Perspectives and Trends in Education and Technology: Selected Papers from ICITED 2021 (Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, 256)

Preface
Contents
About the Editors
1 Qualitative Research Methodology Applied to Studies in Administrative Sciences
	1.1 Introduction
		1.1.1 Qualitative Research Methodology
		1.1.2 Scientific Rigour in Qualitative Research
		1.1.3 Qualitative-Naturalistic Research Route
	1.2 Application Proposals
		1.2.1 Future Advances and Limitations
	1.3 Conclusion
	References
2 Cybersecurity in Smart Cities: Technology and Data Security in Intelligent Transport Systems
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Context and Related Works
		2.2.1 Consequences
		2.2.2 Security Risk Within Smart Cities
		2.2.3 Cybersecurity Challenges on IoT Devices
	2.3 Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS)
		2.3.1 ITS Infrastructure
		2.3.2 ITS Security Architecture
		2.3.3 ITS Security Threats
		2.3.4 ITS Security as Technology
	2.4 ITS Technology and Data Security
		2.4.1 Sources and Data Types of Transport Systems
		2.4.2 Vulnerabilities and Security Risks
		2.4.3 Threat Modeling
		2.4.4 Discussions and Conclusions
	2.5 ITS Threat Analysis and Classification
		2.5.1 Entities Involved
		2.5.2 Technical Approach and Modeling
		2.5.3 Classification of ITS Attacks
		2.5.4 Collision Hazard Warning
	2.6 Assessment and Conclusion
		2.6.1 Difficulties and Opportunities
		2.6.2 Results
		2.6.3 Conclusion
	References
3 Youth Associations in Academia: Their Implications for the Creation and Development of an Entrepreneurial Profile
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Young Entrepreneurship and Academic Associations in Portugal
	3.3 Methodology
		3.3.1 Sample and Data Collection Procedure
		3.3.2 Survey by Questionnaire
	3.4 Presentation and Discussion of Results
		3.4.1 Generic Sample Characterization
		3.4.2 Survey Results
		3.4.3 Potential Entrepreneurship Index
		3.4.4 Discussion
	3.5 Final Considerations
	References
4 Modular Educational Ecosystem as Academic Support During COVID-19 Emergency at Mexico City-IPN in 2020
	4.1 Introduction
		4.1.1 Ecosystems
		4.1.2 Instituto Politecnico Nacional Ecosystem
	4.2 Academic Continuity Plan (ACP). At Mexico City-IPN
		4.2.1 Methodological Proposal for Distance Learning Assessment with IPN Modular Ecosystem
	4.3 Discussion and Results
	4.4 Conclusions
	References
5 The Incidence of Abuse and School Harassment Among Foreign and Spanish Students in Extremadura
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Method
		5.2.1 Sample
		5.2.2 Instruments
		5.2.3 Procedure
	5.3 Results
		5.3.1 Witnesses
		5.3.2 Victims
		5.3.3 Aggressors
	5.4 Discussion/Conclusions
	References
6 Tití App, an Interactive Psycho-Pedagogical Recovery Tool: A Pilot Study
