Nomad-State Relationships in International Relations: Before and After Borders

Contents
Notes on Contributors
List of Figures
List of Tables
Chapter 1: Introduction: Nomad-State Relationships in International Relations
	Definitions and Framework
	Framework for the Volume
	References
Chapter 2: Nomads and States in Comparative Perspective
	Nomads and States: Some Definitions
	Cultural Ecology of Nomadic Pastoralists
	Levels of Social Complexity
	Political Structures
		East Africa
		Arabia
		Iranian Plateau
		Mongolia
	The State Victorious: The End of Nomadic Power
	References
Chapter 3: The Anti-Nomadic Bias of Political Theory
	Nature: Political Animals
	God: The Great Leviathan
	History: The Rude Becoming Polished
	Nature, God and History
	References
Chapter 4: Before and After Borders: The Nomadic Challenge to Sovereign Territoriality
	Introduction
	States and Pre-State Actors
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 5: Standard of Civilization, Nomadism and Territoriality in Nineteenth-Century International Society
	Introduction
	The Standard of Civilization, Nomads and Territoriality
	The Settlement of the Steppe
	Russian Oriental Discourses Around Nomadism, Territoriality and Civilization
	Conclusions
	References
Chapter 6: Frontier Energetics: The Value of Pastoralist Border Crossings in Eastern Africa
	Introduction
	How and Where Borders Were Demarcated in East Africa
	An Entropic Theory of Borders
	The Energetics of Frontiers in Eastern Africa
	The Kenyan/Ethiopian Frontier
	The Kenyan/Tanzanian Frontier
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 7: Seeing the Nomads Like a State: Sweden and the Sámi at the Turn of the Last Century
	Introduction
	Research on Swedish Sámi Politics: Chronologies and Themes
	Reaching for Souls, Then Land
	Lapp skall vara Lapp: Defining the Sámi
	Sámi Schooling and Housing
	Leviathan 2.0
	What Accounts for This Deviation?
	Conclusions
	References
Chapter 8: African Community-Based Conservancies: Innovative Governance for Whom?
	Introduction
		Nation States and Nomadic Pastoralists
	Analytic Framework and Theoretical Considerations
	Results
		Goals and Structure of CBCs
		Linking Organizations
		Outcomes for Pastoralists
	Discussion
	Conclusions
	Appendix 1: All Case Studies
	Appendix 2: Case Studies Not Mentioned in Text
	References
Chapter 9: In Limbo of Spatial Control, Rights, and Recognition: The Negev Bedouin and the State of Israel
	Introduction
	The Negev Bedouin
	Policies Toward the Bedouin
		National Security and Spatial Control Policy
		Land Ownership
		Settlement Policy
	Bedouin Reactions to State Policies
		Spatial Control and Governance
			Democratization of Community Governance
			Individual Agency
		Land Ownership
		Settlement and Planning
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 10: Imperial Chinese Relations with Nomadic Groups
	Imperial China
	Nomadism on the Imperial Steppe
	Hill and Mountain Peoples
	Pirates as Nomads
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 11: On Being Orang Suku Laut in the Malay World
	Introduction
	The Orang Suku Laut
	Being Orang Suku Laut
	The War Machine
		Relationship with Space
		Christianity: A Resource for Distance and Modernity
		Not Doing and Undoing
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 12: From Gypsies to Romanies: Identity, Cultural Autonomy, Political Sovereignty and (the Search for a) Trans-territorial State
	Introduction
	‘We, the People!’: Romani Identity, Social Mobilization and Collective Action
	‘We, the Nation!’: Romani Identity and (the Search for) Trans-territorial State
	Conclusion
	References
Chapter 13: International Relations and Migration: Mobility as Norm Rather Than Exception
	Theoretical Claims of Volume: Distinguishing Nomadic Mobility from Migration
	IR’s Treatment of Migration as “Exception”
	Historicizing Mobility in World Politics
	Bringing the Study of Migration into International Relations
	References