Pearson IIT Foundation Series - Mathematics Class 10

Cover
Copyright
Brief Contents
Contents
Preface
Chapter Insights
Series Chapter Flow
	Class 7
	Class 9
	Class 8
	Class 10
Chapter 1 Number Systems
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
	EUCLID’S DIVISION LEMMA
	FUNDAMENTAL THEOREM OF ARITHMETIC
	IRRATIONAL NUMBERS
	RATIONAL NUMBERS
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
Chapter 2 Polynomialsand Rational Expressions
	REMEMBER
	kEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
	POLYNOMIAL OF n TH DEGREE
		HCF of Given Polynomial
			Method for Finding HCF of the Given Polynomials
		LCM of the Given Polynomials
			Method to Calculate LCM of the Given Polynomials
			Relation among the HCF, the LCM and the Product of the Polynomials
		Rational Expressions
		Rational Expressions in Lowest Terms
		Addition/Subtraction of Rational Expressions
		Multiplication of Rational Expressions
		Division of Rational Expressions
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
Chapter 3 LinearEquations inTwo Variables
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
	ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS
	EQUATION
		Linear Equation
		Simple Equation
			Solving an Equation in One Variable
			Transposition
		Simultaneous Linear Equations
			Elimination by Cancellation
			Elimination by Substitution
			Adding Two Equations and Subtracting One Equation from the Other
			Cross-multiplication Method
			Graphical Method
			Nature of Solutions
			Word Problems and Application of Simultaneous Equations
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 2
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
Chapter 4 Quadratic Equations and Inequalities
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
	ROOTS OF THE EQUATION
		Finding the Roots by Factorization
			Consider Equation (1)
			Consider Equation (2)
			Consider Equation (3)
			Consider Equation (4)
		Finding the Roots by Using the Formula
			Sum and Product of Roots of a Quadratic Equation
			Nature of the Roots
			Signs of the Roots
	CONSTRUCTING A QUADRATIC EQUATION
		Constructing a New Quadratic Equation by Changing the Roots of a Given Quadratic Equation
		Finding the Roots of a Quadratic Equationby Graphical Method
			First Method
			Second Method
		Equations of Higher Degree
		Maximum or Minimum Value of a Quadratic Expression
	QUADRATIC INEQUATIONS
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
Chapter 5 Statements
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
	STATEMENT
		Truth Value
		Negation of a Statement
		Compound Statement
			Conjunction
			Disjunction
			Implication or Conditional
			Bi-conditional or Bi-implication
			Tautology
			Contingency
		Logically Equivalent Statements
		Laws of Algebra of Statements
			List of Equivalences Based on Implications
	OPEN SENTENCE
		Quantifiers
			Universal Quantifier
			Existential Quantifier
			Negation of Statements Involving Quantifiers
	METHODS OF PROOF
		Direct Proof
		Indirect Proof
	METHODS OF DISPROOF
		Counter Example Method
		Method of Contradiction
	APPLICATION TO SWITCHING NETWORKS
		Switching Network
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
	TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
		Very Short Answer Type Questions
		Short Answer Type Questions
		Essay Type questions
	CONCEPT APPLICATION
		Level 1
		Level 2
		Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
Chapter 6 Sets, Relations and Functions
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
	SET
		Elements of a Set
			Some Sets of Numbers and Their Notations
		Cardinal Number of a Set
		Representation of Sets
			Roster or List Method
			Set-builder Method
		Types of Sets
			Singleton Set
			Equivalent Sets
			Equal Sets
			Disjoint Sets
			Subset and Superset
			Proper Subset
			Power Set
			Universal Set
			Complement of a Set
		Operations on Sets
			Union of Sets
			Intersection of Sets
			Difference of Sets
			Symmetric Difference of Sets
		Dual of an Identity
		Venn Diagrams
		Some Formulae on the Cardinality of Sets
	ORDERED PAIR
		Cartesian Product of Sets
			Some Results on Cartesian Product
			Representation of A × B using Arrow Diagram
			Representation of A × B Using a Tree Diagram
			Graphical Representation of A × B
	RELATION
		Definition
		Domain and Range of a Relation
		Representation of Relations
			Roster Method (or) List Method
			Set-builder Method
			Arrow Diagram
		Inverse of a Relation
		Types of Relations
		Properties of Relations
			Identity Relation
	FUNCTION
