Optical and Wireless Technologies: Proceedings of OWT 2019 (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 648)

Conference Committee Members
	Organizing Committee
Preface
Acknowledgements
Our Reviewers
Invited Speakers
Contents
About the Editors
Compact Multi-band Octagonal-Shaped Patch Antenna with a Partial Ground for WLAN/Wi-MAX Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Antenna’s Structure
	3 Result and Discussion
		3.1 Return Loss Characteristics
		3.2 Gain Characteristics of the Antenna
		3.3 Radiation Efficiency
		3.4 E-Plane and H-Plane Radiation Patterns
	4 Fabricated Antenna
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Review of Techniques to Design Tunable Antenna Covered with Metamaterial
	1 Introduction
	2 Techniques to Miniaturize and to Design Tunable Antenna
		2.1 Inclusion of Varactor Diode
		2.2 Monolithic Wall Radome
		2.3 Effect of Substrate Properties of Metamaterial on Tunability
		2.4 Electromagnetic Band-Gap Substrates
		2.5 Antenna with Electrically Large Property
	3 Conclusion
	References
Long-Range Surface Plasmon Resonance-Induced Tunable Optical Bistability Using Silver Nano-layer at 1550 nm
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Scheme
	3 Result and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Design of Nine-Shaped MIMO Antenna Using Parasitic Elements to Reduce Mutual Coupling
	1 Introduction
	2 Antenna Geometry and Analysis
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	References
Approaches of Gigabit-Class Transmission for VLC with µLED-Based WDM System
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Modeling
	3 Simulation Approach
	4 Experimental Approach
	5 Conclusion
	References
Evaluation of Performance of Is-OWC OFDM System with Spatial Diversity
	1 Introduction
	2 System Description
	3 Result
	4 Conclusion
	References
Lightweight Secure-MQTT for Internet of Things
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT)
		1.2 PCG-Rand
	2 Related Work
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Key Generation and Distribution Phase
		3.2 Encryption and Publish Phase
		3.3 Decryption Phase
	4 Implementation and Evaluation
		4.1 Simulation Setup
		4.2 Performance Analysis
		4.3 Security Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Realization of Low-Cost Field-Deployable He–Ne Laser-Based Sensor System to Check the Quality of Food from Adulteration
	1 Introduction
	2 Mathematical Theory Related to Absorption, Transmittance, Reflectance
	3 Proposed Layout and Experimental Setup
	4 Experimental Arrangements and Observation
	5 Data Analysis for Adulterated Food
	6 Conclusion
	References
Experimental Evaluation of Reliable Underwater Optical Communication in the Presence of Turbulence and Blockage
	1 Introduction
	2 System Model
		2.1 Transmitter
		2.2 Receiver
		2.3 Underwater Channel
	3 Experimental Set-Up
	4 Channel Coding and Receiver Diversity Combining
		4.1 Channel Coding
		4.2 Receiver Diversity Combining
		4.3 Interleaved BCH Code
	5 Experimental BER Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Performance of SM-NSTBC  for Correlated HAP Fading Channels  with Imperfect-CSI
	1 Introduction
	2 System and Channel Model
		2.1 Signal and Channel Model
		2.2 Spatial Correlation
		2.3 STBC-SM
		2.4 SM-OSTBC
	3 SM-NSTBC Design
	4 Simulation Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Impact of Core Counts and Layouts on Dispersion Behavior in Homogeneous Multicore Fiber
	1 Introduction
	2 Design Parameters and the Schematic Designs of the Homogeneous MCF
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Erbium-Doped Optical Amplifiers—Origin to Latest Trends
	1 Introductions
	2 EDFA Configuration
	3 EDFA: Chronological Development
	4 Hybrid Amplifier Using EDFA
	5 Future Scope of Research in EDFA
	6 Conclusion
	References
An Approach for Reduction of Cross-Talk in Multi-core Optical Fibers
	1 Introduction
	2 Design Aspects
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Measurement of Angular Velocity and Tilt Angle of Two-Dimensional Fiber-Optic Gyroscope with Sagnac Effect