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Method
		6.2.1 Participants
		6.2.2 Instruments
		6.2.3 Procedure
		6.2.4 Structure of the Tool and Exercises
	6.3 Results and Discussion
	References
7 Accessibility and Usability in Learning Objects
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 Objectives and Methods
		7.2.1 Eligibility and Selection of References Criteria
	7.3 Results
	7.4 Accessibility and Usability in Learning Objects
	7.5 Discussion
	7.6 Final Considerations
	References
8 Museum, School and Augmented Reality, a Way to Preserve the Ethnic Identity of an Ancestral Culture
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 Theoretical Bases: History and Uses of Augmented Reality (AR)
		8.2.1 Historical Concepts of Augmented Reality
		8.2.2 Requirements and Types of Augmented Reality
		8.2.3 Use of the Augmented Reality at School and Museum Levels
	8.3 Materials and Methodology
	8.4 Results
		8.4.1 Perception of the Community About Their Self-Identity
		8.4.2 Characterization of the Archaeological Objects
		8.4.3 Modelling of the Pieces and Augmented Reality
		8.4.4 Design of the Pieces in Augmented Reality
		8.4.5 Design of the Web Platform
	8.5 Conclusion
	References
9 Multinomial Logistic Regression Model for Prioritization of COVID-19 Vaccination in Portoviejo—Ecuador
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Multinomial Logistic Regression
	9.3 A Brief Overview of Relevant Function
	9.4 Stochastic Gradient Descent
	9.5 Result
	9.6 Discussion and Conclusions
	References
10 Visual Metrics for Educational Videogames Linked to Socially Assistive Robots in an Inclusive Education Framework
	10.1 Introduction
	10.2 Materials and Methods
		10.2.1 Sample
		10.2.2 Data Collection
		10.2.3 Visual Control Tool
		10.2.4 Required Settings
		10.2.5 Stage
	10.3 Analysis and Results
		10.3.1 OpenFace Results
		10.3.2 Dashboard Results
	10.4 Discussion and Conclusion
		10.4.1 Future Work
	References
11 How Teams Learn Agility, a Beginner’s Guide for Software Development
	11.1 Introduction
	11.2 Background
		11.2.1 Agile Methodologies
		11.2.2 Agile Methodology Learning
	11.3 Materials and Methods
		11.3.1 Development Phase
		11.3.2 Survey Evaluation Phase
		11.3.3 Problem Detection Phase
		11.3.4 Application of Good Practices Phase
	11.4 Results
		11.4.1 Evaluation of Methodology Surveys
		11.4.2 Evaluation of Quality Surveys
		11.4.3 Consolidated Results
	11.5 Conclusion
	References
12 Didactics Strategy Using ICT, for Kids with Trisomy of Pair 21
	12.1 Introduction
	12.2 Context
	12.3 Materials and Method
	12.4 Characteristics of the Target Population
	12.5 General Structure Design
	12.6 Results
	12.7 Conclusion
	References
13 Can We Assess Creativity? The Use of Rubrics for Evaluating Transcreation in the Undergraduate Program of Translation and Interpreting