		Domain and Co-domain
		Range
		Arrow Diagram
		Difference Between Relations and Functions
		Types of Functions
			One-one Function or Injection
			Many to One Function
			Onto Function or Surjection
			Into Function
			Bijective Function
			Inverse of a Function
			Identity Function
			Constant Function
			Equal Functions
			Composite Function (or) Product Function
			Real Function
			Even and Odd Functions
		Graphs of Functions
		Zeroes of a Function
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
Chapter7 Progressions
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
	SEQUENCE
		Finite and Infinite Sequences
		Series
		Arithmetic Progression (AP)
		Arithmetic Mean (AM)
		Some Important Results
	GEOMERIC PROGRESSION (GP)
		Infinite Geometric Progression
	HARMONIC PROGRESSION (HP)
		Harmonic Mean (HM)
			Inserting n Harmonic Means Between Two Numbers
			Relation between AM, HM and GM of Two Numbers
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Shot Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
Chapter 8 Trigonometry
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
	ANGLE
		Systems of Measurement of Angle
			Sexagesimal System
			Centesimal System
			Circular System
			Relation Between the Units of the Three Systems
	TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS
		Trigonometric Ratios of Compound Angles
		Standard Position of the Angle
			Co-terminal Angles
		Signs of Trigonometric Ratios
			Trigonometric Ratios of (90° − θ)
			Trigonometric Ratios of (90° + θ)
			Trigonometric Ratios of (180° − θ)
			Trigonometric Ratios of (180° + θ)
		Trigonometric Tables
	HEIGHTS AND DISTANCES
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
Chapter 9 Limits
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
		Limit of a Function
		Meaning of ‘x → a’
			Method of Substitution
			Method of Factorization
			Method of Rationalization
			Using the Formula
			Limits as x Tends to Infinity
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
Chapter 10 Matrices
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
	ORDER OF A MATRIX
		Various Types of Matrices
			Rectangular Matrix
			Row Matrix
			Column Matrix
			Null Matrix or Zero Matrix
			Square Matrix
			Diagonal Matrix
			Scalar Matrix
			Identity Matrix or Unit Matrix
		Comparable Matrices
		Equality of Two Matrices
	OPERATIONS ON MATRICES
		Multiplication of a Matrix by a Scalar
		Addition of Matrices
			Properties of Matrix Addition
		Matrix Subtraction
		Transpose of a Matrix
		Symmetric Matrix
			Skew-symmetric Matrix
		Multiplication of Matrices
			Properties of Matrix Multiplication
	DETERMINANT
		Singular Matrix
		Non-singular Matrix
		Multiplicative Inverse of a Square Matrix
			Multiplicative Inverse of a 2 × 2 Square Matrix
			Method for Finding Inverse of a 2 × 2 Square Matrix
		Solution of Simultaneous Linear Equations in Two Variables
		Matrix Inversion Method
			Cramer’s Rule or Cramer’s Method
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
Chapter 11 Remainderand Factor Theorems
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
	REMAINDER THEOREM
	FACTOR THEOREM
		Factorization of Polynomials Using Factor Theorem
			Horner’s Process for Synthetic Division of Polynomials
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
Chapter 12 Statistics
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
		Data
		Types of Data
			Raw Data
			Grouped Data
			Some Basic Definitions
			Tabulation or Presentation of Data
			Class Interval
			Class Boundaries
			Class Size
			Class Mark or Mid-value
			Statistical Graphs
			Bar Graph
			Histograms
			Remarks
			Important Observations
			Frequency Polygon
			Frequency Curve
			Cumulative Frequency Curves
			Measures of Central Tendencies for Ungrouped Data
			Arithmetic Mean or Mean (AM)
			Weighted Arithmetic Mean
			Some Important Results About AM
			Median
			Some Important Facts About Median
			Mode
			Properties of Mode
			Empirical Relationship Among Mean, Median, and Mode
			Measure of Central Tendencies for Grouped Data
			Mean of Grouped Data
			Short-cut Method for Finding the Mean of Group Data (Deviation Method)
			Median of Grouped Data
			Mode of Grouped Data
			Range
			Calculation of Variance and Standard Deviation for Raw Data
			Calculation of Variance and SD for a Grouped Data
			Coefficient of Variation (CV)
			Quartiles
			First Quartile or Lower Quartile
			Third Quartile or Upper Quartile
			Semi-inter Quartile Range or Quartile Deviation (QD)
			Estimation of Median and Quartiles from Ogive
