Oath and State in Ancient Greece

Oath and State
in Ancient Greece......Page 4
Preface......Page 6
Contents......Page 8
Abbreviations......Page 11
Part I: Oaths in the Polis......Page 12
1 A.H. Sommerstein: Introduction......Page 14
2.1 Initial considerations......Page 20
2.2 Oaths as stepping-stones to citizenship at Athens......Page 22
2.3 The Athenian ephebic oath......Page 24
2.4 The oath of the Spartan sworn bands (enōmotiai)......Page 33
2.5 Citizenship oaths in new states......Page 40
2.6 Oaths in synoecisms......Page 42
3 A.J. Bayliss: Oaths of office......Page 44
3.1 Royal oaths......Page 45
3.2 High officials: archons and generals......Page 49
3.3 The Athenian bouleutic oath......Page 51
3.4 Minor officials......Page 54
3.5 The exōmosia for office(s)......Page 55
4 A.H. Sommerstein: Assemblies......Page 58
5.1 Homer and Hesiod......Page 68
5.2 Archaic practices and their survival; Gortyn......Page 73
5.3 Athens: introduction......Page 78
5.4 The dicastic oath......Page 80
5.5 Litigants’ preliminary oaths......Page 91
5.6 Excusing absence......Page 92
5.7 Oath to avoid irrelevance?......Page 93
5.8 Oaths and oath-offers during court speeches......Page 97
5.9 Did witnesses swear?......Page 98
5.10 Refusing to testify: the exōmosia......Page 102
5.11 Oath-challenges......Page 112
5.13 Arbitrators......Page 119
5.15 Nomothetai......Page 126
5.16 Judges of festival competitions......Page 129
6 A.H. Sommerstein: Sunōmosiai (conspiracies)......Page 131
7 (Re)uniting the citizen body......Page 140
Part II: A.J. Bayliss: Oaths and Interstate Relations......Page 156
Introduction......Page 158
8.1 Rituals......Page 162
8.2 Gods invoked......Page 171
8.3 Divine punishment......Page 178
8.4 Giving and receiving oaths: who swears?......Page 186
9 Oaths in alliances......Page 196
9.1 “We will fight together”......Page 197
9.2 L.A. Kozak: The Oath at Plataea......Page 203
9.3 Anti-deceit clauses......Page 210
9.4 Mutual-defence clauses......Page 212
9.5 Oaths to have the same enemies and friends:
the Delian League oaths......Page 216
9.6 “The Lacedaemonians and their allies” – the oaths
of the Peloponnesian League......Page 223
9.6.1 The origins of the Bündnissystem:
“I will follow whithersoever the Spartans may lead”......Page 227
9.6.2 Sparta and her allies between the Persian Wars
and the Thirty Years’ Peace......Page 233
9.6.3 Sparta and her allies finally defined – the Thirty Years’ Peace......Page 239
9.6.4 The power of the “full” oath......Page 242
9.7 Oaths between multiple equals......Page 245
9.8 “Old” oaths of alliance......Page 247
10 Oaths in peace treaties......Page 252
10.1 Pouring the peace libations......Page 253
10.2 The historical origins of sworn peace treaties......Page 255
10.3 The first sworn peace treaties......Page 258
10.4 The Thirty Years’ Peace of 446/5:
Sparta’s fear of Athens or fear of the gods?......Page 260
10.5 L.A. Kozak: The Peace of Nicias......Page 266
10.6 The King’s Peace of 387/6:
reconsidering Sparta’s alleged violation of her oaths......Page 277
10.7 The Peace of Philocrates:
debunking Philip’s reputation as a perjurer......Page 291
11.1 Truces for collecting the dead – spondai peri nekrōn......Page 302
11.2 Other sworn truces......Page 313
12 I.C. Torrance: Oaths and “the barbarian”......Page 318
12.1 The Trojan War......Page 319
12.2 Ritual and manipulation of language......Page 321
12.3 Persians: politics, perjury, approbation......Page 323
12.4 Conclusions......Page 331
13 Conclusion: the efficacy of oaths......Page 334
Bibliography......Page 338
Index of Names and Topics......Page 350
Index locorum......Page 371