Origin of Life: Proceedings of the Third ISSOL Meeting and the Sixth ICOL Meeting, Jerusalem, June 22–27, 1980

Front Matter....Pages i-xv
Interstellar Molecules and the Origin of Life....Pages 1-9
Molecules in Interstellar Clouds....Pages 11-17
On the Origin of Organic Molecules in Interstellar Space and Some of its Consequences....Pages 19-25
Comets and the Origin of Life....Pages 27-32
Nature and Origin of Organic Molecules in Comets....Pages 33-42
Liquid Water on a Planet over Cosmic Periods....Pages 43-50
Organic Analysis of the Antarctic Carbonaceous Chondrites....Pages 51-57
Nitrogen Compounds in Carbonaceous Meteorites: A Reassessment....Pages 59-64
Abiotic Organic Synthesis in Space....Pages 65-71
Formation of Prebiotic Precursors from Model Reducing Atmospheres: Role of Hydrogen Escape....Pages 73-82
Organic Chemical Evolution of Reducing Model of the Atmosphere of the Primitive Earth. Role of UV Light and Electric Discharges....Pages 83-92
Far UV Photolysis of Methane-Water Gaseous Mixtures and the Prebiotic Synthesis of Aldehydes....Pages 93-100
Photolysis of CH 4 -NH 3 Mixtures and PH 3 as Models for the Photochemical Transformations on the Primitive Earth and Jupiter....Pages 101-105
Possible Role of Phosphine in Chemical Evolution....Pages 107-114
Clays as Prebiotic Photocatalysts....Pages 115-124
Clay-Mediated Reactions of HCN Oligomers. The Effect of the Oxidation State of the Clay....Pages 125-128
Chemical Evolution and Plate Tectonics....Pages 129-134
The Strecker Synthesis in the Primitive Ocean....Pages 135-141
Photoassisted Carbon Dioxide Reduction and Formation of Two- and Three-Carbon Compounds....Pages 143-150
Melanoidin Polymers as Possible Oxygen Sinks in the Pre-Biotic Oceans....Pages 151-156
Formation of Energy Rich Phosphate in Fenton’s Reaction....Pages 157-164
Abiotic Synthesis of Phosphoric Esters of Monosaccharides According to the “Cold Model”....Pages 165-172
Synthesis and Degradation of Amino Acids by Contact Glow Discharge Electrolysis, a Possible Route for Prebiotic Formation of Bio-Organic Compounds....Pages 173-180
Genesis of Amino Acids in the Primeval Sea: Formation of Amino Acids from Sugars and Ammonia in a Modified Sea Medium....Pages 181-187
Porphyrin-Like Compounds Genesis under Simulated Abiotic Conditions....Pages 189-196
The Role of Analytical Procedures in the Formation of Biochemicals From Experiments Simulating the Chemical Evolution of Primeval Earth....Pages 197-199
Reduction of Thionucleosides: A Prebiotic Pathway to Deoxyribonucleosides....Pages 201-207
Factors Influencing the Rate of Non-Enzymatic Activation of Carboxylic and Amino Acids by ATP....Pages 209-215
HCN Oligomerization - Isolation and Preliminary Characterization of a New Precursor of Adenine....Pages 217-223
Cyanamide Mediated Syntheses of LEU, ALA, and PHE Peptides Under Plausible Primitive Earth Conditions....Pages 225-232
Template-Directed Synthesis of Oligoguanylic Acids- Metal Ion Catalysis....Pages 233-239
Chemical Evolution of Model Systems of Primeval Earth Periphery and Thermal Polymerisation of Aqueous Solutions of Cyanides....Pages 241-246
The Polymerization Products of α-Aminopropionitrile. The Component Separation Using Cation-Exchange Resin....Pages 247-254
The Cold Theory of the Origins of Life. Assumptions for the Theory and Experimental Evidence....Pages 255-262
The Appearance of Protobiopolymers and Protomembranes in Accordance with the “Cold Theory” of the Origins of Life....Pages 263-269
Terrestrial Evolution of Polymerization of Amino Acids: Heat to ATP....Pages 271-276
Potentiometric Titration Behavior of Polyamino Acids Prepared by Thermal Polycondensation....Pages 277-284
On the Polycondensation of Amino Acid Adenylates on Montmorillonites....Pages 285-293
