Optical Processes in Microparticles and Nanostructures: A Festschrift Dedicated to Richard Kounai Chang on His Retirement from Yale University

CONTENTS......Page 6
FOREWORD......Page 13
PREFACE......Page 15
PART I NONLINEAR OPTICS & SPECTROSCOPY......Page 25
CHAPTER 1 NONLINEAR OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY FOR INTERFACES......Page 27
References......Page 32
1. Introduction......Page 35
2.1. AgFON in ultra high vacuum (UHV) (Ref. 23)......Page 37
2.2. AgFON electrodes......Page 38
3. SERS of CO2 at cold-deposited Cu films......Page 41
4. Conclusions......Page 47
References......Page 48
1. Introduction......Page 53
2.1. Theoretical background......Page 55
2.2. Rotational CARS......Page 58
2.3. Polarization CARS......Page 59
3. Measurements in sooting flames......Page 61
4. Evaporating sprays......Page 63
5. IC engine......Page 65
Acknowledgments......Page 67
References......Page 68
1. Introduction......Page 73
2. Multi-scalar imaging in turbulent flames......Page 74
2.1. Mixture fraction imaging......Page 75
2.3. Reaction rate imaging......Page 76
2.4. Experimental details......Page 77
2.5. Experimental results......Page 79
3. Reconsidering the interaction of experiments and computations......Page 81
4. Testing the soot model in computations of laminar flames......Page 82
References......Page 86
PART II LINEAR & NONLINEAR OPTICS IN MICROPARTICLES......Page 89
1. Introduction......Page 91
2. Elastic scattering......Page 93
3. Radiometric effects......Page 98
4. Inelastic scattering......Page 103
5. Microparticle Raman spectroscopy......Page 105
6. Biological particle detection......Page 109
References......Page 111
1. Introduction......Page 115
2.1. Optical levitation......Page 117
2.3. Electrodynamic levitation......Page 121
3.1. Droplet chain experiments on the nanosecond time scale......Page 124
3.2. Investigations of the formation of MDRs on a femtosecond time scale......Page 126
4.1. Sizing coated particles......Page 130
4.2. Spray drying and polymorphism studies......Page 131
Acknowledgments......Page 133
References......Page 134
1. Introduction......Page 137
2. Experimental setup......Page 138
3. Lasing in dye-coated microspheres......Page 139
4. MDR-enhanced fluorescence from Qdot-coated microsphere......Page 142
References......Page 143
1. Introduction......Page 145
2. Basic expressions for threshold and gain......Page 147
3. Integral coefficients and interacting modes......Page 152
4. Results......Page 153
5. Discussion......Page 154
References......Page 157
PART III LINEAR & NONLINEAR SPECTROSCOPY OF BIOAEROSOLS......Page 159
1. Introduction......Page 161
2. Fluorescence of molecules in biological materials......Page 163
3. Single-particle fluorescence spectrometer: laboratory systems......Page 164
4. Single-particle fluorescence spectrometer: sampling systems......Page 167
6. Measurement and analysis of atmospheric aerosol......Page 169
7. Aerodynamic deflection of particles......Page 171
8. Aerodynamic deflection of particles into a liquid solution for bioanalysis......Page 172
References......Page 173
1. Introduction......Page 177
2.1. Abbe sine condition......Page 179
2.3. Ellipsoidal collection optics......Page 180
3.1. Spheres and spheroids......Page 181
3.2. Aggregates and spores......Page 183
3.3. Multicolor TAOS......Page 184
4.1.1. Watershed Results......Page 185
4.2. Symmetry analysis......Page 186
4.2.1. Degree of symmetry results......Page 187
4.3. T-matrix for aggregates and spores......Page 189
4.3.1. Computational comparisons – aggregates......Page 190
4.3.2. Computational comparisons – spores......Page 191
4.4.1. Principal component analysis......Page 192
4.4.3. Multivariate statistical results......Page 193
5. Summary......Page 194
References......Page 195
1. Introduction......Page 197
2. Femtosecond spectroscopy of microparticles......Page 199
3. Pump-probe measurement of particle size: ballistic trajectories in microdroplets......Page 201
4. Femtosecond LIBS in bioaerosols......Page 202
5. Pump-probe femtosecond spectroscopy for identifying bacteria and biomolecules......Page 204
6. Conclusion......Page 208
References......Page 209
PART IV OPTICAL MICROCAVITIES & NANOSTRUCTURES......Page 211
1.1. \"LASER\" versus \"LOSER\"......Page 213
1.3. Characteristic length scales for random laser......Page 214
1.4. Light localization......Page 215
2.1. Laser with scattering reector......Page 216
2.2. Photonic bomb......Page 217
2.3. Powder laser......Page 219
2.4. Laser paint......Page 222
2.5. Further developments......Page 224
3.2. Classical random laser with coherent feedback......Page 227
3.3.1. Lasing oscillation in semiconductor nanostructures......Page 230
3.3.2. Random microlaser......Page 234
3.3.3. Collective modes of resonant scatterers......Page 236
3.3.4. Time-dependent theory of random laser......Page 237
3.3.5. Lasing modes in diusive samples......Page 239
3.3.6. Spatial connement of lasing modes by absorption......Page 240
3.3.7. Eect of local gain on random lasing modes......Page 242
3.3.8. One-dimensional photon localization laser......Page 243
