New Results in Numerical and Experimental Fluid Mechanics XIII: Contributions to the 22nd STAB/DGLR Symposium

Preface
Contents
Airplane Aerodynamics/Propulsion Integration
Influence of the Wind Tunnel Model Mounting on the Wake Evolution of the Common Research Model in Post Stall
	1 Introduction
	2 Test Case and CFD Setup
	3 Results
		3.1 Near Field Effects
		3.2 Far Field Effects
		3.3 Forces and Moments
	4 Conclusions
	References
Assessment of the Disturbance Velocity Approach to Determine the Gust Impact on Airfoils in Transonic Flow
	1 Introduction
	2 Numerical Methods and Setup
	3 Results of the Gust Wavelength Variation
	4 Results of the Angle of Attack Variation
	5 Conclusion
	References
Comparison of Different Methods for the Extraction of Airfoil Characteristics of Propeller Blades as Input for Propeller Models in CFD
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Method (a) - 3d Propeller Blade Polars
		2.2 Method (b) - 2.5d Blade Element Polars
		2.3 Method (c) - 2d Airfoil Polars
		2.4 Method (d) - Slipstream Recovered Forces
		2.5 Tip Loss Correction
	3 Numerical Setup
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Airfoil Characteristics
		4.2 Validation
	5 Conclusions
	References
Turbulence and Transition
Effect of the Motion Pattern on the Turbulence Generated by an Active Grid
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Setup
		2.1 Modified Active Grid in the Wind Tunnel
		2.2 Experiments and Data Acquisition
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	References
Stochastic Modeling of Passive Scalars in Turbulent Channel Flows: Predictive Capabilities of One-Dimensional Turbulence
	1 Introduction
	2  ODT Model Formulation, Application, and Calibration
		2.1  Key Idea of ODT Modeling
		2.2  Governing Equations
		2.3  Remarks on Computational Resources Used
		2.4  Model Application and Calibration
	3  Results and Discussion
		3.1  Scaling Regimes of the Scalar Transfer to the Wall
		3.2  Mean Scalar Concentration and Boundary-Layer Structure
		3.3  Scalar Fluctuation Variance and Turbulent Fluxes
		3.4 Eddy Diffusivity and Its Relation to Asymptotic Scalar Transfer
	4  Concluding Remarks
	References
Study of RANS Turbulence Models for Turbulent Wake Flow in Adverse Pressure Gradient
	1 Introduction
	2 Test Case Description
	3 Numerical Setup for RANS Simulations
	4 RANS Turbulence Modelling
		4.1 Sensitization to Pressure Gradients
		4.2 Calibration of the GGDH Using the LES Data
	5 Results
		5.1 Mean Velocity
		5.2 Reynolds Stresses
		5.3 Ratio of Production to Dissipation of Turbulence
	6 Conclusion
	References
Study on Large-Scale Amplitude Modulation of Near-Wall Small-Scale Structures in Turbulent Wall-Bounded Flows
	1 Introduction
	2 Data Set
	3 Methodical Approach
		3.1 Multivariate Empirical Mode Decomposition
		3.2 Inner-Outer Interaction Analysis
	4 Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Application of Multitask Learning for Enhancement of Spalart-Allmaras Turbulence Model
	1 Introduction
	2 Numerical Method
		2.1 Inverse Problem Formulation
		2.2 Machine Learning
	3 Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Investigation of Coherent Motions in a Flat-Plate Turbulent Boundary Layer with Adverse Pressure Gradient
	1 Introduction
	2 DNS Data Base and Correlation Technique
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Hypersonic Aerothermodynamics
HyperCODA – Extension of Flow Solver CODA Towards Hypersonic Flows
	1 Introduction
	2 Flow Solver CODA
		2.1 Motivation and Background
		2.2 Solver Capabilities
		2.3 Infrastructure and Implementation
	3 HyperCODA – Hypersonics Extension to CODA