	1 Sagnac Interferometer
	2 Fiber-Optic Gyroscope
	3 Result
	4 Conclusion
	References
A Simple Structural Design for Tuning of Bandgap and Window in 1D Photonic Crystal
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Background
	3 Proposed Structure
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Traffic Control Enhancement with Video Camera Images Using AI
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Background Subtraction
		3.2 R-CNN, Fast R-CNN, and Faster R-CNN
	4 Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Reconfigurable Slot-Based MIMO Antenna for Cognitive Radio Application
	1 Introduction
	2 Details of the Antenna Layout
		2.1 Detail of the Wideband Sensing Antenna Layout
		2.2 Detail of the Frequency-Reconfigurable MIMO Antenna Layout
	3 Simulation Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Role of Coupling Angle on the Performance of a Ring Resonator–Waveguide Sensor
	1 Introduction
	2 Device Structure
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
CPW-Fed Triple-Band Circularly Polarized Printed Inverted C-Shaped Monopole Antenna with Closed-Loop and Two Semi-hexagonal Notches on Ground Plane
	1 Introduction
	2 Antenna Design
	3 Result and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Security for Mobile System: 5G
	1 Introduction
	2 Basic Concepts of Advanced Mobile Generation Architecture
		2.1 Architecture
		2.2 Authentication Procedure
	3 Overview of 5G Architecture
	4 Vulnerabilities in Preexisting Mobile Generations
	5 Proposed Methodology
	6 Results
	7 Conclusion
	References
Security in Wireless Sensor Network Using IPsec
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 IPsec Overview
		3.1 Architecture Used
		3.2 IKEv2 Security Association Establishment
		3.3 IKEv2 Architecture
	4 Comparison of Security Protocols of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)
	5 Variation in Protocol
	6 Results
	7 Conclusion
	References
Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna with Multiple Parasitic Patches and Shorting Vias for Bandwidth Enhancement
	1 Introduction
	2 Reported Microstrip Patch Antenna with Multiple Parasitic Patches and Shorting Vias for Bandwidth Enhancement
	3 Analysis of MSA with Multiple Parasitic Patches
	4 Analysis of MSA with Multiple Parasitic Patches and Shorting Vias
	5 Conclusions
	References
Multiband Response Investigation for Stub-Loaded Right-Angled Isosceles Triangle Microstrip Antenna
	1 Introduction
	2 Stub-Loaded Right-Angled Isosceles Triangle Microstrip Antenna (RAITMSA) for Multiband Response
	3 Analysis of Stub-Loaded RAITMSA for Multiband Response
	4 Conclusions
	References
Circularly Polarized Swastik Shape Microstrip Antenna
	1 Introduction
	2 Swastik Shape MSA
	3 Conclusions
	References
Bandwidth Enhancement of E-shape and U-Slot Embedded Microstrip Antenna Using Sectoral Patches
	1 Introduction
	2 Wideband Gap-Coupled Tapered Width E-Shape MSAs
	3 Conclusions
	References
Light-Fidelity (Li-Fi), a New Approach for Internet Inside Running Metro
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Related Works
		1.2 Our Approach and Contribution
	2 Existing Lighting System
	3 Dimensions of Metro Saloon
	4 Installation of LEDs
		4.1 Total Wattage of Fixture
		4.2 Lumen Per Fixture
		4.3 Number of Fixtures
	5 Illumination Analysis
	6 Interference Analysis
	7 Challenges
	8 Conclusion
	References
Throughput Maximization in High-Speed Train Using Hybrid RF/FSO Communication System
	1 Introduction
	2 Network Architecture of High-Speed Train
	3 System Model for Hybrid RF/FSO System
		3.1 Power Allocation for the Individual Switching Scheme
		3.2 Power Allocation for the Integrated FSO/RF Switching Scheme
	4 Simulation Result
		4.1 Comparison Between Three Different Schemes for Same Distance
		4.2 Comparison Between Three Different Schemes for Same Transmitted Power
