Pediatric Otolaryngology (American Academy of Pediatrics)

Pediatric Otolaryngology
Title Page
Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Pediatrics
AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS SECTION ON OTOLARYNGOLOGY– HEAD AND NECK SURGERY EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 2011–2012
Dedication Page
CONTRIBUTORS
CONTENTS
FOREWORD
INTRODUCTION
SECTION 1: Ear and Temporal Bone
	CHAPTER 1: Neonatal Hearing Screening, Hearing Loss, and Treatment for Hearing Loss: Anna K. Meyer, MD
		■ Introduction
		■ Epidemiology
		■ Presenting Symptoms
		■ Physical Examination
		■ Diagnosis
		■ Medical Evaluation
		■ Types of Hearing Loss
		■ Causes of Hearing Loss
		■ Treatment for Sensorineural Hearing Loss
		■ Treatments for Conductive Hearing Loss
		■ Natural History and Prognosis
		■ Selected References
	CHAPTER 2: Management and Treatment of Patients With Acute and Chronic Otitis Media: Yamilet Tirado, MD, and Blake Papsin, MD
		■ Introduction
		■ Epidemiology of Otitis Media
		■ Pathogenesis of Otitis Media
		■ Acute Otitis Media (AOM)
		■ Assessment and Diagnosis of AOM
		■ Treatment Options for AOM
		■ 2004 Guidelines for AOM
		■ Natural History and Complications of AOM
		■ Prevention of AOM
		■ Chronic Otitis Media
		■ Assessment and Diagnosis of CSOM
		■ Treatment Options for CSOM
		■ Natural History and Complications of CSOM
		■ Prevention of CSOM
		■ Nonsuppurative Otitis Media
		■ Assessment and Diagnosis of OME
		■ Treatment Options for OME
		■ 2004 Guidelines for OME
		■ Natural History and Complications of OME
		■ Prevention of OME
		■ Conclusion
		■ Selected References
	CHAPTER 3: Facial Paralysis: David H. Chi, MD
		■ Introduction
		■ Anatomy
		■ History
		■ Physical Examination
		■ Pathophysiology
		■ Differential Diagnoses
		■ Conclusion
		■ Selected References
	CHAPTER 4: Diseases and Anomalies of the Auricle and External Auditory Canal: Robert F. Yellon, MD, and Raymond Maguire, DO
		■ Auricle
		■ External Auditory Canal
		■ Infectious
		■ Selected References
SECTION 2: Nose and Sinus
	CHAPTER 5: Neonatal Nasal Obstruction: Tulio A. Valdez, MD, and Tiffiny Ainsworth, MA, MD
		■ Introduction
		■ Physical Examination and Diagnosis
		■ Nasal Embryology and Anatomy
		■ Differential Diagnosis
		■ Congenital Anatomic Deformities
		■ Obstructing Masses
		■ Traumatic Obstructions
		■ Inflammatory Etiologies
		■ Selected References
	CHAPTER 6: Rhinosinusitis: Amy S. Whigham, MD, and Maria T. Peña, MD
		■ Background
		■ Definitions
		■ Anatomy
		■ Pathophysiology
		■ Evaluation
		■ Microbiology
		■ Medical Management
		■ Surgical Management
		■ Complications
		■ Selected References
	CHAPTER 7: Epistaxis: Mark S. Volk, MD, DMD
		■ Introduction
		■ Epidemiology
		■ Presenting Symptoms
		■ Physical Examination Findings
		■ Differential Diagnosis
		■ Treatment
		■ Selected References
	CHAPTER 8: Pediatric Nasal and Facial Fractures: T.J. O-Lee, MD
		■ Introduction
		■ Diagnosis
		■ Soft Tissue Injuries
		■ Bony Injuries
		■ Conclusion
		■ Selected References
SECTION 3: Oropharynx
	CHAPTER 9: Disorders of the Tonsils and Adenoid: David H. Darrow, MD, DDS
		■ Introduction
		■ Functions of Tonsils and Adenoid
		■ Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases ofTonsilsand Adenoid
		■ Hyperplasia of Tonsils and Adenoid
		■ Malignancy of Tonsils or Adenoid
		■ Other Tonsil and Adenoid Disorders
		■ Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy
		■ Selected References
	CHAPTER 10: Pediatric Oropharyngeal Trauma: David L. Mandell, MD
		■ Introduction