		3.1 Governing Equations
		3.2 Infrastructure, Spatial, and Temporal Discretization
	4 Numerical Results
		4.1 Species Transport for a Multi-species Gas
		4.2 Sod Problem with Multiple Species
		4.3 Blunt Body Test Case
		4.4 Application to a Rocket Example: Falcon9 Retropropulsion
	5 Planned Features for HyperCODA
	6 Conclusions
	References
Experimental Approach on Concentration Measurements of NO in Hydrogen Combustion Based on Heterodyne Laser Absorption Spectroscopy Using Quantum Cascade Lasers
	1 Introduction
	2 Dual Comb Laser Absorption Spectroscopy
	3 Experimental Apparatus
		3.1 Spectrometer
		3.2 HEG and SSFE Wind Tunnel Model
		3.3 Flow State of the SSFE Propulsion Unit
		3.4 Wavenumber Calibration
	4 Conclusions
	References
Internal Application of Ultra-Fast Temperature Sensitive Paint to Hydrogen Combustion Flow
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Background
	3 Experimental Apparatus and Data Processing
	4 Results
	5 Summary, Conclusion and Outlook
	References
Aerodynamic Data Set Generation for the Experimental Vehicle ReFEx
	1 Introduction
	2 Aerodynamic Characterization
		2.1 Reduction of Calculation Points by Traditional Means
		2.2 Aerodynamic Dataset Structure with Trimmed Sets
		2.3 Obtaining Aerodynamic Coefficients from the Trimmed Aerodynamic Dataset
	3 Superposition of Parameter Effects
	4 Interpolation Quality and Valid Deflections
	5 Conclusion
	References
Contribution of Numerical and Experimental Flow Simulations to the Aerodynamic Data Base of the DLR Reusable Flight Experiment ReFEx
	1 Introduction
	2 Wind Tunnel
	3 Numerical Methods
	4 Results for Symmetrical Canard Deflection
		4.1 Uncertainties of the Calculated Aerodynamic Coefficients
		4.2 Further Influence on the Aerodynamic Coefficients
	5 Results for Asymmetrical Canard Deflection
	6 Conclusion
	References
Flow Control
Unsteady Characterization of Fluidic Flow Control Devices for Gust Load Alleviation
	1 Introduction
	2 Numerical Approach
		2.1 Unsteady Simulations
	3 Actuator Definitions
		3.1 Performance Recovery for Coanda Baseline Airfoil
		3.2 Jet Temperature Effect
		3.3 Dual Blowing for Load Alleviation
	4 Gust Definition
	5 Unsteady Behavior of Active Flow Control
		5.1 Actuator Comparison
	6 Conclusions
	References
Aeroelastic Behavior of a Laminar Wing in Transonic Flow
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 ModGen: Geometry and Structural Model
		2.2 DLR TAU-Code: Transition Prediction
		2.3 FlowSimulator: CFD-CSM Coupling
	3 Results
		3.1 Aerodynamics
		3.2 Structural Model
		3.3 Aeroelasticity
	4 Conclusion and Outlook
	References
Influence of Surface Irregularities on the Expected Boundary-Layer Transition Location on Hybrid Laminar Flow Control Wings
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Reference Design and Base Flow Computation
		2.2 Infinite Swept-Wing Approximation
		2.3 Surface Irregularity
		2.4 Instability Analysis
	3 Results
		3.1 Base Flow Computations
		3.2 N-Factor Curves
	4 Conclusions
	References
Transition Prediction and Analysis of the CRM-NLF Wing with the DLR TAU Code
	1 Introduction
	2 Simulation Set-Up
	3 Results
		3.1 Comparison of Numerical and Experimental Data
		3.2 Influence of Turbulent Wedges
		3.3 Stability Analysis
	4 Conclusion
	References
Determination of Critical N-Factors for the CRM-NLF Wing
	1 Introduction
	2 Approach
	3 Approach
	4 Conclusion
	References
Experimental Investigation on Roughness-Induced Transition Under the Influence of Freestream Turbulence
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Set-Up
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