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Miniaturized Printed UWB Antenna with Sextuple Stop Bands Based on U-Shaped Slot Resonators and Split Ring Resonators for IoT Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Antenna Design
		2.1 Design Equations for the U-Shaped Slot Resonator and Ring Resonator
		2.2 Parametric Study
		2.3 Experimental Results
	3 Conclusion
	References
Design of Half Adder Using Electro-Optic Effect in Mach–Zehnder Interferometer
	1 Introduction
	2 MZI Schematic and Principle of Operation
	3 Mathematical Equations of Half Adder Output
	4 Implementation of Half Adder
		4.1 Implementation of Half Adder Using MATLAB
		4.2 Implementation of Half Adder Using BPM
	5 Study of Different Parameters Influencing the Performance of Half Adder
		5.1 Impact of Ti Strip Thickness on IL and ER
		5.2 Impact of Arm Gap on ER
	6 Conclusion
	References
Dual-Band Plasmonic Filter Using Nanoslit-Loaded Ring Resonator
	1 Introduction
	2 Geometry and Design Parameters
	3 Simulation, Result and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Forward Error Correction Codes—Reed–Solomon and LDPC for OFDM Over the Optical Fiber Communication Systems
	1 Introduction
	2 Optical OFDM
	3 Forward Error Correction Codes
	4 Simulation and Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Theoretical Study of Transmission Coefficient and IV Characteristic of Double Barrier GaAs/Ga1−xAlxAs Heterostructure at Different Composition ‘x’
	1 Introduction
	2 Structure Specification
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Transmission Coefficient
		3.2 IV Characteristics
	4 Conclusion
	References
Polarization Encoded Multi-logic Functions with Direct Detection
	1 Introduction
	2 Operating Principle
	3 Results Analysis
	4 Conclusions
	References
Parametric Analysis of Optical Microring Resonator
	1 Introduction
	2 Mathematical Analysis
	3 Simulation and Analysis
		3.1 Parameter Affecting the Resonance
	4 Conclusion
	References
Asymmetric CPW-Fed Multistubs Loaded Compact Printed Multiband Antenna for Wireless Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Design Procedure, Antenna Configuration, and Analysis
	3 Conclusion
	References
Nanorod Dimer-Based Optical Fiber Plasmonic Sensor
	1 Introduction
	2 Principle of Operation
		2.1 LSPR in Nanorods
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Optimal Pricing for RAP in Heterogeneous Wireless Railway Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 System Model
		3.1 Service Process and Data Arrival Process
	4 Queueing Analysis on User Association
		4.1 Revenue Model
		4.2 Queuing Analysis When Both I(T) and N(T) Are Known
	5 Numerical Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Novel Design of Compact Half Equilateral Triangular MSAs Gap-coupled with Sectoral Patches
	1 Introduction
	2 Wideband HETMSAs Gap-coupled with Sectoral Patches
	3 Conclusions
	References
Study of Approaches to Implement the Prism-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors
	1 Introduction
	2 Approaches for Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors
		2.1 Prism Coupling Approach
		2.2 Grating Approach for Light Coupling
		2.3 Optical Waveguide Light Coupling Approach
	3 Performance Parameters for SPR Sensor
	4 Sensing Structure Configurations for SPR Sensor
		4.1 Prism Coupling-Based SPR Sensors
	5 Summary
	References
Wideband Designs of Unequal Lengths Slot Cut Microstrip Antennas Backed by Slotted Ground Plane
	1 Introduction
	2 RMSA Embedded with Slots Backed by DGS
	3 Conclusions
	References
Single Feed Corner Trimmed Circularly Polarized Diagonal Patch Antenna
	1 Introduction
	2 Antenna Design and Geometry
		2.1 Compact Linearly Polarized Untrimmed Patch Antenna and Elliptically Polarized 6 mm Trimmed Patch Antenna
		2.2 Compact Circularly Polarized 12 mm Trimmed Patch Antenna
	3 Results and Observations
		3.1 Return Loss and Gain
		3.2 Axial Ratio and Radiation Pattern
		3.3 Surface Current Density and Field Patterns
	4 Conclusions
	References
UWB Antenna for Breast Cancer Detection Using Back Scattering
	1 Introduction
