OECD Environmental Performance Reviews Waste Management and the Circular Economy in Selected OECD Countries Evidence from Environmental Performance Reviews: Evidence from Environmental Performance Reviews

Preface
Foreword
Abbreviations and acronyms
Glossary
	References
Executive summary
Chapter 1.  Main findings and conclusions
	1.1. Introduction
	1.2. Overall trends in materials consumption and waste generation
	1.3. Waste and materials management challenges in focus countries
	1.4. Institutional and policy frameworks
	1.5. Policy instruments
	1.6. Investment and financing
	1.7. International co-operation
	Notes
	References
Chapter 2.  Trends in materials consumption and waste generation
	2.1. Economic and social context
	2.2. Material consumption and productivity
	2.3. Waste generation and treatment1
		2.3.1. Total primary waste generation
		2.3.2. Municipal solid waste generation
		2.3.3. Treatment of municipal solid waste
		2.3.4. Evidence of decoupling between waste generation and GDP
	Notes
	References
Chapter 3.  Institutional and policy framework
	3.1. OECD policy framework for waste and materials management
	3.2. Legislation, strategies and planning for waste management
		3.2.1. Legal frameworks
		3.2.2. Policies and plans
	3.3. Policy frameworks for the circular economy
	3.4. Institutional frameworks
	3.5. Organising municipal solid waste services
		3.5.1. Collecting recyclables at kerbside
		3.5.2. Role of the informal sector
		3.5.3. Size of municipal waste collection areas
		3.5.4. Institutional capacity for tendering
	3.6. Role of the private sector
	Notes
	References
Chapter 4.  Policy instruments for waste and materials management
	4.1. Regulatory instruments
	4.2. Economic instruments
		4.2.1. Municipal waste service charges and cost recovery
		4.2.2. Taxes on waste treatment and disposal
		4.2.3. Incentives, subsidies and product fees
		4.2.4. Resource taxes
		4.2.5. Revenue use
	4.3. Extended producer responsibility
		4.3.1. Schemes in place in the focus countries
		4.3.2. Challenges and lessons learned
	4.4. Green public purchasing
	4.5. Public information and awareness raising
	4.6. Monitoring and reporting
	4.7. Enforcement and compliance promotion
		4.7.1. Enforcement bodies: co-ordination and capacity building
		4.7.2. Compliance promotion
		4.7.3. Facility inspections
		4.7.4. Waste shipment inspections
		4.7.5. Pursuing violations: violations and criminal charges
	Notes
	References
Chapter 5.  Investment and financing mechanisms for waste management
	5.1. Trends in waste management investments
	5.2. Financing sources and mechanisms
		5.2.1. Dedicated environmental funds
		5.2.2. The role of the business sector and specialised producers
		5.2.3. Investment planning
	5.3. Innovative financing to promote the circular economy
	5.4. Financing and other instruments to address contaminated sites
	Notes
	References
Chapter 6.  International co-operation
	6.1. International instruments
	6.2. International waste transfers
	6.3. International co-operation
	References