A Procedure to Estimate the Size of a Suction Flap for a Passive HLFC System
	1 Introduction
	2 Review of Rogallo's Results
	3 Approximation of the Experimental Results
	4 Flap Size Estimation
	5 Conclusions
	References
Receptivity of Swept-Wing Boundary Layers to Surface Roughness and Inhomogeneous Suction
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 PSE
		2.2 Roughness and Inhomogeneous Suction Boundary Conditions
		2.3 Adjoint PSE
		2.4 Receptivity Coefficients
		2.5 Baseflow Configuration
	3 Results
		3.1 FSC Results
		3.2 A320 VTP Receptivity Results
	4 Summary and Conclusions
	References
DLR Feasibility Study of HLFC Wing Designs for S1MA Wind Tunnel Test
	1 Introduction
	2 Geometry and Flow Conditions
		2.1 GBD-DLR-2 and HLFC-WIN S1MA Geometries
		2.2 Flow Conditions
	3 Design Requirements
	4 Numerical Methods
		4.1 CFD Method and Design Method
		4.2 Computational Meshes
		4.3 Stability Analysis
	5 Results
		5.1 Design Strategy and Procedure
		5.2 Inner Wing Attachment Line Criteria Results 2Re
		5.3 Presure Distributions Results, Especially Outer Wing
	6 Summary
	References
The Effect of 2-D Surface Irregularities on Laminar-Turbulent Transition: A Comparison of Numerical Methodologies
	1 Introduction
	2 Numerical Methods
	3 Results
		3.1 Laminar Basic Flows
		3.2 Instability Analysis
	4 Conclusions
	References
Numerical Study of Dynamic 2D Bumps for Active Gust Load Alleviation
	1 Introduction
	2 Numerical Approach and Flow Conditions
	3 Prestudy–Critical Load Case
	4 Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
High-Agility Configuration
Steady-State Flow Solutions for Delta Wing Configurations at High Angle of Attack Using Implicit Schemes
	1 Introduction, Governing Equations and Discretization
		1.1 Introduction
		1.2 RANS Equations and Discretization
	2 Solution Method
		2.1 Implicit Smoother
		2.2 Preconditioning Strategies
		2.3 Approximation of Jacobian
		2.4 Choice of Time Step, Stabilization
	3 Numerical Results
		3.1 Transonic Flow over a Delta-Wing with Attached Sting
		3.2 Low Mach Flow over a Delta-Wing with Load
	4 Conclusion
	References
Analysis of Vortex Burst Phenomena on Generic Hybrid Delta Wing Planforms at Subsonic Speeds
	1 Introduction
	2 Configurations
	3 Experimental Methods
		3.1 Fast Response Aerodynamic Probe
		3.2 Particle Image Velocimetry
	4 Results
		4.1 Turbulent Flow Field
		4.2 Spectral Analysis of the Vortex Breakdown
	5 Conclusion
	References
Numerical Modelling of a Wind Tunnel Experiment to Investigate Vortex-Dominated Flow at Medium and High Angles of Attack
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Considerations
	3 Experimental Set-Up
		3.1 Transonic Windtunnel Goettingen (TWG)
		3.2 IWEX Model
		3.3 Measurement Methodology/Sensors
	4 Numerical Set-Up
		4.1 CFD Grid
		4.2 Flow Solver
		4.3 Boundary Conditions for Wind Tunnel Flow
	5 Results
		5.1 Steady Calculations
		5.2 Unsteady Calculations
	6 Conclusion
	References
Rotorcraft
Investigation of a Coaxial Propeller Configuration Under Non-axial Inflow Conditions
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Approach
	3 Numerical Approach
	4 Results
		4.1 Steady Forces
		4.2 Transient Forces
		4.3 Velocity and Pressure Along Propeller Axis
		4.4 Flow Fields
	5 Conclusion
	References
BOS-Based Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Rotor Blade Tip Vortex Positions
	1 Introduction
	2 Rotor Test Stand Experiment (RTG)
		2.1 Experimental Setup at the RTG
		2.2 Reconstruction Methodology
		2.3 Results
		2.4 PIV Comparison
	3 Free-Flying Model Helicopter Experiment
		3.1 Experimental Setup of the Model Helicopter