	13.1 Background
	13.2 Methodology
		13.2.1 Transcreation Briefs
		13.2.2 Rubrics for Evaluating Transcreation
	13.3 Proposed Assessment Tool
	13.4 Conclusions
	References
14 The Place of Latin American Universities in International University Rankings. A Multivariate Statistical Analysis
	14.1 Introduction
		14.1.1 Latin American Universities in International Rankings
	14.2 Methodology
	14.3 Results
		14.3.1 Latin Ratio
		14.3.2 International Perspective
	14.4 Discussion
	14.5 Conclusion
	References
15 Technology’s Impacts in the Students of Higher Education in the Covid-19 Pandemic Period
	15.1 Introduction
	15.2 The Impacts of Technology in the Students of Higher Education in the Covid-19 Pandemic Period
	15.3 Method
	15.4 Results
	15.5 Final Remarks
	References
16 Escape Rooms: Mathematical Challenges Available to Educators
	16.1 Introduction
	16.2 Related Research
	16.3 Methods
		16.3.1 Participants
		16.3.2 Materials
		16.3.3 Procedure
	16.4 Escape Rooms Design for Mathematics
		16.4.1 Escape Rooms Formulation
		16.4.2 Challenge Design
		16.4.3 Route Maps
		16.4.4 Final Rescue
	16.5 Results and Discussion
	16.6 Conclusions
	References
17 Kriging Prediction for Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Portoviejo—Ecuador
	17.1 Introduction
	17.2 Variogram
		17.2.1 Parametric Semivariogram
	17.3 Data of Continuous Variation
		17.3.1 Kriging
		17.3.2 Forecasting Models Accuracy
	17.4 Result
	17.5 Discussion and Conclusions
	References
18 Learning the Role of Museums as Drivers of Development
	18.1 Introduction
	18.2 Guggenheim Museum Bilbao
	18.3 Oskar Schindler Enamel Factory Museum in Krakow
	18.4 Louvre Lens and Pompidou-Metz
	18.5 Conclusions
	References
19 Charting a Path for Industry 4.0. An Industry and University Experience
	19.1 Introduction
	19.2 Objectives and Methodologies
		19.2.1 Reference Architecture Model Industry 4.0 (RAMI 4.0)
		19.2.2 Preventive Maintenance Model for Industry 4.0 Proposal
	19.3 The Proof of Concept (PoC)
	19.4 Conclusions
	19.5 Limitations and Future Research Work
	References
20 Qualitative Research Applied to Organisations. An Approach to Business Reality
	20.1 Introduction
	20.2 Materials and Methods
	20.3 Analysis and Discussion of the Results
	20.4 Conclusion
	References
21 Smart Production Planning and Control Model
	21.1 Industry 4.0 Definitions
	21.2 Change Forces for a Smart PPC: The Industry 4.0 Role
		21.2.1 Smart PPC Organizational Processes
	21.3 Results
		21.3.1 Main Industry 4.0 Technologies and Their Requirements
	21.4 Production Planning and Control and Industry 4.0 Ecosystems Synthesis
	21.5 Conclusions
	References
22 Investment Decisions According to the Miller and Markowitz Models. A Look at Smart Cash Management
	22.1 Introduction
	22.2 Literature Review
		22.2.1 Intelligent Treasury Management (ITM)
		22.2.2 Miller and Orr Models
		22.2.3 Markowitz Model
	22.3 Materials and Methods
		22.3.1 Livestock Sector Scenario
		22.3.2 Data Collection
	22.4 Analysis and Discussion of the Results
	22.5 Conclusion
	References
23 Technology 4.0 in Accounting: What Future for Education?
	23.1 Introduction
	23.2 Literature Review
	23.3 Methodology
	23.4 Discussion of Results
	23.5 Final Considerations
	References
24 The Importance of Opinion Leaders and Social Networking on Destination Brand Development—The Case Study of Discover Melgaço Brand
	24.1 Introduction
	24.2 Literature Review
	24.3 Methodology
	24.4 Discussion—“Discover Melgaço” Brand Destination
	24.5 Conclusion
	References
25 Ecuador and the Virtual High School Education in Pandemic Times
	25.1 Introduction
		25.1.1 Virtual Education and COVID-19
	25.2 Materials and Methods
	25.3 Results
	25.4 Conclusions
	References
26 Total Quality Management and Social Responsibility an Approach Through Their Synergies in Higher Education Institutions
	26.1 An Approach to Total Quality Management and Social Responsibility
		26.1.1 Total Quality Management
		26.1.2 Social Responsibility
	26.2 Synergies Between Total Quality Management and Social Responsibility
	26.3 Final Considerations
	References
27 Application of Gamification in Higher Education in the Teaching of English as a Foreign Language
	27.1 Introduction
	27.2 Method
		27.2.1 Participants
		27.2.2 Design
		27.2.3 Techniques for Data Analysis
	27.3 Results
	27.4 Discussion and Conclusions
	Appendix 1: Sample of Satisfaction Questionnaire According Likert Scale
	Appendix 2: Entrance Test to Measure the Acquisition of the Foreign Language Before the Application of Gamification Tools
	Appendix 3: Exit Test to Measure the Acquisition of the Foreign Language After the Application of Gamification Tools.