	2 Flexible Antenna Design
	3 Microwave Imaging
	4 Breast Phantom Model
	5 Result and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	Reference
Implementation of SAC-OCDMA System Using Generalized Codes Over FSO Channel
	1 Introduction
	2 Description of the SAC-OCDMA System Using Generalized Codes
	3 SAC-OCDMA System Implementation Using Generalized Code
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Simulation Results and Discussion
		4.2 Numerical Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Design and Investigation of Octagonal Patch Antenna Using Artificial Magnetic Conductor for 5G Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Unit Cell AMC Geometry
	3 Antenna Design Configurations
		3.1 Basic Octagonal Patch
		3.2 Different Configurations of Octagonal Patch Antenna with AMC
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Numerical Investigation of T-Shape Waveguide-Based Directional Coupler
	1 Introduction
	2 DC Design and Performance Analysis
	3 Conclusion
	References
Design and Analysis of Slot Coupled Antenna on Different Dielectric Materials
	1 Introduction
	2 Design Methodology
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
The Effect of Atmosphere on FSO Communication at Two Optical Windows Under Weather Condition of Bhubaneswar City
	1 Introduction
	2 Concept and Principle
		2.1 Choice of Wavelengths for FSO
		2.2 Visibility Data
		2.3 Geometric Attenuation
		2.4 Absorption and Scattering Loss
		2.5 Atmospheric Attenuation
		2.6 Link Margin
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Design and Analysis of SRR-Inspired Ultra Wideband Antenna
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Antenna Configuration
	3 Result and Discussion
		3.1 Return Loss Characteristics
		3.2 Gain of Antenna
		3.3 Radiation Efficiency
		3.4 E-Plane and H-Plane Radiation Patterns
	4 Conclusion
	References
Secrecy Performance Analysis for Multi-hop and Single-Hop Relaying Model
	1 Introduction
	2 System Model
		2.1 DF Protocol
		2.2 AF Protocol
	3 Achievable Secrecy Rate
		3.1 Single-Hop Relay Network
		3.2 Multi-hop Relay Network
	4 Performance Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Investigation of Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) Filter Using Defected Ground Structure (DGS)
	1 Introduction
	2 Design Specifications/Goals
	3 Design Configurations of Various DB-DGS
	4 L-C Equivalent Circuit Modeling of DB-DGS
	5 Study of Different Parameters of DB-DGS
	6 Conclusions
	References
Energy-Efficient MAC-ROUTE Cross-layer Optimal Distance Chain Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 Mathematical Energy Model of Ideal PEGASIS and Intra-Grid PEGASIS
	4 Energy-Efficient Cross-layer Optimal Distance Chain Protocol (EECLODC)
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Baud Rate-Based Hierarchical Multihop Routing Protocol for WSNs
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Proposed Methodology
	4 Simulation Result and Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	References
Performance Analysis of Underwater 2D OCDMA System
	1 Introduction
	2 Underwater Wireless Optical Communication OCDMA System
	3 Channel Modeling
	4 Performance Analysis
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Next-Generation PON with Enhanced Spectral Efficiency: Analysis and Design
	1 Introduction
	2 Modeling and Equation Analysis
		2.1 Effective Raman Gain
		2.2 Spectral Efficiency Limit
	3 Simulation Model of Hybrid WDM-/TDM-PON Architecture
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Comparative Analysis of a Novel Shape Patch Antenna for Wi-Max Band with Genetic Algorithm Optimization
	1 Introduction
	2 Microstrip Patch Antenna Design
	3 Optimization of Patch Antenna
	4 Double Optimization of Patch Antenna
	5 Conclusion
	References
Analysis of Transmission Spectra of a Metal–Liquid Crystal–Metal Waveguide Structure with Different Metallic Layers
	1 Introduction
	2 2D Structure of M-LC-M Waveguide
	3 Numerical Analysis
	4 Result and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Studies of Various Artificial Magnetic Conductor for 5G Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Equivalent Circuit of AMC Unit Cell
	3 Various Types of AMC Unit Cell
	4 Comparative Results Analysis of Various Unit Cells
	5 Conclusions
	References
A Triple Band-Reject Frequency Selective Surface with Dodecagon Patch Element
	1 Introduction
	2 FSS Design
		2.1 Design of FSS Unit Cell
		2.2 Finite Array Design
	3 Simulation Results and Discussion
		3.1 Insertion Loss for the Proposed Unit Cell
		3.2 Surface Current
	4 Effect of Incidence Angle Variations
	5 Conclusion
	References
Numerical Investigation of Nonlinear Parameters of Chalcogenide-Based Holey Fiber for Supercontinuum Generation in Mid-infrared Region
	1 Introduction
	2 Modeling Linear, Nonlinear Parameters and SC Generation
	3 Structure Design of the Photonic Crystal Fiber
	4 Supercontinuum Generation with the As38.8Se61.2 PCF
	5 Conclusion
	References
Characterization of Crosstalk Under Bending and Twisting Condition in Homogeneous Multicore Fiber
	1 Introduction
	2 Crosstalk Estimation
		2.1 Coupled Mode Theory (CMT) and Coupled Power Theory (CPT) Based Analytical Model for Crosstalk Estimation
		2.2 Discrete Changes Model Approach for Crosstalk Estimation
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Design and Crosstalk Analysis in Homogeneous Trench-Assisted Multicore Fiber under Single-Mode Condition
	1 Introduction
	2 Multicore Fiber Design and Crosstalk Analysis
	3 Result and Discussion
		3.1 Crosstalk Versus Bending Radius
		3.2 Crosstalk Versus Wavelength
		3.3 Crosstalk Versus Transmission Distance
	4 Conclusion
	References
A Cavity-Backed Dual-Band SIW Antenna with Enhanced Gain and Harmonic Suppression
	1 Introduction
	2 Antenna Design and Working Principle
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Multiband Antenna for Wireless Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Antenna Design
		2.1 Design A
		2.2 Design B
		2.3 Design C
	3 Fabricated Antenna and Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Broadband Circularly Polarized CPW-Fed Inverted-L Grounded Strips and SRR Loaded Square Slot Antenna for Wi-Fi/WiMAX/5G Applications
	1 Introduction
	2 Antenna Design and Analysis
	3 Conclusion
	References
Realization of Inter-satellite Optical Wireless Wavelength Division Multiplexed System with Polarization Interleaving for LEO, MEO, and GEO Satellites
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Polarization Interleaving
	2 Proposed System Design
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
M-Way Balanced Tree Data Aggregation Approach for Clustered Wireless Sensor Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Solution
		2.1 Problem Statement
		2.2 Proposed M-Way Tree Data Aggregation Approach
	3 Cluster Structure in Proposed Approach
	4 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Modified Gbest-Guided ABC Algorithm Approach Applied to Various Nonlinear Problems
	1 Introduction
	2 Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm
		2.1 Fundamental ABC Algorithm
		2.2 Pseudocode for ABC Algorithm
	3 Modified-GABC Algorithm
		3.1 Gbest-Guided ABC Algorithm
		3.2 Gaussian ABC Algorithm
		3.3 Proposed Modified-GABC Algorithm
	4 Simulation Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
An UWB Antenna with Dual Notched Band Characteristics at WLAN Band and X-Band Application
	1 Introduction
	2 Antenna Design and Analysis
	3 Results and Discussions
	4 Conclusion
	References
Design and Simulink Implementation of Electrical Vehicle Charging Using Wireless Power Transfer Technology
	1 Introduction
	2 Derivation of Design Parameters
	3 Calculation of Design Parameters
	4 Simulink Implementation of SS-IPT Model
	5 Conclusion
	References
Hybrid Chaining Security Approach in Cloud Computing
	1 Introduction
	2 Motivation
	3 Related Research Review
	4 Proposed Work
	5 Result and Discussion
	6 Conclusion and Future Work
	References