Osteonecrosis

Front Matter....Pages i-xviii
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Osteonecrosis: Historical Perspective....Pages 3-15
Front Matter....Pages 17-17
Vascular Anatomy and Blood Supply to the Femoral Head....Pages 19-25
Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury in Bone....Pages 27-32
Front Matter....Pages 33-33
The Prevalence of Osteonecrosis in Different Parts of the World....Pages 35-37
Epidemiology of Osteonecrosis in the USA....Pages 39-45
The Epidemiology of Osteonecrosis in Japan....Pages 47-49
Epidemiology of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in South Korea....Pages 51-54
Current Trends of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in Taiwan and China....Pages 55-58
Front Matter....Pages 59-59
Genetic Studies in Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head....Pages 61-69
Osteonecrosis and Intravascular Coagulation Revisited....Pages 71-80
Glucocorticoids (as an Etiologic Factor)....Pages 81-90
Corticosteroid Usage and Osteonecrosis of the Hip....Pages 91-93
Alcohol....Pages 95-99
Traumatic Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head....Pages 101-112
Posttraumatic Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head....Pages 113-123
Osteonecrosis in Sickle-Cell Disease....Pages 125-131
Autoimmune Disease (SLE, Antiphospholipid Syndrome), Posttransplantation (Kidney, Liver, Heart, Bone Marrow), and Other Risk Factors (Chemotherapy, Caisson Disease, Radiation, Pancreatitis, Gaucher’s Disease)....Pages 133-139
Front Matter....Pages 141-141
Pathophysiology of Ischemic Diseases of the Hip: Osteonecrosis, Borderline Necrosis, and Bone Marrow Edema Syndrome....Pages 143-149
The Pathology of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head....Pages 151-157
Front Matter....Pages 159-159
Natural History of Osteonecrosis....Pages 161-164
Front Matter....Pages 159-159
Causes of Pain in Early and Advanced Stage Osteonecrosis....Pages 165-171
Accumulation of Necrotic Fatty Marrow in Osteonecrotic Hips Mimicking Septic Arthritis....Pages 173-175
Front Matter....Pages 177-177
Radiography, MRI, CT, Bone Scan, and PET-CT....Pages 179-195
Front Matter....Pages 197-197
Ficat Staging System....Pages 199-200
The University of Pennsylvania Classification of Osteonecrosis....Pages 201-206
Natural Course and the JIC Classification of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head....Pages 207-210
Modified Kerboul Classification System of Necrotic Extent Using MRI....Pages 211-213
The ARCO Staging System: Generation and Evolution Since 1991....Pages 215-218
Front Matter....Pages 219-219
Subchondral Stress Fracture of the Femoral Head....Pages 221-230
Bone Marrow Edema Syndrome of the Hip....Pages 231-234
Distinguishing Bone Marrow Edema Syndrome from Osteonecrosis....Pages 235-238
Front Matter....Pages 239-239
Treatment of Osteonecrosis of the Hip and Knee with Enoxaparin....Pages 241-247
The Role of Coagulopathy in the Pathogenesis and Prevention of Corticosteroid-Induced Osteonecrosis....Pages 249-253
Lipid-Lowering Agents and Their Effects on Osteonecrosis: Pros and Cons....Pages 255-259
Is There a Role for BMPs in the Treatment of Osteonecrosis?....Pages 261-264
Alendronate in the Prevention of Collapse of the Femoral Head in Nontraumatic Osteonecrosis....Pages 265-271
New Therapies of Bone Necrosis....Pages 273-275
Front Matter....Pages 277-277
Principles of Core Decompression for Osteonecrosis of the Hip....Pages 279-284
Stem Cells in Osteonecrosis: Cons....Pages 285-289
Cement Techniques in Hip Osteonecrosis with Collapse: From Traditional Methyl Methacrylate to Bone Substitutes and Stem Cells....Pages 291-295
Front Matter....Pages 277-277
Impaction Bone Grafting....Pages 297-306
Principles of Bone Grafting for Osteonecrosis of the Hip....Pages 307-313
Vascularized Pedicle Iliac Bone Grafting for Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head....Pages 315-320
The Vascularized Fibular Graft in the Treatment of Osteonecrosis: Data, Dogma, and Controversies....Pages 321-323
Transtrochanteric Rotational Osteotomy for Femoral Head Osteonecrosis....Pages 325-330
Posterior Rotational Osteotomy for Severe Femoral Head Osteonecrosis....Pages 331-337
Transtrochanteric Curved Varus Osteotomy for the Treatment of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head....Pages 339-344
Total Hip Arthroplasty Using Ceramic-on-Ceramic Articulation....Pages 345-348
Highly Crosslinked Polyethylene Liners in Patients with Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in the United States and Europe....Pages 349-353
Alumina Ceramic-on-Highly Cross-Linked Polyethylene Bearing in Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty in Young Patients with Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head....Pages 355-361
Hip Arthroplasty for Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head....Pages 363-374
Resurfacing Arthroplasty for Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head....Pages 375-380
Front Matter....Pages 381-381
Multifocal Osteonecrosis....Pages 383-388
Osteonecrosis of the Humeral Head....Pages 389-394
Knee Osteonecrosis....Pages 395-402
Osteonecrosis of the Talus....Pages 403-409
Kienböck’s Disease of the Lunate....Pages 411-416
Front Matter....Pages 417-417
The Epidemiology and Etiology of Perthes’ Disease....Pages 419-425
Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease: Pathology, Pathophysiology, and Pathogenesis of Deformity....Pages 427-436
Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease: Diagnosis, Imaging, and Classifications....Pages 437-449
Front Matter....Pages 417-417
Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease: Treatments....Pages 451-467
Developing Medical Therapy for Legg-Calvé-Perthes’ Disease....Pages 469-478
Corticosteroid-Associated Osteonecrosis in Children....Pages 479-490
Front Matter....Pages 491-491
Animal Models of Corticosteroid-Associated Bone Diseases....Pages 493-505
Animal Models of Bone Necrosis: An Overview....Pages 507-509
Back Matter....Pages 511-514