	References
28 Convexity in the Design of Bounded Surfaces and Unconventional Solids Using GeoGebra AR
	28.1 Introduction
	28.2 Basic Definitions
		28.2.1 Parametric Curves
		28.2.2 Parametric Surface
		28.2.3 Convex Set
	28.3 Convexity in Surface Design
		28.3.1 Case 1
		28.3.2 Case 2
	28.4 Conclusions
	References
29 forScrum, a Lesson to Learn for the 21st Century
	29.1 Introduction
	29.2 State of the Art
		29.2.1 Project-Based Learning
		29.2.2 eduScrum
	29.3 Characteristics of the Study
		29.3.1 Sample Features
		29.3.2 Methodology Used
	29.4 Analysis and Discussion of Results
	29.5 Conclusion
	References
30 Knowledge Management and Individual Job Performance in Higher Education: Proposal of a Conceptual Model
	30.1 Introduction
	30.2 Literature Review
		30.2.1 Knowledge Management
		30.2.2 Individual Job Performance
	30.3 Methodology
	30.4 Conclusion
	References
31 Spatial Skills Training Through Drawing Architectural Spaces Inside Immersive Virtual Reality
	31.1 Introduction
		31.1.1 Spatial Skills
		31.1.2 Training Spatial Skills
		31.1.3 Importance of the Spatial Skills in Architecture
		31.1.4 Objective
		31.1.5 Hypothesis
	31.2 Methodology
		31.2.1 Measurement Tools
		31.2.2 Training Design
		31.2.3 Participants
		31.2.4 Equipment
		31.2.5 Study Description
	31.3 Results
	31.4 Discussion
	31.5 Conclusions
	References
32 FunEasyLearn: An App for Learning Pronunciation?
	32.1 Introduction
	32.2 Pronunciation Training: Some Important Ideas
	32.3 The FunEasyLearn App
		32.3.1 General Description and Evaluation
		32.3.2 Potential for Pronunciation Learning
	32.4 Final Remarks
	References
33 The Influence of Higher Education Institutions on the Digital Development of the Regions
	33.1 Introduction
	33.2 Theoretical Background
		33.2.1 The Portuguese Economy and the Digital Transformation
		33.2.2 The Role of Higher Education in Digital Transformation
	33.3 Research Issues, Objectives, and Methodology
	33.4 Data Collection Process
	33.5 Discussion of Results
		33.5.1 Motivations and Challenges
		33.5.2 Skills and Participation
		33.5.3 Contribution
	33.6 Conclusion
	References
34 Autonomous Control of an Electric Vehicle by Computer Vision Applied to the Teaching–Learning Process
	34.1 Introduction
	34.2 Problem Formulation
	34.3 Construction of the Prototype
	34.4 Image Processing and Control Algorithm
		34.4.1 Horizontal Signage Processing
		34.4.2 Image Classifier
	34.5 Experimental Results
	34.6 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
35 Web Accessibility for Socioeconomic and Education Development in Excluded Areas of Eastern Ecuador
	35.1 Introduction
	35.2 Material and Methods
		35.2.1 Foundation of Wireless Networks
		35.2.2 Standards
		35.2.3 Wi-Fi Network Elements
		35.2.4 Security in Telecommunications Networks
	35.3 Results
		35.3.1 Analysis of the Land
		35.3.2 Network Architecture
		35.3.3 Network Coverage
		35.3.4 Data Speed
		35.3.5 Performance.
		35.3.6 Equipment
	35.4 Discussion
	35.5 Conclusions
	References
36 New Accountant Curriculum Requirements in the Age of Robot Process Automation
	36.1 Introduction
	36.2 Literature Review
	36.3 Method
	36.4 Results and Discussion
	36.5 Conclusion
	References
37 Challenges and Policy in Times of Crisis—STEM in Digital Education
	37.1 Introduction
	37.2 Material and Methods
	37.3 Results and Discussion
	37.4 Conclusion
	References
38 Design and Evaluation of a Mobile Application for Interactive Reading
	38.1 Introduction
	38.2 Background and Related Work
		38.2.1 Interactive Reading
		38.2.2 Learning and Children Apps
		38.2.3 Similar Apps
		38.2.4 HCI Techniques
	38.3 The Mobile Application Prototype
		38.3.1 Design Process
		38.3.2 The Solution Architecture
		38.3.3 Development Process
		38.3.4 Main Features of the Mobile App Prototype
	38.4 Evaluation
		38.4.1 Results of the Evaluation
		38.4.2 Discussion
	38.5 Conclusions
	References
39 Digital Twins in Contemporary Education: Virtual Workshop
	39.1 Introduction
	39.2 Digital Technologies for Megascience Facilities
	39.3 Practical Course on Synchrotron Research Using Digital Twins of Megascience Facilities. Russian Case
	39.4 Goals and Objectives of an Educational Product Based on the Digital Twin of Unique Scientific Facility
	39.5 Conclusion
	References
40 Digital Footprint and Education: Some Remarks
	40.1 Introduction
	40.2 Some Peculiarities of Digital Footprint in Educational Process
	40.3 Conclusion
	References
41 From Alternative to Scientific Conceptions in the Learning of Physics of Sound: Students’ Perceptions of Learning Using Active Methodologies and Computer Simulators
	41.1 Framework
		41.1.1 Introduction
		41.1.2 Learning Physics in the Twenty-First Century
		41.1.3 Teaching for Conceptual Understanding
		41.1.4 Computer Simulators in the Educational Context
	41.2 Methodology
		41.2.1 Research Question and Objectives
		41.2.2 Intervention Design
		41.2.3 Educational Resources
		41.2.4 Research Design
	41.3 Results and Discussion
		41.3.1 Involvement in Activities
		41.3.2 Disorientation During Activities
		41.3.3 Surprise Effect During Activities
	41.4 Conclusions
	References
42 Pre-service Teachers’ Knowledge and the Use of Different Technologies to Teach Mathematics
	42.1 Introduction
	42.2 Knowledge for Teaching Mathematics with Technology—The Model
	42.3 Methodology
	42.4 Results—AB Pair
		42.4.1 Task 1
		42.4.2 Task 2
		42.4.3 Task 3
		42.4.4 Task 4
		42.4.5 Task 5
	42.5 Conclusion
	References
43 When Assessment Moves Home: The Digital Panopticon in Higher Education
	43.1 Introduction—Mirror Mirror on the Wall, Who is the Most Honest of Us All?
	43.2 Methods—The Actors in the Mirror
	43.3 The context—The Broken Mirror
	43.4 Results—The Other Side of the Mirror
		43.4.1 Students in the Mirror
		43.4.2 Teachers in the Mirror
	43.5 Discussion—Parallel Mirrors
	43.6 Conclusion
	References
44 Online Impulse Buying—Integrative Review of Psychological Factors
	44.1 Introduction
	44.2 Theoretical Framework
		44.2.1 Stress Reaction
		44.2.2 Self-esteem
		44.2.3 Materialism
		44.2.4 Boredom
		44.2.5 Positive Affect
		44.2.6 Absorption, Shopping Pleasure and Need for Hedonic and Utilitarian Consumption
		44.2.7 Habit
	44.3 Final Remarks
	References
45 Teaching and Learning in Tourism: The Case of Tourism Laboratory
	45.1 Introduction
	45.2 Literature Review
		45.2.1 Project-Based Learning
		45.2.2 Simulation (S)
		45.2.3 PbL and S in Tourism Laboratory
	45.3 Methodology
	45.4 Findings
		45.4.1 CU Characterization
		45.4.2 Frequency and Evaluation of the UC
		45.4.3 Students’ Opinion
	45.5 Conclusion
	References
46 “Cannot Stop Buying”—Integrative Review on Compulsive Buying
	46.1 Introduction
	46.2 Theoretical Framework
		46.2.1 Contextualization of Compulsive Buying
		46.2.2 Impulsive Buying and Compulsive Buying
		46.2.3 Compulsive Buying and Contingent Self-Esteem
		46.2.4 Etiology
		46.2.5 Epidemiology
		46.2.6 Diagnosis
		46.2.7 Family History
		46.2.8 Medical Screening
		46.2.9 Psychological and Pharmacological Treatment
	46.3 Final Remarks
	References
47 LoopAcademic: Helping the Learning and Teaching of Introductory Programming
	47.1 Introduction
	47.2 The Platform LoopAcademic
		47.2.1 Surface
	47.3 Evaluation
		47.3.1 Usability Test and Usability Inspection
		47.3.2 Execution of the Usability Test
	47.4 Analysis and Discussion of Results
	47.5 Related Work
	47.6 Conclusion
	References
48 3D Virtual Training System for a Bioreactor Using Hardware-in-the-Loop
	48.1 Introduction
	48.2 System Structure
	48.3 Hardware-in-the-Loop Structure
	48.4 Modeling and Control
		48.4.1 Modeling
		48.4.2 Controller Design
	48.5 Results
	48.6 Conclusions
	References
49 Level Process Control with Different Tank Configurations: Hardware-in-the-Loop Technique
	49.1 Introduction
	49.2 System Description
	49.3 Virtual Environment
	49.4 Mathematical Modeling
	49.5 Control Algorithms
		49.5.1 Model-Based Predictive Control
		49.5.2 Numerical Method-Based Control
	49.6 Analysis and Results
	49.7 Conclusions
	References
50 Strategic HRM Practices, Innovation Performance and Its Relationship on Export Performance: An Exploratory Study of SMEs in an Emerging Economy
	50.1 Introduction
		50.1.1 Exploring Strategic Human Resource Management Practices.
		50.1.2 Exploring Innovation Performance
		50.1.3 Exploring Export Performance and Its Determinants.
	50.2 Statement of Hypotheses
	50.3 Methodology
	50.4 Research Instrument
	50.5 Conclusions
	References
51 Soda Bottling Process Through the Virtual Hardware in the Loop Technique
	51.1 Introduction
	51.2 Virtual Environment
	51.3 Process Modeling
		51.3.1 Control Algorithm
	51.4 Experimental Results
	51.5 Conclusions
	References
52 Virtual Training System of a Horizontal Three-Phase Separator
	52.1 Introduction
	52.2 Oil Separation Process
	52.3 Virtual Environment
	52.4 Controller Structure
	52.5 Analysis and Results