		3.2 Reconstruction Methodology
		3.3 Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Quantification of the Influence of Particle Voids on PIV Measurements via Synthetic-PIV
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Background
	3 Synthetic Particle Image Velocimetry
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Development and Analysis of a Coaxial Rotor Test Bench in Axial Flow Conditions
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Setup
	3 Experimental Procedure
		3.1 Test Envelope
		3.2 Data Processing and Uncertainty Analysis
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Numerical Investigation of Aerodynamic Fairings on a Cycloidal Rotor
	1 Introduction
	2 Model Setup
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Application of Fan Boundary Condition for Modelling Helicopter Rotors in Vertical Flight
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Numerical Setup
	3 Results
		3.1 Identification of Rotor Working States
		3.2 Wake Swirl in Hover
	4 Discussion and Conclusions
	References
Efficient Aerodynamic and Aeroacustic Optimization of Propeller Sections Using Bayesian Methods
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Parametrization
		2.2 Airfoil-Self Noise
		2.3 Bayesian Optimization
	3 Optimization Problem
	4 Results
		4.1 Pure Aerodynamic Optimization
		4.2 Coupled Aerodynamic and Aeroacoustic Optimization
	5 Conclusion and Outlook
	References
Approximate Boundary Layer Methods for a Fast Mid-Fidelity Aerodynamics Code for Helicopter Simulations
	1 Introduction
	2 Computational Method
		2.1 Unsteady Panel and Free-Wake Method
		2.2 Approximate Boundary Layer Analysis
	3 Results
		3.1 Airfoils
		3.2 Wings
		3.3 Rotors
		3.4 Fuselages
	4 Conclusion
	References
Experimental Measurement of a UAV Rotor's Acoustic Emission
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Setup
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Aerodynamic Analysis and Optimization of a Coaxial Helicopter Fuselage
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology and Numerical Setup
	3 Results
		3.1 Fuselage Polar
		3.2 Flight Polar
		3.3 Fuselage Optimization
	4 Conclusions
	References
Effect of Vortex-Wake Interaction on Vortex-Rotor Interference and on Rotor Trim
	1 Introduction
	2 Technical Approach
	3 Results
	4 Visualization of Fixed-Wing and Rotor Wakes
	5 Conclusions
	References
Comparisons of Different Spatial Schemes and Limiters for Helicopter Flows
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Ehrenfried Vortex
	4 Inviscid NACA0012
	5 7A/7AD Rotors in Hover
	6 HART-II Rotor in Descent Flight
	7 Summary
	References
Experimental and Numerical Study on Helicopter Acoustic Scattering
	1 Introduction
	2 Description of the Test Setup for the Fuselage Scattering
		2.1 DLR Laser Point Source
		2.2 Polimi Tail Rotor Source
	3 Description of DLR Acoustic Scattering Prediction Methodology for the Helicopter Purpose
		3.1 DLR Acoustic Scattering Prediction
		3.2 The Rotor Noise Incident Field
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 The Fuselage Scattering from the Laser Point Source
		4.2 Rotor Noise Scattering by the Fuselage
	5 Conclusion Remarks
	References
Technical Flows
Bi-stability Detection in the Flow Around a Sphere by Means of Experiments and Lattice Boltzmann Simulations
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Setup
	3 Numerical Methodology
	4 Comparison of the Predicted and Measured Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Convolutional Neural Networks for Approximation of Blood Flow in Artificial Lungs