3.4. ASE spikes vs. lasing peaks......Page 245
3.5. Recent developments......Page 249
4. Potential applications of random lasers......Page 251
Acknowledgments......Page 252
References......Page 253
1. Introduction......Page 261
2.1. Sample preparation......Page 264
3.1. Morphology and crystal structures......Page 265
3.3. Spatial phonon confinement effect......Page 267
4. Reducing exciton-phonon coupling due to quantum confinement effect......Page 269
5. Power-dependent photoluminescence......Page 271
References......Page 273
1. Introduction......Page 277
2. Source-eld solutions for 1D cavity......Page 278
3. Applications of CF states......Page 283
3.1. Steady-state semiclassical laser theory......Page 284
3.2. Calculation of Purcell factors for open cavity structures......Page 286
References......Page 288
Appendix......Page 289
1. Introduction......Page 291
2.1. EOM as an example of a three-wave mixer......Page 294
2.2. An open system......Page 296
2.3. Saturation of the EOM......Page 300
2.4. Generation of multiple harmonics......Page 302
3. Photonic receivers for microwave and THz radiation......Page 304
3.1. Initial experiments: linear X-band photonic link......Page 305
3.2. Quadratic Ka-band receiver......Page 308
3.3. Quadratic coherent receiver......Page 312
3.4.1. Receiver based on usual phase EOM......Page 315
3.4.2. Receiver based on a single sideband EOM......Page 316
4. Generation of optical pulses using WGM resonators......Page 321
4.1. Optical comb generation with a WGM EOM......Page 322
4.2. Actively mode-locked WGM lasers......Page 323
4.3. Coupled opto-electronic oscillator with a WGM EOM......Page 326
5. Conclusion......Page 327
References......Page 328
1. Introduction......Page 333
2. Trends and prospects in information technology......Page 334
3. VLSI photonics and its background......Page 335
4. Optical microcavity structure......Page 336
5. Early studies on optical microcavity: case of microspheres......Page 337
6. Subsequent studies of the optical microcavity: microcylinders, microdisks and microrings......Page 340
7. Photonic devices for VLSI photonic integration......Page 341
8. Technical issues and challenges of VLSI photonics: miniaturization, integration, and scaling rules......Page 342
10. Summary......Page 344
References......Page 345
2. Single microsphere evanescent coupling to waveguides in 1D......Page 351
3. Multiple microsphere evanescent coupling to optical waveguides in 1D......Page 353
6. Summary......Page 354
References......Page 355
1. Introduction......Page 357
2. Waveguide-coupled microspiral resonator devices......Page 359
3. Double-notch-shaped microdisk resonators......Page 362
4. Coupled microspiral / double-notch-shaped microdisk resonators......Page 365
5. Coupled-resonator optical waveguides......Page 367
Acknowledgments......Page 371
References......Page 372
PART V PHOTOSCAPES OR MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS......Page 375
1. Introduction......Page 377
2. Experimental setup......Page 379
3. Terahertz radiation from InN thin films......Page 380
4. Terahertz generation from internal electric fields......Page 382
4.1. Normal fields in InN/InGaN multiple quantum wells......Page 383
4.2. Terahertz radiation from InN/InGaN multiple quantum wells......Page 384
4.3. In-plane fields in nonpolar and semipolar nitride semiconductors......Page 386
References......Page 390
1. Introduction......Page 393
2. Current implementations of intraocular retinal prostheses......Page 396
3. The importance of foveation......Page 401
4. An intraocular camera for retinal prostheses......Page 405
5. An eye-tracked extraocular camera for retinal prostheses......Page 407
6. Visual psychophysics in the low pixellation limit......Page 408
7. Visual prosthesis simulator......Page 418
8. Design constraints for an intraocular camera......Page 420
9. Intraocular camera optical system design......Page 422
10. Image sensor arrays for the intraocular camera......Page 426
11. Integration and packaging of the intraocular camera......Page 428
12. Summary and conclusions......Page 429
Acknowledgments......Page 430
References......Page 431
1. Introduction......Page 439
2. Solution of NLS for the scalar case......Page 440
3. The coupled NLS model of polarized light propagation......Page 441
4. Implementation of the random mode coupling model......Page 445
5. FWM term ignored......Page 447
6.1. Analytic expression......Page 448
6.3. Vector soliton: only x-polarization......Page 449
7. Conclusion......Page 450
Reference......Page 452
1. Introduction......Page 455
2.1. Introduction......Page 456
2.2. Scalar wave formulation......Page 457
2.3. Completeness of electromagnetic MDRs......Page 458
2.5. MDRs of uniform dielectric spheres......Page 459
2.6. Perturbation scheme......Page 460
2.7. MDRs of doped microdroplets......Page 462
3.1. Introduction to gravitational waves......Page 465
3.3. QNMs of BHs......Page 466
3.4. QNMs of NSs......Page 468
3.5. Gravitational-wave asteroseismology......Page 469
Acknowledgment......Page 470
References......Page 471
INDEX......Page 473