		52.5.1 Virtual Environment
		52.5.2 Process Control
		52.5.3 System Usability
	52.6 Conclusions
	References
53 An Analysis of the Current and Future Needs of the Job Market Impacted by the Covid-19 Pandemic for MBA Graduates
	53.1 Introduction
	53.2 Literature Review and Methodology
	53.3 Results and Discussion
		53.3.1 Global Context
		53.3.2 Current and Future Trends in the Global Labor Market
		53.3.3 The Mexican Context
		53.3.4 Current and Future Trends in the Mexican Labor Market
		53.3.5 Regional Context
		53.3.6 Analysis of the Labor Market in Baja California
		53.3.7 Characteristics of the Job Market for the MBA Graduate in Mexico and Baja California
		53.3.8 Conclusions
	References
54 Virtual Learning Environment for a Multivariate System
	54.1 Introduction
	54.2 Problem Formulation
	54.3 Modeling and Control
	54.4 Process Virtualization
	54.5 Experimental Results
	54.6 Conclusions
	References
55 Virtual Environments to Fuzzy Control Applied to Nonlinear Autoclave Reactor
	55.1 Introduction
	55.2 Autoclave Reactor
	55.3 Controller Fuzzy
	55.4 Environment Virtualized
	55.5 Results
	55.6 Conclusions
	References
56 Temperature Control of an Electric Through Virtual Hardware in the Loop Technique
	56.1 Introduction
	56.2 Virtual Hardware in the Loop
		56.2.1 Virtual Environment
	56.3 Modeling
	56.4 Controllers Design
		56.4.1 PID Controller
		56.4.2 Fuzzy Controller
		56.4.3 Predictive Control Based on Model
	56.5 Experimental Results
		56.5.1 Controllers Comparison
	56.6 Conclusions
	References
57 Modeling and Control of Omnidirectional Robots with Displaced Center of Mass
	57.1 Introduction
	57.2 Omnidirectional Robot
		57.2.1 Kinematic Model
		57.2.2 Dynamic Model
	57.3 Control Schemes
	57.4 Experimental Results
	57.5 Conclusions
	References
58 Virtual Environment of an Industrial Process for Learning and Teaching
	58.1 Introduction
	58.2 Problem Formulation
	58.3 Virtualization of the Industrial Environment
	58.4 Immersion and Control
		58.4.1 PID Control
		58.4.2 MPC Control
		58.4.3 Fuzzy Control
	58.5 Analyses and Results
	58.6 Conclusions
	References
59 Advanced Controllers for Level Processes: Hardware-in-the-Loop Technique
	59.1 Introduction
	59.2 Level Processes
	59.3 Control Strategies
		59.3.1 MPC Controller
		59.3.2 Control Fuzzy
	59.4 Experimental Results
	59.5 Conclusion
	References
60 Internet Access and Acceptance of a Scholar Information System in Mexican University Students
	60.1 Introduction
		60.1.1 The Technology Acceptance Model
		60.1.2 TAM in Universities
		60.1.3 Internet Access as an External Variable of the TAM
	60.2 Method
		60.2.1 Participants
		60.2.2 Instrument Design
		60.2.3 Data Analysis
	60.3 Results
		60.3.1 Measurement Model
		60.3.2 Hypothesis Testing
	60.4 Discussion
		60.4.1 Conclusions
	References
61 Oral Communication Apprehension in Portuguese Accounting Students
	61.1 Introduction
	61.2 Methodology
		61.2.1 Sample and Its Characterisation
		61.2.2 Measuring Instruments
		61.2.3 Validity and Reliability of PRCA
	61.3 Results
		61.3.1 Higher Education Institutions
		61.3.2 Gender
		61.3.3 Higher Education Institutions vs Gender
		61.3.4 Age
		61.3.5 Higher Education Institutions vs Age
		61.3.6 Curricular year
		61.3.7 Higher Education Institutions vs Age
	61.4 Final Considerations
	References
62 Information Science, Museology, and the Management of the ISEP Museum Collection—Theoretical Framework of the Information professional\'s Performance
	62.1 Introduction
	62.2 Problem
	62.3 The Relationship Between Information Science and Museology
	62.4 Methods
	62.5 Results
	62.6 Final Considerations
	References
63 Translation Fit for Purpose: A Digital Collaborative Experience Using Project-Based Learning
	63.1 Introduction
	63.2 Theoretical Framework
		63.2.1 Project-Based Learning
		63.2.2 Project-Based Learning in Translation
	63.3 Methodology
	63.4 Results and Discussion
		63.4.1 Pretest Survey
		63.4.2 Posttest Survey and Portfolios
	63.5 Future Research
	References
64 Entrepreneurial Projects in the Classroom of the 1st Cycle of Basic Education (1st CEB): Solving Problems and Developing Reasoning
	64.1 Introduction
	64.2 Problem Under Study and Objectives
	64.3 Mathematical Reasoning, Problem-Solving and Mathematical Communication
