Petrochronology: Methods and Applications

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		REVIEWS In
		Volume 5
		ORTHOSILICATES
		SECOND EDITION
		PAUL H. RISSE, Editor
		The Authors
		Friedrich Liebau
		E. Patrick Meagher
		J. Alexander Speer
		Gordon E. Brown, Jr.
		Series Editor
		Paul H. Ribbe
		MINERALOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
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		COPYRIGHT
		1982
		PRINTED BY
		REVIEWS IN MINERALOGY
		~
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		ORTHOSI LI CATES
		FOREWORD
		SECOND EDITON
		iii
REV005Acknowl.pdf
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			ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
			PREFACE
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		ORTHOSILICATES
		TABLE of CONTENTS
		...............
		................
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		CHAPTER 4. THE ACTINIDE ORTHOSILICATES
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		CHAPTER 9. TOPAZ
		CHAPTER 10. THE HUHITE SERIES AND Mn-ANALOGS
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		CHAPTER 10,
		OLIVINES AND SILICATE SPINELS
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		CHAPTER 11, continued
		Observations from X-ray and spectroscopic studies
		Factors affecting octahedral cation distributions in olivines
		olivines and orthopyroxenes
		CHAPTER 12. HISCELLANEOUS ORTHOSILICATES
		J.A. Speer & P.H. Ribbe
		CHAPTER 13. ORTHOSILICATES with Si04 Polymerized to
		Other Tetrahedral Po1yanions J.A. Speer & P.H. Ribbe
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		Chapter 1
		CLASSIFICATION of SILICATES
		F. Liebau
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	Tables
		Table 1
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		~
		b
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		~
		
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		a
		b
		c
		d
		a
		c
		5
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		a
		b
	Tables
		Table 1
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	Tables
		Table 1
		Table 2
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	Titles
		a
		b
		c
		d
		e
		f
		9
		h
		b
		9
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	Tables
		Table 1
		Table 2
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		a
		b
		e
		\" . \" \" \" \" \"
		~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
		a
		11
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		1I1I1I1I1I1I
		a
		a
		b
		c
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		d
		{b,md} [PSi 0 ]
		b
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		______ H +--------.------,----------,---
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	Tables
		Table 1
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		> 4 : 1
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	Tables
		Table 1
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		23
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		SILICATE GARNETS
		Chapter 2
		E. P. Meagher
		xyz.
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	Tables
		Table 1
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	Titles
		28
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		x
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		\'\",--------------------
		30
	Tables
		Table 1
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	Tables
		Table 1
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		yttrium.
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	Tables
		Table 1
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		Struatural response to ahemiaal variations
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		h
		h
		o. Aubry et al , (1969)
		go
		37
	Tables
		Table 1
		Table 2
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		·0,
	Tables
		Table 1
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	Tables
		Table 1
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		Structural response to elevated temperatures
		44
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		°
		°
		2.60 ::----::;:::---::\'--~c:_--,._:_--r--,...----.---_,_-___,
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		Structural response to elevated pressures
Page 23
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		o
		H ,0 in garnet (mole)
		50
	Tables
		Table 1
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		v,
		...
		..
		..
		.... .\"..,.~ ....
		~
		0, Mg
		. .
		..
		....
		..
		. .
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	Titles
		Am. Mineral., 52, 773-781.
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		Petrol., 52, 285-305.
		Mineral., 8, 11-22.
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		Accad. Patavina, Sci. Mat. Nat., 78, 153-164.
		Phys. Earth Planet. Int., 3, 109-155.
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		Am. Mineral., 43, 595-600.
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		ZIRCON
		Chapter 3
		J. A. Speer
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		68
	Tables
		Table 1
		Table 2
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	Tables
		Table 1
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		Zircon
		J~~~
		./010\\
		4\'~\'
		Scheelite
		141/0
		Monazite
		KAIF4
	Tables
		Table 1
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		zircon
		10-50
		50-90
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		I 234 5 6
	Tables
		Table 1
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		: I\': /
		1/ ~~I~j
		It::! ~~
		m\" \"\'\" 0; i !
	Tables
		Table 1
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		Zr(OH)4
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		o
		o
		@
		(3) Coarse
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		,
	Tables
		Table 1
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		~-----­
		9-· 6Ji:j,
		ai, -. ~
		I
		~
		---...._____
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	Tables
		Table 1
		Table 2
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	Titles
		p
		y
		R
		A
		M
		o
		E
		s
		{ roo}
		{110} > [100
		{WO} >{110
		{lOa} ; (11O)
		{lOOl» {110
		p
		R
		s
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		A
		Figure 9. Types and subtypes fundamental to the classification of zircons. (After Pupin
		\"110
		•
		.. -\'
		87
	Tables
		Table 1
		Table 2
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	Tables
		Table 1
		Table 2
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		I
		1
		I
		iii I
		~f-----l----+I----:--: -I \'
		+-~--~--~-4~J___~i--~-+
		I I b 0
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		6.4 r---r---,--r--,..---,.----..--,
		o.
		0<
		-
		o,A
		b.
		L
		6 .. I I\" ••• _
		0< . ,.\' - \'.00 C. • ,e\' C 1\'37 ., •• \' _
		• .e.o .\'\" .0
		\" \" I ;\".\'
		...
		O,A
		92
	Tables
		Table 1
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		Mole % HfSi04
		c
		a
		93
	Tables
		Table 1
		Table 2
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		\"\'.-
		::
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		98
	Tables
		Table 1
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		Isotopic u, Th-Pb method.
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		Chemica Z methods.
		Fission track method.
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		Thermoluminescenee dating.
		Degree of metamictization.
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		Effimoff, I. (1972) The Chemiaal and Morphotogical Variations of Zircons from the Boutder
Page 42
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	Titles
		Chapter 4
		J. A. Speer
		-
		Ionic radius, A
		P y. -
		a.
		N I·
		A· .-
		~ Imtf./ Th
		: 280 / Po -
		U -
Page 2
	Tables
		Table 1
		Table 2
		Table 3
		Table 4
Page 3
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	Titles
		? OOl?
		~ ~O\'\" <
		-===D,.-i -=..:..:. (y--
		012\" O,,~( ,
		(> ~,_j
		0-<
		,_j
		L.
		116
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	Tables
		Table 1
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	Tables
		Table 1
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	Tables
		Table 1
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		/.,.1-
		. ../\'./
		Th(OH}4
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		-1
		Halogens.
Page 12
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	Tables
		Table 1
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	Tables
		Table 1
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	Titles
		quartz
		U02
		baddeleyite
		USi04
		Si02
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	Tables
		Table 1
		Table 2
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		2 Th(Si04)
		h 1\\
		uttonite
		brcbontite
		Kuttakuzhi • / .-,--Namibia
		L..---\"---India - \"\':-...China
		2 Ce(P04) CaTh(P04)2
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	Titles
		Chapter 5
		P. H. Ribbe
Page 2
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		Lx
		J
		j
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	Tables
		Table 1
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		\"
		?
		I I.
		li/
		Effective Octahedral Radius
		Effective Octahedral Radius
	Tables
		Table 1
		Table 2
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		0*
	Tables
		Table 1
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		CHLORITOID
		Chapter 6
		P. H. Ribbe
		-7
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		a
		-b~5.5A-
		LAYER 1 [FerAI02(OH)4r\'
		156
	Tables
		Table 1
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	Tables
		Table 1
		Table 2
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		.,
		162
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		Mn
		...... \'\"
		Mg
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		-1 -1
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		Hansc.om, R.H. (1973) The Crystal Chemistry and Polymorphism of Chloritoid.