		■ Epidemiology
		■ Presenting Symptoms
		■ Physical Examination
		■ Diagnostic Imaging
		■ Treatment Options
		■ Natural History and Prognosis
		■ Selected References
	CHAPTER 11:  Cleft Lip and Palate: Patrick D. Munson, MD, and Charles M. Bower, MD
		■ Introduction
		■ Epidemiology
		■ Presenting Symptoms
		■ Physical Examination Findings
		■ Diagnosis
		■ Treatment Options
		■ Natural History and Prognosis
		■ Ankyloglossia
		■ Selected References
SECTION 4: Neck
	CHAPTER 12: Neck Masses and Adenopathy: Randall A. Bly, MD, and Sanjay R. Parikh, MD
		■ Introduction
		■ Epidemiology
		■ Presenting.Symptoms
		■ Physical Examination Findings
		■ Differential Diagnosis of Midline Neck Masses
		■ Differential Diagnosis of Lateral Neck Masses
		■ Imaging
		■ Treatment Options
		■ Natural History and Prognosis
		■ Selected References
	CHAPTER 13: Deep Neck Space Infections: Eric M. Jaryszak, MD, PhD, and Sukgi S. Choi, MD
		■ Introduction
		■ Epidemiology
		■ Anatomy
		■ Microbiology
		■ Diagnosis
		■ Treatment
		■ Complications and Special Considerations
		■ Conclusion
		■ Selected References
	CHAPTER 14: Salivary Gland Disorders in Children: Daniel L. Wohl, MD, and Eileen M. Raynor, MD
		■ Introduction
		■ Salivary Gland Developmental Anatomy
		■ Salivary Gland Physiologic Histology
		■ Salivary Gland Function
		■ Physical Examination of Salivary Glands
		■ Diagnosis of Salivary Gland Disorders
		■ Treatment Options for Salivary Gland Disorders
		■ Selected References
SECTION 5: Airway and Swallowing
	CHAPTER 15: Stridor in Infants and Children: Seth M. Pransky, MD, and Carrie L. Francis, MD
		■ Introduction
		■ History
		■ Physical Examination
		■ Additional Evaluation
		■ Endoscopy
		■ Common Causes of Stridor
		■ Conclusion
		■ Selected References
	CHAPTER 16: Speech and Voice Disorders: Steve Maturo, MD, and Christopher Hartnick, MD
		■ Introduction
		■ Epidemiology
		■ Presenting Symptoms
		■ Physical Examination
		■ Differential Diagnosis
		■ Treatment Options
		■ Natural History and Prognosis
		■ Selected References
	CHAPTER 17: Drooling and Salivary Aspiration: Corrie E. Roehm, MD, and Scott R. Schoem, MD
		■ Introduction
		■ Salivation
		■ Etiology
		■ Assessment
		■ Management
		■ Conclusion
		■ Selected References
	CHAPTER 18: Chronic Cough in Children: Ian N. Jacobs, MD
		■ Introduction
		■ Mechanism
		■ Clinical Assessment of the Child With Chronic Cough
		■ Additional Investigation
		■ Treatment
		■ Selected References
	CHAPTER 19: Aerodigestive Tract Foreign Bodies: Kristina W. Rosbe, MD
		■ Introduction
		■ Epidemiology and Prevention
		■ Signs and Symptoms
		■ Imaging
		■ Treatment
		■ Complications
		■ Selected References
	CHAPTER 20: Gastroesophageal Reflux: J. Paul Willging, MD
		■ Introduction
		■ Diagnosis of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
		■ Gastroesophageal Reflux and Airway
		■ Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux
		■ Selected References
SECTION 6: GENERAL
	CHAPTER 21: Otolaryngologic Disorders in Down Syndrome: Sally R. Shott, MD; Dorsey Heithaus, MA; and Anthony Sheyn, BS
		■ Introduction
		■ Chronic Otitis Media
		■ Hearing Loss: Audiologic Testing
		■ Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
		■ Airway Abnormalities: Laryngeal and Tracheal
		■ Chronic Rhinitis and Sinusitis
		■ Selected References
	CHAPTER 22: Vascular Birthmarks: John Gavin, MD
		■ Introduction
		■ Classification
		■ Vascular Tumors
		■ Vascular Malformations
		■ Selected References
Index
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