	64.4 Research Methodology
	64.5 Data Collection Techniques and Tools
	64.6 Intervention Project- Trash Value Challenge
	64.7 Results Presentation and Analysis
	64.8 Conclusions
	References
65 Education and Innovation: Challenges for Teacher Continuing Education in Light of Post-pandemic Demands
	65.1 Introduction
	65.2 Perspectives on Teacher Education
	65.3 Digital Information and Communication Technologies “in” Teacher Education and Practice
	65.4 Final Considerations
	References
66 From the Classroom to Digital Platforms—A Study with Teachers and Families
	66.1 Introduction
	66.2 Method
		66.2.1 Participants
		66.2.2 Survey
	66.3 Results
	66.4 Discussion
	66.5 Conclusions
	References
67 Main Training Needs of the School Principal: An Integrative Literature Review Between Brazil and Portugal
	67.1 Introduction
	67.2 Methodology
		67.2.1 Aim and Research Question
		67.2.2 Approach
		67.2.3 Literature Search
		67.2.4 Data Evaluation
	67.3 Data Analysis
		67.3.1 Results
	67.4 Discussion
		67.4.1 Factors in Brazilian Articles
		67.4.2 Factors in Portuguese Articles
	67.5 Conclusions
	References
68 Characteristics of Remote Education in a Time of Pandemic: An Analysis of Transformative Teaching Practices in a Higher Education Institution
	68.1 Introduction
	68.2 Methodology
	68.3 The Information and Communication Technologies Applied to Distance Education
	68.4 Presentation and Discussion of Results
	68.5 Final Considerations
	References
69 Innovative Pedagogical Practices: A Longitudinal Study Conducted at the ESE of Fafe, Portugal
	69.1 Introduction
	69.2 Method
		69.2.1 Sample
		69.2.2 Material and Methods
		69.2.3 Procedures
	69.3 Results
	69.4 Discussion
	69.5 Conclusions
	References
70 The School Library and the Promotion of Reading and Writing: Evaluation of the Reading and Writing Project “Small Readers/Future Writers”
	70.1 Introduction
		70.1.1 The Role of the School Library in Promoting Reading and Writing
		70.1.2 Reading and Writing Project: “Small Readers/Future Writers”
	70.2 Method
	70.3 Results
	70.4 Discussion
	70.5 Conclusions
	References
71 Emergency Remote Teaching and Learning: An Experience Report
	71.1 Introduction
	71.2 Literature Review
		71.2.1 Defining Technology
		71.2.2 Cyberculture and Technologies in Education
		71.2.3 Distance Learning, Distance Education, and Emergency Remote Education: What Are the Differences?
		71.2.4 Learning Process
	71.3 Methods
		71.3.1 Resources
		71.3.2 Sample Description
		71.3.3 Procedures
		71.3.4 Data Analysis
		71.3.5 Type of Research
	71.4 Results
	71.5 Discussion
	71.6 Conclusions
	References
72 Contribution of the Emergence of Distance Learning in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Perspectives of Pre-school and Primary School Teachers
	72.1 The Development of Learning with Technologies
		72.1.1 Distance Learning as the Response to the Pandemic
	72.2 Issues, Methodological Options, and Research Objectives
		72.2.1 Instruments and Data Analysis Techniques
		72.2.2 Contextualization and Characterization of Participants
	72.3 Methodological Options and Research Objectives
	72.4 Conclusion
	References
73 Accessible Music for Everyone: Discovering Resources
	73.1 Introduction
	73.2 Purpose of Study
	73.3 Methodology
	73.4 Findings
	73.5 Conclusions
	References
74 Parental Mediation of the Use of the Internet: A Psychometric Study with Portuguese Pre-adolescents
	74.1 Introduction
		74.1.1 Pre-adolescents’ Use of the Internet
		74.1.2 Parental Mediation of Sons/Daughters’ Use of the Internet
	74.2 Method
		74.2.1 Participants
		74.2.2 Measures
		74.2.3 Procedures
	74.3 Results
		74.3.1 Internal Structure and Reliability
		74.3.2 Variations for Groups and Associations with Other Variables
	74.4 Discussion
	References
75 Extreme Value Theory—Application of the Peaks Over Threshold Method and the Generalized Pareto Distribution to Athletics Decathlon and Heptathlon
	75.1 Introduction
	75.2 Preliminaries
		75.2.1 Threshold Choice in a POT Approach
		75.2.2 Estimation of the Extremal Parameters
		75.2.3 Choose Between GPD or Exponential Model
		75.2.4 Select the “Best” Model
		75.2.5 Diagnostics
		75.2.6 Estimation of Other Important Quantities
	75.3 The Data
	75.4 Results
		75.4.1 Randomness and Stationarity
