischial bursitis
	204 The resisted hip abduction test for gluteal bursitis
	205 The external derotation test for gluteal tendinopathy
	206 The hip lag test for gluteus medius tear
	207 The resisted hip adduction test for iliopsoas bursitis
	208 The piriformis test for piriformis syndrome
	209 The freiberg forceful internal rotation test for piriformis syndrome
	210 Pace nagel resisted contraction maneuver for piriformis syndrome
	211 The FAIR test for piriformis syndrome
	212 The beatty test for piriformis syndrome
	213 The piriformis syndrome sign
	214 The heel contralateral knee (HCLK) test for piriformis syndrome
	215 The resisted abduction release test for trochanteric bursitis pain
	216 The fulcrum test for stress fractures of the femoral shaft
	217 The ober test for iliotibial band contracture
	218 The snap sign for snapping hip syndrome
	219 The hip dislocator test for snapping hip syndrome
	220 The fan test for snapping hip syndrome
	221 External snapping hip test for external snapping hip syndrome
	222 The internal snapping hip test for internal snapping hip syndrome
	223 Active iliopsoas snapping test for internal snapping hip syndrome
Section X The Knee
	224 Functional anatomy of the knee
	225 Visual inspection of the knee
	226 Palpation of the knee
	227 Flexion of the knee
	228 Extension of the knee
	229 Rotation of the knee
	230 An overview of painful conditions of the knee
	231 The bulge sign for small joint effusions
	232 The ballottement test for large joint effusions
	233 The valgus stress test for medial collateral ligament integrity
	234 The swain rotary stability test for medial knee instability
	235 The varus stress test for lateral collateral ligament integrity
	236 The anterior drawer test for anterior cruciate ligament integrity
	237 The flexion-rotation anterior drawer test for anterior cruciate ligament instability
	238 The lachman test for anterior cruciate ligament integrity
	239 The posterior drawer test for posterior cruciate ligament integrity
	240 The hughston external rotation-recurvatum test for posterior cruciate ligament instability
	241 The quadriceps active test for posterior cruciate ligament integrity
	242 The pivot shift test for anterolateral rotary instability
	243 The reverse pivot shift test of jakob for posterolateral instability
	244 The tibial external rotation test for injury to the posterolateral corner
	245 The perkins test for patellofemoral pain syndrome
	246 The patellar grind test for patellofemoral pain syndrome
	247 The fairbanks apprehension test for lateral patellar subluxation
	248 The patellar tilt test for lateral retinacular dysfunction
	249 The mcmurray test for torn meniscus
	250 The apley grinding test for meniscal tear
	251 The squat test for meniscal tear
	252 The thessaly test for meniscal tear
	253 The twist test for semimembranosus insertion syndrome
	254 The knee extension test for quadriceps expansion syndrome
	255 Bursitis of the knee
		Suprapatellar bursitis
		Prepatellar bursitis
		Superficial and deep infrapatellar bursitis
		Pes anserine bursitis
	256 The creaking tendon sign for hamstring tendinitis
	257 The nobel compression test for iliotibial band syndrome
	258 The bump sign for baker cyst of the knee
	259 Foucher sign for baker cyst
Section XI The Ankle and Foot
	260 Functional anatomy of the ankle and foot
		The hindfoot
		The midfoot
		The forefoot
	261 Visual inspection of the ankle and foot
	262 Palpation of the ankle and foot
	263 The wave test for ankle joint effusion
	264 The anterior drawer test for anterior talofibular ligament insufficiency
	265 The inversion test for anterior talofibular ligament insufficiency
	266 The eversion test for deltoid ligament insufficiency
	267 The squeeze test for syndesmosis ankle strain
	268 The external rotation test for syndesmosis ankle strain
	269 The tinel sign for anterior tarsal tunnel syndrome
	270 The tinel sign for posterior tarsal tunnel syndrome
	271 The creak sign for achilles tendinitis
	272 The toe raise test for achilles tendon rupture
	273 The thompson squeeze test for achilles tendon rupture
	274 The matles test for achilles tendon rupture
	275 The calcaneal jump sign for plantar fasciitis
	276 The calcaneal squeeze test for calcaneal stress fracture
	277 The windlass test for plantar fasciitis
	278 The mulder sign for morton neuroma
	279 Digital nerve stretch test for morton neuroma
	280 Metatarsophalangeal dorsal drawer test for plantar plate insufficiency
	281 The paper pullout test for plantar plate insufficiency
Index
	A
	B
	C
	D
	E
	F
	G
	H
	I
	J
	K
	L
	M
	N
	O
	P
	Q
	R
	S
	T
	U
	W
	Y
	Z
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