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Training Data
		2.2 Neural Network Designs
		2.3 Loss Manipulation
		2.4 Hyper Parameter Search
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Modelling of Heat Transfer for Droplet Condensation in Mixed Convective Duct Flow
	1 Condensation
		1.1 Model Despcription
	2 Experimental Setup
		2.1 Thermal Balance
		2.2 Adjustment of the Droplet Force Balance
	3 Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Experimental Simulation of the Human Respiration
	1 Introduction
	2 Human Breathing Characteristics
	3 System Layout and Implementation
		3.1 Mechanical Implementation
		3.2 Sensors and Control System
		3.3 Development of a Realistic Human Breathing Flow via Facial Mask
	4 System Validation and Application
		4.1 Validation of Human Breathing Characteristics
		4.2 Generic Train Laboratory
		4.3 Spatial CO2 Distribution in the Generic Train Laboratory
	5 Conclusion
	References
Characterization of a Mixed Convection Cell Designed for Phase Transition Studies in Moist Air
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Set-Up
	3 Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Study on the Influence of Turbulence on Thermal Comfort for Draft Air
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Setup
	3 Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
On the Simulation of a Heavy Vehicle Wake in OpenFOAM with Real-World Data
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Simulation of the On-Road Incoming Flow
		2.2 Simulation of Incoming Flow for the Wind Tunnel Model
		2.3 Computational Set-Up
	3 Assessment of Incoming Velocity Fields
	4 Assessment of Predicted Drag
	5 Computational Resources
	6 Conclusions
	References
Aerodynamic Characterisation of a Compact Car Driving Behind a Heavy Vehicle
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Methodology
		2.1 Test Site
		2.2 Test Vehicles
		2.3 Measurements
	3 Incoming Flow
		3.1 Turbulence Intensities, Length Scales and Isotropy
		3.2 Velocity Flow Field
		3.3 Frequency Spectra of the Velocity Fluctuations
	4 Surface Pressure on the Compact Car
		4.1 Time-Averaged Pressure
		4.2 Transient Pressure
	5 Conclusions
	References
Aeroelasticity and Structural Dynamics
High-Fidelity Aeroelastic Loads Calculation for a Transport Aircraft Configuration Including Pitch and Roll Maneuvers
	1 Introduction
	2 Loads Analysis
		2.1 Steady Maneuvers
		2.2 Inertia Loads
		2.3 Elastic Deformation
	3 Models and Software
		3.1 Aerodynamic Models
		3.2 Structural Models
		3.3 UltraFLoads
	4 Results
	5 Robustness
	6 Conclusion
	References
Deformation Measurements of a Full Span Model with Adaptive Elasto-Flexible Membrane Wings
	1 Introduction
	2 The Elasto-Flexible Morphing Wing
		2.1 Description of the Concept
		2.2 Model Design
	3 Experimental Setup
	4 Results
		4.1 Pre-strain of the Membrane
		4.2 Deformation of the Wing Planform
		4.3 Deformation of the Wing Airfoil
	5 Conclusion and Outlook
	References
Numerical Investigation of Flexibility Effects on the CFD-CSM Coupling of Deflected Delta Wing Control Surfaces
	1 Introduction
	2 Numerical Methods
		2.1 Computational Fluid Dynamics Solver
		2.2 Fluid-Structure Coupling
		2.3 CFD Volume Grid Deformation
		2.4 Chimera Implementation
		2.5 Structural Solver
	3 Model53 Delta Wing
		3.1 Computational Fluid Dynamics Model
		3.2 Finite Element Model
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Fluid and Thermodynamics
Validation of a Dynamic Simulation Approach for Transient Performance Using the Example of a Turbojet Engine
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Experimental Setup
