Particle Cosmology and Astrophysics

Cover
Contents
Foreword: Edward W. Kolb and Michael Turner
Constants, Parameters, and Reference Tables
Frequently Used Equations
Preface
I: Preliminaries
	1. Our Universe
		1.1. A brief history of our universe
		1.2. The empirical pillars of modern cosmology
		1.3. Cosmic concordance
		1.4. Open questions and outstanding puzzles
	2. General Relativity and the Friedmann Equations
		2.1. Spacetime and the metric
		2.2. Tensor notation in general relativity
		2.3. The friedmann equations
		2.4. Matter, radiation, and pressure
		2.5. Static universes and the cosmological constant
		2.6. The evolution of energy
		2.7. The expansion history of the universe
		2.8. Distances in an expanding universe
		Problems
	3. A Crash Course in Particle Physics
		3.1. The Standard Model of particle physics
		3.2. Feynman diagrams
		3.3. Conservation laws
		3.4. Phase transitions in the Standard Model
		3.5. Amplitudes
		3.6. Relativistic kinematics and four-vectors
		3.7. Decays and scattering
		Problems
	4. Thermodynamics for Cosmologists
		4.1. Equilibrium thermodynamics
		4.2. Entropy
		4.3. Chemical potentials
		4.4. Departures from equilibrium
		4.5. Neutrino decoupling
		4.6. Evolution after decoupling
		4.7. The boltzmann equation
		Problems
	5. The Interactions of High-Energy Particles in Astrophysics
		5.1. Interactions of high-energy electrons
		5.2. Interactions of high-energy nucleons and nuclei
		5.3. Interactions of high-energy photons
		Problems
II: Cosmology
	6. Recombination and Photon Decoupling
		6.1. Photon scattering
		6.2. The ionization history of the early universe
		6.3. Reionization
		6.4. The surface of last scattering
		Problems
	7. The Cosmic Microwave Background
		7.1. The spectrum of the CMB
		7.2. Temperature anisotropies
		7.3. The angular power spectrum of the CMB
		7.4. The evolution of density perturbations
		7.5. Features of the CMB’s angular power spectrum
		7.6. Extracting cosmological parameters
		7.7. CMB polarization
		7.8. The current state of CMB measurements
		7.9. Dark radiation
		Problems
	8. Big Bang Nucleosynthesis
		8.1. Proton and neutron freeze out
		8.2. Nuclear abundances in equilibrium
		8.3. From nucleons to helium
		8.4. Beyond helium
		8.5. The primordial element abundances
		8.6. BBN as a probe of exotic physics
		Problems
	9. Dark Matter
		9.1. Dynamical evidence for dark matter
		9.2. MACHOs and gravitational microlensing
		9.3. What about modified gravity?
		9.4. Requirements of a dark matter candidate
		9.5. The abundance of a thermal relic
		9.6. Asymmetric dark matter
		9.7. Nonthermal production mechanisms
		Problems
	10. The Formation of Large-Scale Structure
		10.1. Gravitational collapse
		10.2. Pressure and the Jeans length
		10.3. The evolution of structure in an expanding universe
		10.4. The matter power spectrum
		10.5. From density perturbations to dark matter halos
		10.6. Hot, warm, and cold dark matter
		10.7. Baryon acoustic oscillations
		10.8. Adiabatic and isocurvature perturbations
		Problems
	11. Neutrino Masses and Oscillations
		11.1. Neutrino masses
		11.2. Neutrino mixing and oscillations
		11.3. Neutrino oscillations in the presence of matter
		Problems
	12. Baryogenesis and Leptogenesis
		12.1. The matter-antimatter asymmetry
		12.2. The Sakharov conditions
		12.3. Baryogenesis in grand unified theories
		12.4. Sphalerons
		12.5. Baryogenesis via leptogenesis
		12.6. Electroweak baryogenesis
		12.7. Topological defects
		Problems
	13. Inflation
		13.1. Motivations for inflation
		13.2. A common solution: accelerated expansion
		13.3. The dynamics of a slowly rolling scalar field
		13.4. Primordial perturbations from inflation
		13.5. Gravitational waves and primordial B-modes
		13.6. Examples of inflationary models
		13.7. Reheating
		13.8. Present and future probes of inflation
		13.9. Eternal inflation
		Problems
	14. Dark Energy
		14.1. The cosmological constant problem
		14.2. Dark energy and accelerating expansion
		14.3. Dynamical dark energy
		14.4. Observational probes of dark energy
		14.5. Dark energy and the anthropic principle
		Problems
III: Particle Astrophysics
	15. Cosmic Rays
		15.1. The cosmic-ray spectrum
		15.2. Cosmic-ray propagation
		15.3. Cosmic-ray acceleration
		15.4. Ultra-high energy cosmic rays
		Problems
	16. Gamma-Ray and Neutrino Astrophysics
		16.1 Why gamma rays?Why neutrinos?
		16.2. The astrophysical production and propagation of gamma rays
		16.3. The astrophysical production and propagation of neutrinos
		16.4. Astrophysical sources of high-energy gamma rays and neutrinos
		Problems
	17. Particle Dark Matter Candidates
		17.1. Supersymmetric dark matter
		17.2. Sterile neutrinos
		17.3. Axions
		17.4. Dark matter in hidden sectors
		Problems
	18. Direct Dark Matter Searches
		18.1. Dark matter scattering with nuclei
		18.2. Dark matter scattering cross sections
		18.3. Direct detection constraints and their impact
		18.4. Axion detection
		Problems
	19. Searches for Dark Matter Annihilation and Decay
		19.1. Motivations for indirect searches
		19.2. Dark matter annihilation and the CMB
		19.3. Gamma rays from dark matter annihilation
		19.4. Cosmic rays from dark matter annihilation
		19.5. Decaying dark matter
		Problems
	20. Collider Physics for Astronomers
		20.1. Why collide particles?
		20.2. Electron and proton colliders
		20.3. Particle detection at the LHC
		20.4. Cross sections and event rates at the LHC
		20.5. The LHC and the early universe
		Problems
Bibliography
Solutions to Selected Problems
Index
	A
	B
	C
	D
	E
	F
	G
	H
	I
	J
	K
	L
	M
	N
	O
	P
	Q
	R
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	T
	U
	V
	W
	X
	Y
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