Pacific Islands Guestworkers in Australia: The New Blackbirds?

Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
Abbreviations
List of Figures
List of Tables
1: Introduction: A New Age of Temporary Migration?
	History
	The Pacific Island Countries
	Bibliography
2: The Pacific Island Countries
	Late Independence and Development
	Economic Development
		Agriculture, Forests and Fish
		Mines
		Tourism
		Employment, Incomes and Poverty
		Trade
		Aid
	Overcoming Tyrannies of Distance?
	Bibliography
3: Two Centuries of Pacific Migration
	Complex Labour Flows
	Blackbirding: The Early Labour Trade
	The Diversification of Migration
	Urbanisation
	The Global Long Boom: International Migration
	Hazards and Resettlement
	Remittances
	National Strategies and Migration Schemes
		The Precedence of Kiribati and Tuvalu
		Policy Detours
		APTC and KANI
	The Diversity of Migration
	Bibliography
4: The Revival of Guestwork
	A Twentieth-Century Twist—Back to Agriculture
	A Theoretical Detour … and a Context
	Hard Realities
	Enter the World Bank
	The Canadian Model
	Labour Shortages and Development Directions
	Bibliography
5: Early Days
	New Zealand and the Recognised Seasonal Employer Scheme
	Australia and the Pacific Seasonal Worker Pilot Scheme
	The Pilot Schemes in Operation
	Vanuatu
		Recruiting from Tanna, Vanuatu
		From Vanuatu to New Zealand and Australia
	Tonga
	First Movers
	An Early Triple Win?
	Bibliography
6: Taking Part
	Where Do Workers Come From?
	Recruitment
	Pacific Labour Migration Policies and Legislation
	Agents: Advantages and Pitfalls
	Employer Involvement in Recruitment
	Worker Selection: Knowing the Right People
	Selecting Workers: Community Involvement?
	Geographies of Participation
	Return Workers
	Demographic Trends and Structures
	The High Cost of Labour Migration
	Pre-departure and Arrival Training: On to the Job
	Winners and Losers? Uneven Beginnings
	Bibliography
7: Destination Australia
	Labour Shortages?
	A Crisis and Clues from COVID-19
	The Geography of Seasonal Work in Australia
	Employers’ Perspectives
	On the Job
	Economic Gains
	Remittances
	Accommodation
	Getting Around?
	Health Costs
	Work and Welfare
	Bibliography
8: Social Worlds
	A Spectrum of Experiences
	Connection and Isolation
	Socio-economic Impacts on Host Communities
	Churches, Sport and Diaspora Connections
	Keeping in Touch with Home
	Labour Rights and Power Imbalances
	Blacklisting and Standing Down
	Underpayment and Elusive Wages
	Pastoral Care and Monitoring
	Unions: Fighting for Rights … Sometimes
	Negotiating Online
	Transient Times
	Bibliography
9: Home Again
	New Wealth, Familiar Patterns
	Remittances in Kind: Technology and Consumer Durables
	Housing
	Education
	Business Development
	Social Functions and Community Objectives
	Family Breakdown?
	Labour Losses and Food Security
	Skill Losses and Brain Drain
	Bringing Skills Home?
	Towards Modernity
	Bibliography
10: A New Phase: Stepping up a Gear?
	New Beginnings
	The Northern Australia Worker Pilot Program (NAWPP)
	The Pacific Labour Scheme
	Familiar Themes of Success and Failure
	Towards Permanence?
	Bibliography
11: The New Blackbirds?
	The New Blackbirds? Plus ça Change …?
	An Uneven World?
	Precarious Work, Precarious Lives
	Wage Theft
	Weapons of the Weak
	Winning and Losing?
		Equity
		Economics
		Society
		Whose Development?
	Bibliography
12: Hosts and Guests
	Towards Permanency?
	Eternal Demand?
	The Future PICs: A Kind of Blue
	A Strategic Arena
	A Widening Sphere?
	Bibliography
Bibliography
Index