		75.4.2 Sample Characterization
		75.4.3 Threshold Choice
		75.4.4 Parameters Estimates
		75.4.5 Select Exponential Versus GPD
		75.4.6 Select Model
		75.4.7 Diagnostics
		75.4.8 Estimation of Other Relevant Quantities
	75.5 Conclusions
	References
76 Distance Learning in an International Context: A Case of Success
	76.1 Introduction
	76.2 Distance Professional Training
	76.3 Technologies Related to Distance Learning
	76.4 Portugal—Brazil Relationship in the Context of Distance Professional Training
	76.5 Methodology
		76.5.1 Case Study
		76.5.2 Partnership Between IF/CE-CPLP, EM/UFRJ and FUNARTE
		76.5.3 Structuring and Production of the Photography and Digital Image Course
	76.6 Outcomes
	76.7 Discussion and Reflection
	References
77 Virtual Lab Virtues in Distance Learning
	77.1 Introduction
	77.2 Identifying the Problem
		77.2.1 Lack of Practice on Virtual Labs
		77.2.2 Potential Solution Analysis
	77.3 Proposed Solution
		77.3.1 Objects Manipulation
		77.3.2 Lab Experience Description
		77.3.3 Chemical Experience Protocol Procedures in the Virtual Lab
	77.4 Evaluation of the Proposed Solution
		77.4.1 Real-World Chemical Experience Evaluation
	77.5 Final Remarks
	References
78 Rivers Flowing Toward the Sea: Education Inequalities During COVID-19 Identified Through a Quality and Satisfaction Questionnaire to Students Concerning E-Learning
	78.1 Introduction
	78.2 Theoretical Framework
		78.2.1 Features of the Situation
		78.2.2 Education and Mental Health
	78.3 Methodology
		78.3.1 Scales Validation of QSQS
		78.3.2 First Exploratory Factor Analysis
		78.3.3 Second Exploratory Factor Analysis
		78.3.4 Third Exploratory Factor Analysis
	78.4 Results
	78.5 Conclusions
	References
79 Digital Adaptation of the Portuguese Museums Educational Service in a Pandemic Context—Case Study
	79.1 Introduction
	79.2 Literature Review and Contextualization
	79.3 Method and Data Collection: Case Study
	79.4 Digital Adaptation and Accessibility of the Portuguese National Museums Educational Services Websites
	79.5 Discussion and Final Ideas
	References
80 Contemporary Education, Technologies, and Human Connectivity: From Native Generations to Digital Immigrants
	80.1 Introduction
	80.2 From Technological Society to Contemporary Education
		80.2.1 From Human Connectivity to Education
		80.2.2 From Digital Natives to Immigrants: An Intergenerational Relationship
	80.3 Information and Communication Technologies and the School of the Twenty-First Century
		80.3.1 Childhoods in the Digital Age and the Transformation of Education
		80.3.2 Teaching, Technological Environments, and Innovative Pedagogies
	80.4 Methodology
	80.5 Analysis and Discussion of Results
	80.6 Conclusion
	References
81 Distance Learning in Pandemic Times: A Case Study of the Portuguese Tourist Sector
	81.1 Introduction
	81.2 Information Technology, Communication, Education and Tourism
	81.3 National and Regional Tourism Organisation in Portugal
	81.4 Methods
	81.5 Results
	81.6 Discussion and Final Remarks
	References
82 Distance Learning Has a High Training Potential in the Workplace—Executive MBA, EaD, Business Management
	82.1 Introduction
	82.2 The Workplace as a “Space” for DE Training
	82.3 Data Collection Techniques Used
		82.3.1 The Data Collection
		82.3.2 The Observation
		82.3.3 The Interview
		82.3.4 The Report
		82.3.5 The Diary
	82.4 The Data Analysis
		82.4.1 Diversity of Learning Stories, Spaces, and Times
	82.5 Strategic Implementation
	82.6 Control and Strategic Monitoring
	82.7 Limitations
	82.8 Suggestions for Future Research
	82.9 Conclusion
	References
83 Digital Transformation in the Teaching and Learning Process: Case Study of a School of the Future
	83.1 Introduction
	83.2 Context
		83.2.1 Purpose of the Study
		83.2.2 Legal Framework and the Education System in the Municipality of Fafe
		83.2.3 Educational Innovation
		83.2.4 The New Technologies in the Teaching-Learning Process
		83.2.5 Innovative Learning Environments
	83.3 Methodological Approach
	83.4 Case Study Analysis
		83.4.1 Conception of the School of the Future Project
		83.4.2 Implementation of the Project “School of the Future”
		83.4.3 Validation and Monitoring of the Escola do Futuro Project
	83.5 Conclusion
	References
Author Index