		2.2 Numerical Setup
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion and Outlook
	References
LES of N2/H2 Transcritical Injection in a Rocket Combustion Chamber
	1 Introduction
	2 Governing Equations
	3 Numerical Methods
		3.1 Solver Description
		3.2 Equation of State
	4 Setup
	5 Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Computational Aerodynamics
Towards a 3D Galerkin-Type High-Order Panel Method: A 2D Prototype
	1 Introduction
	2 Galerkin-Type High-Order Panel Method
		2.1 Governing Equations
		2.2 Discretization
		2.3 Comparison to Traditional Panel Methods
	3 Numerical Results
		3.1 Test Cases with Analytic Solutions
		3.2 Miranda Test Case
	4 Conclusions
	References
Numerical Investigation of the Unsteady Flow Field Past an Offshore Wind Turbine in Maintenance Operations
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 The Flow Solver FLOWer
		2.2 The NREL 5-MW Wind Turbine
		2.3 Computational Cases
	3 Results
		3.1 Structure of the Time-Resolved Flow Field
		3.2 Definition of the Helicopter Flight Regions
		3.3 Turbulence Kinetic Energy
		3.4 Inclination Angle
		3.5 Turbulence Criterion for Safe Helicopter Operations
	4 Conclusions
	References
A Discontinuous Galerkin Chimera Method for Unsteady Flow Problems on Moving Grids
	1 Introduction
	2 Governing Equations
	3 Numerical Formulation
	4 Chimera Method
	5 Numerical Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Efficient Modelling of Near-Wall Turbulence in Hybrid RANS-LES Simulations
	1 Introduction
	2 Numerical Method
		2.1 Hybrid RANS-LES Modelling
		2.2 Analytical Wall Function Approach
	3 Results
		3.1 Periodic Channel
		3.2 Backward-Facing Step
		3.3 NASA Wall-Mounted Hump
		3.4 Efficiency Considerations
	4 Conclusions
	References
Sensitivity Analysis of Discrepancy Terms Introduced in Turbulence Models Using Field Inversion
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Field Inversion and Machine Learning
		2.2 Implementation
	3 Sensitivity Analysis
		3.1 Regularization
		3.2 Grid Resolution
		3.3 Area of Optimization
	4 Application
		4.1 Training
		4.2 Numerical Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Spliss: A Sparse Linear System Solver for Transparent Integration of Emerging HPC Technologies into CFD Solvers and Applications
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Matrix Structure
		1.2 Solution Methods
	2 The HPC-Aware Implementation of Spliss
	3 The Integration of Spliss in CFD Applications
	4 Evaluation
		4.1 Evaluation of Spliss in Comparison to PETSc
		4.2 Evaluation of CODA with Spliss on GPUs
	5 Conclusion
	References
Convection Treatment for RANS Turbulence Model Equations
	1 Introduction
	2 Governing Equations of Fluid Flow
		2.1 Upwind Schemes
		2.2 Fully Coupled Discretization
		2.3 Loosely Coupled Discretization
		2.4 Loosely Coupled, Simplified HLLC Discretization
	3 Numerical Examples
		3.1 Turbulent Flat Plate
		3.2 Turbulent Flow over RAE 2822 Airfoil
		3.3 Turbulent Flow over NACA 0012 Airfoil
	4 Conclusion
	References
DES of Weapon Bay in Fighter Aircraft Under High-Subsonic and Supersonic Conditions
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Description of Geometry
	2 Numerical Method
		2.1 Hybrid RANS-LES Method
		2.2 Spatial and Numerical Discretization
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Qualitative Description of the Flow Field
		3.2 Mean-u and p-RMS Fields
		3.3 Spectral Analysis
	4 Conclusion and Outlook
	References
Numerical Investigation of a Porous Trailing Edge by a Zonal RANS/LES Simulation
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Formulation
		2.1 LES
