Nonprofit Organizations and Civil Society in the United States

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Brief Contents
Table of Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
Section I Introduction to the Nonprofit Sector & Civil Society
	1 Defining the Nonprofit Sector and Civil Society
		Introduction
			Terms Used to Describe the Nonprofit Sector
			Civil Society
		Size and Scope of the US Nonprofit Sector
			Tax-Exempt Status
			National Taxonomy of Exempt Entities Classification
		The Blurring Boundaries of the Nonprofit Sector
			Distinguishing Characteristics of the Nonprofit Sector
			Nonprofit Similarities with For-Profit and Public Organizations
		Key Terms
		Discussion Questions
		Activity
		Websites
		Additional Reading
		Notes
	2 Historical and Legal Foundations of the Nonprofit Sector
		Introduction
		Values of the Nonprofit Sector and Civil Society
		The Roots of Nonprofits in American Social Life
		The Roots of Nonprofits in American Politics
		The Roots of Nonprofits in America’s Economy
		The Legal Framework for Nonprofit Organizations
		Summary
		Key Terms
		Discussion Questions
		Activity
		Additional Reading
		Notes
	3 Theories of the Nonprofit Sector
		Introduction
		What Is a Theory?
		Economic Theories
			Market Failure Perspectives
			Government Failure Theory
			Government-Nonprofit Partnership Theory
			Criticisms of Economic Theories
		Non-Economic Theories
			Theory of the Commons
			Mediating Theory
			Pluralism and Collective Action Theories
		Summary
		Key Terms
		Discussion Questions
		Activity
		Additional Reading
		Notes
Section II The Nonprofit Sector in Civil Society
	4 Nonprofits and Community-Building
		Introduction
		Understanding the Relationship between Civil Society and Nonprofit Organizations
			Institutions
			Ideas, Action, and Organizations
		Social Capital, Civil Society, and Nonprofits
			The Importance of Social Capital for Community-Building
		Voluntary Associations and Local Civic Groups
		The Role of Technology in Modern Civil Society
		Summary
		Key Terms
		Discussion Questions
		Activity
		Additional Video Teaching Materials for CeaseFire Example
		Notes
	5 Community Service and Voluntary Action
		Introduction
		Volunteering and Social Capital
		Who Volunteers?
		Motivations for Volunteering
			Altruistic Explanations
			Egoistic Explanations
			Coercive Explanations
		Finding the Right Fit
		The Role of Technology in Volunteering
		Summary
		Key Terms
		Discussion Questions
		Websites
		Notes
	6 Philanthropy, Foundations, and Giving
		Introduction
		Foundations
			The History of Foundations
			The Modern US Foundation Sector
			Types of Foundations
			The Functions of Foundations
		Giving in the US
			Who Gives?
			Who Benefits from Giving?
		Why Do People Give?
		The Role of Technology in Giving
		Summary
		Key Terms
		Discussion Questions
		Websites
		Additional Reading
		Notes
Section III Political, Social, & Economic Aspects of the Nonprofit Sector
	7 The Influence of Nonprofit Organizations on the Political Environment
		Introduction
		Critical Differences in Nonprofits’ Political Activities
			Lobbying Groups and Interest Groups: 501(c)4, 501(c)5 and 501(c)6 Organizations
		Shaping the Political Environment: Nonprofits and Political Representation
			What is Lobbying and Advocacy?
			Why Do We Need Lobbying and Advocacy Groups?
			Does Lobbying and Advocacy Disproportionately Benefit the Existing Power Elite?
		Shaping the Political Environment: Nonprofits and Political Mobilization
			Nonprofits Mobilizing Public Voice
			Nonprofits Mobilizing Voters
			Nonprofits Mobilizing Public Action
		Shaping the Political Environment: Nonprofits and Political Education
		Summary
		Key Terms
		Discussion Questions
		Websites
		Notes
	8 Nonprofit and Voluntary Activism: Social Movements and Protest Politics
		Introduction
		Social Change Movements—Nonprofits and Voluntary Activism
		Nonprofits in Social Movements
		Nonprofits in American Social Movements: The Labor Movement and the Civil Rights Movement
		A Political Process Model—McAdam’s Analysis of the Black Insurgency
		Social Change Organizations—Grassroots and Local Change
		Nonprofits and Contemporary Social Change
			Economic Justice and the Occupy Movement—Insurgency or Disorganized Mess?
		The Role of Technology in Modern Social Movements
		Contemporary International Social Change Movements
		Summary
		Key Terms
		Discussion Questions
		Additional Reading
		Additional Media
		Notes
	9 Economic Contributions of Nonprofit Organizations
		Introduction
		The Nonprofit Sector as a Major Employer
		The Nonprofit Role in Local Economic Development
		Job Training and Community Development
		Business Attraction, Development, and Promotion
		Summary
		Key Terms
		Discussion Questions
		Websites
		Videos
		Notes
Section IV Nonprofit Sector Challenges & Opportunities
	10 The Future of Nonprofits and Civil Society
		Introduction
		Demographic Shifts
			Diversity and Immigration
			Aging of the Population
			Poverty, Inequality, and Suburbanization of Poverty
		Fiscal Stress and Uncertainty in Government Spending
			Increased Demands for Transparency and Accountability
		Market Competition and Pressures for Performance
		The Blending and Blurring of Sector Boundaries
		The Continued Rise of Technology and Social Media
		Summary
		Key Terms
		Discussion Questions
		Activity
		Websites
		Videos for Discussion
		Additional Reading
		Notes
Glossary/Index