Polymerization of Serine Guanylate in the Presence of Montmorillonite....Pages 295-299
Quantum Mechanical Conformational Analysis of Aminoacyladenylates: Implication in the Origin of Life....Pages 301-308
Environmental Conditions for the Formation of Marigranules and Kinetic Studies on the Formation....Pages 309-312
Membrane Lipids and the Origin of Life....Pages 313-322
Resolution of Underivatized Amino Acids by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography, Using Chiral Eluants....Pages 323-330
Stereoselective Interactions of Small Biological Molecules....Pages 331-336
Possible Selective Adsorption of Enantiomers by Na-Montmorrillonite....Pages 337-346
Spontaneous and Induced Generation of Optical Activity in Racemic 4, 4′-Dimethyl-1, 1′-Binaphthyl....Pages 347-353
Amplification of Optical Activity by Crystallization in the Presence of Tailor-Made Additives. The “Inversion Rule”....Pages 355-364
Generation and Amplification of Optically Active Compounds Via Inclusion in Chiral Tri-O-Thymotide Clathrates....Pages 365-372
Asymmetrical Radical Formation in β-Irradiated D- and L-Alanines....Pages 373-378
A New Experiment to Investigate the Origin of Optical Activity Using a Low Energy Positron Beam of Controlled Helicity....Pages 379-384
Competition, Coexistence and Irreversibility in Models of Early Molecular Evolution....Pages 385-392
Histidyl-Histidine Catalysis of Glycine Condensation in Fluctuating Clay Environments....Pages 393-397
A Theory for the Origin of a Self-Reproducing Chemical System by Natural Selection from Short, Random Oligomers....Pages 399-404
A Mathematical Method for the Enumeration of Doublet Codes....Pages 405-413
Evolving Nucleotide Binding Surfaces....Pages 415-422
Origin and Evolution of the Genetic Code....Pages 423-430
The Origin and Evolution of the Genetic Code....Pages 431-437
Evolutionary Processes of the Genetic Code....Pages 439-446
Summary of Evidence for an Anticodonic Basis for the Origin of the Genetic Code....Pages 447-456
Primitive Transfer RNA and Origin of Darwinian System....Pages 457-464
Evolution of the Terrestrial Atmosphere and its Fossils in Biosystems....Pages 465-471
Organic Geochemistry of the ISUA Supracrustals....Pages 473-479
Secondary Structures of Polypeptides as Evolutionary “Growing Points”....Pages 481-486
Search for Primitive Replicative Properties on Early Polypeptides....Pages 487-493
Emergence of Flavin Catalysis. An Approach Based on the Concept of Bioorganic Evolution....Pages 495-504
Selective Acylability of Amino Acids by Non-Enzymic Model Reactions of Biochemical Transacylations....Pages 505-511
Experiments on Transfer of Organic Molecular Information Into Crystal Lattice Superstructures....Pages 513-520
Phylogenetic Sequence of Metabolic Pathways in Precambrian Cellular Life....Pages 521-528
Coupling to Solar Energy: Sensitized Photoreactions - The Primary Source of Self-Organization....Pages 529-536
Ultraviolet Selection Pressure in the Prephanerozoic....Pages 537-542
DNA-Protein Complex from an Extreme Halophile: A Histone-Like Protein in Archaebacteria....Pages 543-549
The Evolution of Blue-Greens and the Origins of Chloroplasts....Pages 551-558
Evolution of the Rhodospirillaceae and Mitochondria: A View Based on Sequence Data....Pages 559-566
On the Origin of Photosynthetic Eukaryotic Cells: Cyanidium Caldarium as a “Bridge” Alga Between Prokaryotic Cyanobacteria and Eukaryotic Rhodophytes: Evidence from Environmental, Polysaccharide Biochemistry and Ultrastructural Studies....Pages 567-574
Microbial Life in Cold Saline Environments....Pages 575-582
Mutagens and Carcinogens: Occurrence and Role During Chemical and Biological Evolution....Pages 583-588
Could the Biochemical Metabolism be Different?....Pages 589-599
Back Matter....Pages 601-613