		2.2 RANS
		2.3 Numerical Solution
	3 Computational Setup
	4 Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Meshing Strategy for Movable Control Surfaces: Towards High-Fidelity Flight Maneuver Simulations
	1 Introduction
	2 Automatic Overlapping Region Generation for Matching Block Interfaces: The AutoLap Software
	3 Test Cases
		3.1 Prandtl-Meyer Expansion Fan
		3.2 NACA0012 Wing with a Generic Aileron
	4 Conclusions
	References
Aerodynamic Shape Design of a Powered Helicopter Cell Using an Adjoint RANS Method with Actuator Disk Modelling
	1 Introduction
	2 Navier-Stokes Method and Actuator Disk Modelling
		2.1 Finite-Volume Discretization
		2.2 Discrete-Adjoint Method
		2.3 Actuator-Disk Extension for the Discrete-Adjoint Method
		2.4 Solution Algorithms
		2.5 Verification Studies
	3 Drag Minimization for a Helicopter Cell in Powered Conditions
		3.1 ROBIN-Mod7 Helicopter Configuration
		3.2 Optimization Workflow and Components
		3.3 Optimization Study
	4 Conclusions
	References
Neural Network Modeling of Transonic Buffet on the NASA Common Research Model
	1 Introduction
	2 Computational Setup
		2.1 CFD Solver
		2.2 Nonlinear System Identification Approach
	3 Application
		3.1 Test Case: Common Research Model
		3.2 Nonlinear System Identification
	4 Validation and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Experimental Aerodynamics
Experimental Investigation of a Line-Cavity System Equipped with Fiber-Optic Differential Pressure Sensors in a Shock Tube
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Background
		2.1 Theory on the Line-Cavity System
		2.2 System Identification
		2.3 Fiber-Optic Pressure Sensor
	3 Experimental Setup: Shock Tube
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
2D Airfoil-Testing in an Open Wind Tunnel Test Section: Test Setup, Instrumentation, Interference-Corrections, Validation
	1 Introduction
	2 Wind Tunnel and Test Setup
	3 Investigation of Instrumentation and Testing Procedure
		3.1 Angle of Attack Measurement
		3.2 Flow Rakes in Angular Flow
		3.3 Miscellaneous
	4 Wind Tunnel Interference Correction
	5 Validation Results and Conclusion
	References
On the Effectiveness of Retrofitted Airfoil Leading Edge Devices to Limit Lift
	1 Introduction
	2 Wind Tunnel and Test Setup
	3 Investigation of Leading Edge Radius Variations
		3.1 Xfoil Results
		3.2 Wind Tunnel Results
	4 Conclusion and Outlook
	References
Wake Vortex Analysis on Transport Aircraft Wing Featuring Dynamic Flap Motion
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Technique
		2.1 Wind Tunnel Model and Test Facility
		2.2 Particle Image Velocimetry
	3 Numerical Setup
		3.1 Computational Mesh
		3.2 Flow Solver
	4 Results
		4.1 Baseline Configuration
		4.2 Oscillating Flap Configuration
	5 Conclusion
	References
Aeroacoustic Noise
Fast Non-empiric Propeller Source Noise Model with Mean Flow
	1 Introduction
	2 Propeller Source Noise Model Implementation
		2.1 Calculation of the Time Dependent Source Singularity Location
		2.2 Regularisation of Sources
	3 System of Perturbation Equations
	4 Validation
	5 Conclusions and Future Outlook
	References
Investigation of Lighthill-Source Components in a Planar Jet-Wing-Flap Configuration
	1 Introduction
	2 Lighthill Source Componentens
	3 Validation of the Source Treatment
	4 Jet-Wing-Flap Configuration
	5 Conclusion and Outlook
	References
A FWH Method for Aeroacoustic Prediction in Presence of Vorticity and Convection
	1 Introduction
	2 Governig Equations in CFD-Domain
	3 Governing Equations in CAA-Domain
	4 Verification and Validation
	5 Conclusion and Outlook
	References
Author Index