Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: Revision Study Guide

Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
1 Facial Aesthetics
	1.1 What Causes Facial Ageing
	1.2 General Assessment
	1.3 Middle Third Ageing
	1.4 Assessment
	1.5 Nose
	1.6 Botulinum Toxin (Botox)
	1.7 Types
	1.8 Indications
	1.9 Chemical Peels
	1.10 Microdermabrasion
	1.11 Hair Restoration
	1.12 Rhinoplasty
	1.13 Nasal Tripod
	1.14 Tip Correction
	1.15 Dorsum
	1.16 Nasal Valves
	1.17 Grafts
	1.18 Saddle Nose
	1.19 Twisted Nose
	1.20 Blepharoplasty
	1.21 Assessment
	1.22 Brow Lifts
	1.23 Rhytidectomy
	1.24 Ears
	1.25 Fillers
	1.26 Fat Augmentation
	1.27 Laser (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation)
	1.28 Facial Scars
2 Orthognathic Surgery
	2.1 Vertical Anteroposterior (AP) Transverse
	2.2 Transverse View (Intraoral Evaluation)
	2.3 Special Investigations
	2.4 Management Sequence
	2.5 Cephalometric Measurements (Fig. 2.3)
	2.6 Pre-surgical Orthodontics
	2.7 Hierarchy of Stability: (Profitt/Turvey 2007)
	2.8 Surgical Planning
	2.9 Classical Patterns (Table 2.1)
	2.10 Physiological Changes
	2.11 Consent
	2.12 Maxillary Surgery
	2.13 Surgical Techniques to Prevent Bleeding
	2.14 Surgically Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (SARPE)
	2.15 Le Fort I Osteotomy
	2.16 Mandibular Surgery
	2.17 Anatomy
	2.18 Mandibular Osteotomies
	2.19 Bilateral sagittal Split Osteotomy (BSSO)
	2.20 Genioplasty
	2.21 Soft Tissue Planning
	2.22 Stability
	2.23 Anterior Open Bite (AOB)
	2.24 Facial Asymmetry
	2.25 Condylar Hyperactivity (CH)
	2.26 Progressive Condylar Resorption (PCR)
	2.27 Vertical Maxillary Excess (VME)
	2.28 Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA)
	2.29 Macroglossia
3 Vascular Anomalies
	3.1 Vascular Tumours
	3.2 Lymphatic Malformation (LM)
	3.3 Capillary Malformation (CM)
	3.4 AV Malformation
4 Facial Pain
5 Cleft Lip and Palate
	5.1 Cleft Embryology
	5.2 Neonatal Care
6 Oral Medicine
	6.1 Oral Ulceration
	6.2 Recurrent Oral Ulceration
	6.3 Classification
	6.4 Other Topical Treatments Include
	6.5 Cochrane Review (2012)
	6.6 Behcet’s Syndrome
	6.7 Lichen Planus
	6.8 Epidemiology
	6.9 Clinical Features
	6.10 Histology
	6.11 Treatment
	6.12 Other Factors
	6.13 Topical Corticosteroids
	6.14 Review Intervals
	6.15 Prognosis
	6.16 Lichenoid Reaction
	6.17 Desquamative Gingivitis
	6.18 Ulcerative Conditions—Underlying Causes
	6.19 Traumatic Ulceration
	6.20 Traumatic Eosinophilic Ulceration
	6.21 Erythema Multiforme
	6.22 Reactive Arthritis (Reiter’s Syndrome)
	6.23 Tuberculosis
	6.24 Opportunistic Fungal Infections
	6.25 Deep Fungal Infections
	6.26 Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA)
	6.27 Acute Necrotising Ulcerative Gingivitis
	6.28 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
	6.29 Graft-Versus-Host Disease
	6.30 Oral Candidal Infections
	6.31 Geographic Tongue
	6.32 White Sponge Naevus (Cannon’s Disease)
	6.33 Fordyce Granules
	6.34 Oral Hairy Leukoplakia
	6.35 HIV
	6.36 Nicotinic Stomatitis
	6.37 Actinic Cheilitis
	6.38 Erythroplakia
	6.39 Pyogenic Granuloma/Pregnancy Epulis
	6.40 Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma
	6.41 Vesiculobullous Disease
	6.42 Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid
	6.43 Bullous Pemphigoid
	6.44 Pemphigus Vulgaris
	6.45 Angina Bullosa Haemorrhagica
	6.46 Linear IgA Disease
	6.47 Dermatitis Herpetiformis
	6.48 Herpangina
	6.49 Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease
	6.50 Varicella Zoster—Human Herpes Virus Type 3
	6.51 Ramsay Hunt Syndrome
	6.52 Epstein-Barr Virus
	6.53 Verrucopapillary Lesions
	6.54 Squamous Papilloma (Oral Wart, Verruca Vulgans)
	6.55 Papillary Hyperplasia
	6.56 Condylomata Lata
	6.57 Condylomata Acuminata
	6.58 Focal Epithelial Hyperplasia (Heck’s Disease)
	6.59 Keratoacanthoma
	6.60 Proliferative Verrucous Leukoplakia
	6.61 Verrucous Carcinoma
	6.62 Verrucous Xanthoma
	6.63 Pigmented Lesions
	6.64 Melanotic Macule
	6.65 Melanocytic Naevus
	6.66 Smoker’s Melanosis
	6.67 Amalgam Tattoo
	6.68 Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumour in Infancy