			Estimation of Mode from Histogram
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
Chapter 13 Geometry
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
	SYMMETRY
		Line Symmetry
		Point Symmetry
			Illustrations
			Image of a Point About a Line
			Image of a Line Segment about a Line
			Image of an Angle About a Line
	SIMILARITY
		Similarity of Geometrical Figures
		Similarity as a Size Transformation
			Enlargement
			Properties of Size Transformation
		Model
		Map
		Criteria for Similarity of Triangles
			Similar Triangles
			Three Similarity Axioms for Triangles
			Right Angle Theorem
			Pythagoras Theorem
			Appolonius Theorem
			Converse of Basic Proportionality Theorem
			Vertical Angle Bisector Theorem
			Converse of Vertical Angle Bisector Theorem
		Concurrency—Geometric Centres of a Triangle
			Circum-centre
			In-centre
			Ortho-centre
			Centroid
		Some Important Points
	CIRCLES
		Chord
			Theorem 1
		Properties of Chords and Related Theorems
			Theorem 2
			Theorem 3
		Angles Subtended by Equal Chords at the Centre
			Theorem 4
		Angles Subtended by an Arc
			Property 1
			Property 2
		Cyclic Quadrilateral
			Theorem 5
			Theorem 6
		Tangents
			Theorem 7
			Converse of the Theorem
			Theorem 8
		Chords
			Theorem 9
		Alternate Segment and Its Angles
			Theorem 10 Alternate Segment Theorem
			Converse of Alternate Segment Theorem
		Common Tangents to Circles
			Common Tangent
			Properties of Common Tangents
		Constructions Related to Circles
	LOCUS
		Equation of a Locus
			Steps to Find the Equation of a Locus
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
Chapter 14 Mensuration
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
		Circle and Semi-Circle
		Circular Ring
		Sectors and Segements
		Rotations Made by a Wheel
		Equilateral Triangle
	PRISMS
		Lateral Surface Area (LSA) of a Prism
			Total Surface Area (TSA) of a Prism
		Volume of a Prism
	CUBES AND CUBOIDS
		Cuboid
		Cube
	RIGHT CIRCULAR CYLINDER
		Hollow Cylinder
	PYRAMID
		Right Pyramid
	CONE
		Right Circular Cone
		Hollow Cone
			Cone Frustum (or a Conical Bucket)
	SPHERE
		Solid Sphere
		Hollow Sphere
		Hemisphere
			Hemispherical Shell
		Formulae to Memorize
			Sphere
			Spherical Shell/Hollow Sphere
			Hemisphere
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
Chapter 15 Coordinate Geometry
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
	COORDINATES OF A POINT
		Convention of Signs
	POINTS ON THE PLANE
		Point on X-axis and Y-axis
		Distance Between Two Points
			Applications of Distance Formula
	STRAIGHT LINES
		Inclination of a Line
		Slope or Gradient of a Line
			Some Results on the Slope of a Line
			Theorem 1
			Theorem 2
			The Slope of a Line Passing Through the Points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2)
		Intercepts of a Straight Line
		Equation of a Line in General Form
			Equations of Some Standard Lines
		Oblique Line
			Different Forms of Equations of Oblique Lines
		Area of Triangle
		Area of a Quadrilateral
		Section Formulae
			Section Formula
		Mid-point
		Points of Trisection
		Centroid
			Equation of a Line Parallel or Perpendicular to the Given Line
			Median of the Triangle
			Altitude of the Triangle
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPT
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPT
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		Concept Application
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
Capter 16 Mathematical Induction and Binomial Theorem
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
	THE PRINCIPLE OF MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION
		Binomial Expression
		Pascal Triangle
		Factorial Notation and nCr Representation
		Binomial Theorem
			Important Inferences from the above Expansion
		Binomial Theorem
			Middle Terms in the Expansion of (x + y)n
			Term Independent of x
			The Greatest Coefficient in the Expansion of (1 + x)n (where n is aPositive Integer)
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
Chapter 17 Modular Arithmetic
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
	CONGRUENCE
		Set of Residues
		Modular Addition
		Modular Multiplication
		Construction of Caley’s Table
		Linear Congruence
		Solution of Linear Congruence
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
Chapter 18 Linear Programming
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
		Convex Set
		Objective Function
		Closed-Convex Polygon
		Open-Convex Polygon
		The Fundamental Theorem
		Feasible Region
		Feasible Solution
		Optimum Solution
		Graphical Method of Solving a Linear Programming Problem
		General Graphical Method for Solving Linear ProgrammingProblems
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
Chapter 19 Computing
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
		Historical Development of Computing
		Characteristics of a Computer
		Architecture of a Computer
		Software
		Algorithm
		Flowchart
		Operators
		Basic
		Constants
			Numeric
			Alphanumeric
		Variables
			Numeric variable
			Alphanumeric variables or string variables
		Rules for Declaration of Variables
		Basic Operators
			Arithmetic Operators
			Logical Operators
			Relational Operators
			Order in which Arithmetic Operators are Evaluated
		Basic Statements
			REM
			LET
			READ … DATA
			PRINT
			END
			STOP
	CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS
		Branching Statements
		IF-THEN Statement
		IF-THEN–ELSE
		Looping Statements
		Unconditional Statements
			GO TO
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
Chapter 20 Permutations and Combinations
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
		Sum Rule of Disjoint Counting
			General Form of Sum Rule
		Product Rule or Multiplication Rule
			Generalization of Product Rule
	PERMUTATIONS
		Factorial Notation
			General Formula for Permutations (Repetitions not Allowed)
			Explanation
			General Formula for Permutations with Repetitions Allowed
	COMBINATIONS
		General Formula for Combinations
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
Chapter 21 Probability
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
		Sample Space
		Event
		Probability of an Event
		Probability of Non-occurrence of an Event E
		Classification of a Pack (or Deck) of Cards
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Shot Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
Chapter 22 Banking
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
	DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS
		Savings Bank Account
		Depositing Money in the Bank Accounts
			Demand Draft
		Withdrawing Money From Saving Bank Account
		Types of Cheques
			Bearer Cheque
			Crossed Cheque
		Bouncing of Cheques
			Safeguards to be taken while Maintaining ‘Cheque-Operated Accounts’
		Parties dealing with a cheque
			Drawer
			Drawee
			Payee
		Calculation of Interest on Savings Accounts in Banks
		Current Account
		Term Deposit Accounts
			Fixed Deposit Accounts
			Recurring Deposit Accounts
		Loans
			Demand Loans
			Term Loans
			Overdrafts (ODs)
		Calculation of Interest on Loans
		Compound Interest
	HIRE PURCHASE AND INSTALMENT SCHEME
		Hire Purchase Scheme
			Important Features of Hire Purchase Scheme
		Instalment Scheme
			Finding the Rate of Interest on Buying in Instalment Scheme
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
Chapter 23 Taxation
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
	INCOME TAX
	SALES TAX
		Calculation of Sales Tax
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
Chapter 24 Instalments
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
		Cash Price
			Initial Payment or Down Payment
		Repayment of Loan
		Hire Purchase Scheme
			Important Features of Hire Purchase Scheme
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
Chapter 25 Shares and Dividends
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
	CLASSIFICATION OF SHARE CAPITAL
		Nominal Value of a Share (NV)
		Market Value of a Share (MV)
		Dividend
		Return on Investment
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
Chapter 26 Partial Fractions
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
		Method 1
		Method 2
		Method 3
		Method 4
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
Chapter 27 Logarithms
	REMEMBER
	KEY IDEAS
	INTRODUCTION
		Definition
	SYSTEM OF LOGARITHMS
		Properties
		Laws
			Variation of logax with x
			Sign of logax for Different Values of x and a
			To Find the log of a Number to the Base 10
			The Rule to Obtain the Characteristic of log x
			To Find the log of a Number from the log Tables
	ANTILOG
		To Find the Antilog
	PRACTICE QUESTIONS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPT
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	ANSWER KEYS
		TEST YOUR CONCEPTS
			Very Short Answer Type Questions
			Short Answer Type Questions
			Essay Type Questions
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
	HINTS AND EXPLANATION
		CONCEPT APPLICATION
			Level 1
			Level 2
			Level 3
Read from the Best Books to Reinforce the Fundamentals…
	About the Book
	Features
	About the Author