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		STAUROLITE
		Chapter 7
		P. H. Ribbe
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		x
		172
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		1
		c
		1
		.
		m
		I
		z-o.lor~ z .. Q
		a
		b
		174
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	Tables
		Table 1
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		o - 0
		p, .... /\"
		.\' ~ d b\' 8 .. \' \'~
Page 8
	Tables
		Table 1
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		l
		t:€ aD. ------1 f-
		\"l\'c----.J--+\'-\'-. . j
		565 C :\" °-:-\'--:06;-< .1--:-
Page 13
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		\'\"
		~
		....
		\'\"
		Fe (Atoms per unit cell)
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		TWINNING
		~~~ .
		. _ .. :. .. .. : ~ .
		.... . ~
		13 14 ---is
Page 16
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		Chapter 8
		KY ANITE, ANDALUSITE and Other Aluminum Silicates
		P.H. Ribbe
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		l \\
		/
		\"\"
		\'\"
Page 3
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	Titles
		Plmm Pnnm pI
		\"1=
		I 00\'
		~ -,
	Tables
		Table 1
Page 5
	Tables
		Table 1
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		rl
		Differential hardness and cleavage.
		TWinning, deformation mechanisms, and antiphase domain boundaries.
		III
Page 8
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		b
Page 9
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		197
	Tables
		Table 1
Page 10
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		201
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	Titles
		~
		.,..
		b.
		c.
	Tables
		Table 1
		Table 2
Page 15
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	Titles
		b.
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		KANII
	Tables
		Table 1
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		no
		o
		(b) REFRACTIVE INDICES
		207
Page 20
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		~~~~~~~~~----------------~~~----~~--- -x x ~--~--
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		•
		~
		,
		IR!AJ-
	Tables
		Table 1
		Table 2
Page 24
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Page 26
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		TOPAZ
		Chapter 9
		P. H. Ribbe
Page 2
	Titles
		a
		b
		c
		F
		F
		AI
		~
		AI~
		F
		f
		Si
		e
		AI
		Si
		0(1)
		AI
		d
		216
Page 3
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		/~
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		a*
		GJ/I
Page 6
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	Titles
		221
	Tables
		Table 1
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		Weight % Fluorine
		15
		-- ...... _--
		---_ ~\'-
		---- -- .... _ ...... =s.. <,
		-_--~~~~
		\"\"\"\'t~~
		+\'~
		ORTHORHOMBICc ~T~O~PA:Z~---,-~~,--~....___;o
		b
		40\"0\' 5\' Kt 15\' 20\' 25\'
		Extinction angle
		224
	Tables
		Table 1
		Table 2
		Table 3
		Table 4
Page 11
Page 12
Page 13
Page 14
Page 15
Page 16
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	Titles
		Chapter 10
		The HUMITE SERIES and Mn-ANALOGS
		P. H. Ribbe
Page 2
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	Titles
		o .\",
		p-q!\" \'\"--- e
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	Tables
		Table 1
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	Titles
		b
		s.o,
		235
	Tables
		Table 1
Page 6
Page 7
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	Titles
		Si:(F+OH+OTi) Sahama (1953)
		Sahama (1953) concluded that deviations from ideal compostitions were
		mainly due to analytical errors, particularly for F and H20.
		Jones et
		al. (1969, pp. 405-407) confirmed his assessment:
		their microprobe
		data showed relatively insignificant (±2%) departure from stoichiometric
		balance (Fig. 4).
		They did mention the possibility that \"very fine
		..
		52
		..