	6.69 Orofacial Granulomatosis
	6.70 Heerfordt Syndrome
	6.71 Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome
	6.72 Angioedema
7 Trauma
	7.1 Maxillofacial Trauma
8 Miscellaneous Topics
	8.1 How to Read a Paper
	8.2 Clinical Governance/Audit/Management
	8.3 Consent
	8.4 Nice—Guidance Healthcare Associated Infections
9 Head and Neck Part 1
	9.1 Tumour Assessment/Staging-Radiology
	9.2 Nutrition
	9.3 Restorative/Oral Rehabilitation
	9.4 Quality of Life
	9.5 Prognostic Markers
	9.6 Neck Disease
	9.7 Complications of Neck Dissection
	9.8 Chyle Leak (See Nutrition Section for More Info)
10 Head and Neck Cancer Part 2
	10.1 Maxillary
	10.2 Unknown Primary
	10.3 Skull Base
	10.4 Radiotherapy
11 Head and Neck Reconstruction
	11.1 Oral Soft Tissues
	11.2 Mandibular Reconstruction
	11.3 Oropharyngeal Reconstruction
12 Craniofacial Surgery
	12.1 Cranial Base
	12.2 Nasomaxilla
	12.3 Mandible
	12.4 Clinical Evaluation of Growth
	12.5 Craniosynostosis
	12.6 Aetiology/Pathogenesis
	12.7 Average % Growth Completion
	12.8 Non-syndromic
	12.9 Principles
	12.10 Positional Plagiocephaly
	12.11 Frontal Plagiocephaly (Unilateral Coronal)
	12.12 Brachycephaly (Bicoronal)
	12.13 Metopic Synostosis/Trigonocephaly
	12.14 Sagittal Craniosynostosis (Scaphocephaly)
	12.15 Unilateral Lambdoid/Occipital/Posterior Plagiocephaly
	12.16 Lambdoid Suture
	12.17 Cloverleaf—Pan Synostosis
	12.18 Surgical Management Considerations
	12.19 Timing Surgery
	12.20 Fronto-Orbital Advancement
	12.21 Monobloc/Frontofacial Advancement
	12.22 Syndromic Craniosynostosis
	12.23 Clinical Examination (Top to Bottom)
	12.24 Why Treat?
	12.25 Operations
	12.26 Crouzon Syndrome
	12.27 Pfeiffer Syndrome
	12.28 Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome
	12.29 Pierre Robin Sequence
	12.30 Treacher Collins Syndrome
	12.31 Orbital Dystopia
	12.32 Hemifacial Microsomia
	12.33 Management
	12.34 Distraction Osteogenesis
13 Skin Surgery
	13.1 Benign Skin Lesions
	13.2 Basal Cell Carcinoma
	13.3 Squamous Cell Carcinoma
	13.4 Cutaneous Melanoma
14 Oral Surgery
	14.1 Management Medically Compromised Patients
	14.2 Third Molars
	14.3 Winter’s Lines (War Lines)
	14.4 Oral Surgery—Nerve Damage
	14.5 Nerve Injuries Occur on Continuum of Severity
	14.6 Dentoalveolar Surgery of Orthodontics
	14.7 Fascial Spaces
	14.8 Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of The Jaw (MRONJ)
	14.9 Implants
15 TMJ Surgery
	15.1 TMJ Anatomy
	15.2 TMJ Disorders
	15.3 Non-surgical Options
	15.4 Surgery: Goals/Criteria for Surgery
	15.5 Indications for TMJ Surgery
	15.6 Open Joint
	15.7 TMJ Reconstruction
	15.8 TMJ Ankylosis
	15.9 TMJ Dislocation
16 Clinical Examinations
	16.1 Orthognathic
	16.2 Head and Neck Exam
	16.3 Cutaneous Lesion
	16.4 Salivary Gland
	16.5 TMJ/Facial Pain
17 Neck Lumps
18 Applied Head and Neck Anatomy
	18.1 Third Cranial Nerve–Oculomotor (CNIII) Palsy
	18.2 Orbital Anatomy
	18.3 Pterygopalatine Fossa
19 Salivary Glands
	19.1 Overview of Salivary Glands
	19.2 Facial Nerve
20 Oral Pathology
	20.1 Classic Appearance of Jaw Lesions
	20.2 Dentigerous Cyst/Eruption Cyst
	20.3 Radicular Cyst
	20.4 Nasopalatine Duct Cyst
	20.5 Stafne Bone Cyst
	20.6 Aneurysmal Bone Cyst
	20.7 Solitary (Traumatic) Cyst
	20.8 Odontogenic Tumours
	20.9 Ameloblastoma
	20.10 Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumour (Pindborg)
	20.11 Squamous Odontogenic Tumour
	20.12 Odontoameloblastoma
	20.13 Calcifying Cystic Odontogenic Tumour
	20.14 Odontogenic Fibroma
	20.15 Clear Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma
	20.16 Ameloblastic Fibrosarcoma (Malignant)
	20.17 Fibrous Dysplasia
	20.18 Cherubism
	20.19 Hyperparathyroidism
	20.20 Paget’s Disease/Osteitis Deformans
	20.21 Ossifying Fibroma
	20.22 Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia Cementoma
	20.23 Osteogenesis Imperfecta
	20.24 Bone Tumours
	20.25 Osteoma
	20.26 Gardner Syndrome
	20.27 Osteoblastoma/Osteoid Osteoma
	20.28 Osteosarcoma
	20.29 Chondroma
	20.30 Chondrosarcoma
	20.31 Ewing Sarcoma
	20.32 Multiple Myeloma
	20.33 Central Giant Cell Granuloma
	20.34 Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis