Off Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery

Cover......Page 1
Contents......Page 6
Contributors......Page 8
Reviewers......Page 10
Foreword......Page 11
Introduction......Page 13
Section A: The Measurement Process......Page 15
1. Concepts: Measurement and MR1......Page 16
2. The Measurement Process: MR Data Collection and Image Analysis∗......Page 29
3. QA: Quality Assurance, Accuracy, Precision and Phantoms∗......Page 67
Section B: Windows into the Brain: measuring MR Parameters......Page 94
4. PD: Proton Density of Tissue Water1......Page 95
5. T1: the Longitudinal Relaxation Time......Page 120
6. T2: the Transverse Relaxation Time......Page 151
7. D: the Diffusion of Water......Page 210
8. MT: Magnetization Transfer......Page 264
9. Spectroscopy: 1H Metabolite Concentrations......Page 306
10. T1-wDCE-MRI: T1-weighted Dynamic Contrast-enhanced MRI......Page 347
11. T2-andT2-wDCE-MRI:: Blood Perfusion and Volume Estimation using Bolus Tracking1......Page 371
12. Functional MRI......Page 419
13. ASL: Blood Perfusion Measurements Using Arterial Spin Labelling......Page 460
Section C: The Biology......Page 479
14. Biology: The Significance of MR Parameters in Multiple Sclerosis......Page 480
Section D: Analysing Images......Page 503
15. Spatial Registration of Images......Page 504
16. Volume and Atrophy......Page 533
17. Shape and Texture......Page 559
18. Histograms: Measuring Subtle Diffuse Disease1......Page 580
Section E: Where are we Going?......Page 610
19. The Future of qMR: Conclusions and Speculation......Page 611
Appendix 1 - Greek Alphabet for Scientific Use1......Page 616
Index......Page 617
Color Plates......Page 630