		2 ~~.$\"
		/
		a
		c
		ATOMIC PROPORTIONS
		(~)1f.1 • OH + F + OTi (xIO\')
		238
	Tables
		Table 1
Page 9
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	Titles
		Name, space group
		MJ
		After Kocman &
		240
	Tables
		Table 1
Page 11
Page 12
	Tables
		Table 1
Page 13
Page 14
Page 15
Page 16
Page 17
	Titles
		B h\'1~ \\-. } -6.0~
		.\' .\" +6\\6 2~
		~;;, - :\'U_1.:u-~
		Mm •
		,. ~ B ~\'49 +\\\'~09 _\'J8
		~. -~ 167f-\'~
		/\" .~.:-lt.~
		\"\'21, .(3) ~M(2) \"\\\'3.2 - ... \\
		-\'Y
Page 18
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	Titles
		°2
		1:...1i!E::::: 00
		Ti ORDERED INTO M3
		Ti DISORDERED IN M
		o
		\'c
		o
Page 20
	Tables
		Table 1
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	Titles
		I
		~ [ ./
		.:
		.. .;
		__...
	Tables
		Table 1
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	Titles
		B
		873°K, 2000 bar /!
		/
		254
	Tables
		Table 1
Page 25
Page 26
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	Titles
		o
		Fraction of tetrahedrol sites filled
		(F+ O.50Til/( F+ OH +OTi)
		257
	Tables
		Table 1
		Table 2
Page 28
Page 29
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	Titles
		....
		-
		....
		E
		\"
		~
		a:
	Tables
		Table 1
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Page 32
Page 33
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	Titles
		1 ,,,!,, I 1
	Tables
		Table 1
		Table 2
Page 35
	Tables
		Table 1
		Table 2
Page 36
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	Titles
		o
		200 A
		I\" I I! I :
		1111 111111111 : I H
		I II 1III
		11111
Page 38
	Titles
		Twin
		I
		33 5 I I , , I I I I I I\' \'I I I I I I I! I I I I I
		I \'!
		A
		A
		B
		A
		A
	Tables
		Table 1
Page 39
	Titles
		\"\"
		\" \"
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Page 40
Page 41
Page 42
Page 43
Page 44
	Titles
		White, T.J. (1982a) The Humite and Leucophoenicite Structural Families. Ph.D. Dissertation,
Page 1
	Titles
		Chapter 11
		G. E. Brown, Jr.
Page 2
Page 3
Page 4
	Titles
		Q-----
Page 5
Page 6
	Tables
		Table 1
		Table 2
		Table 3
Page 7
Page 8
Page 9
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	Titles
		MgMg
		MgFe
		Fe Fe
Page 11
Page 12
	Titles
		Table 3. Compounds with the Olivine Structure Type (After Brown, 1970 and
		l~!e:~~:~ :;y S:~i!O~:~u~~o:u!!e~n:~:a::~ ~!9~:!~ntheses to the right of each compound.
		286
	Tables
		Table 1
Page 13
	Titles
		Table 3, continued
Page 14
Page 15
Page 16
Page 17
	Titles
		Fo
		Fa
		Te
Page 18
Page 19
	Titles
		Fo
	Tables
		Table 1
Page 20
	Titles
		MANGANESE
		Fo
		•
		FA
		Fo
		•
		.._._
		•
		••
		•
		•
	Tables
		Table 1
Page 21
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Page 23
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	Titles
		302
Page 29
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	Titles
		\'\"
	Tables
		Table 1
		Table 2
Page 31
	Titles
		y, 6
		z , y
		14/1;>r 1 1 1:::>\'=14.3
		d~ 1 1 13-9
		~ ~....q >1 I
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		p.::;8+t====1 I 3,3
	Tables
		Table 1
		Table 2
Page 32
	Titles
		ex µ y
	Tables
		Table 1
		Table 2
Page 33
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	Titles
		..,
		MQ.Sic,
		.\"~
		alA) ~ a ,:
		~
		Figure 15. Variation in unit cell parameters for fiye olivine crystal­
		JOB
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	Titles
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		UNIT CELL VOLUME ($..3)
		~
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		70
	Tables
		Table 1
Page 38
	Titles
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REV005C011_p373-381.pdf
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		Chapter 12
		MISCELLANEOUS ORTHOSILICATES
		I.A. Speer & P.H. Ribbe
		Fleischer, M. (1981) The Ford-Fleischer File of Mineralogical References.
		Mineralogische Tabellen, 6th edition.
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