Neuromuscular Orthodontics: A Clinical Guide

Preface
Acknowledgments
Contents
1: Freeway Space (FWS) in Neuromuscular Dentistry
	Freeway Space a “Functional Space”
	Freeway Space and Dental Occlusion
	References
2: Creating a Common Language
	Lateral Cephalograms
		Cephalometrics
			Diagnostic Concept 1
				The Importance of the Cranio-Mandibular Relationship
			Diagnostic Concept 2
				Anterior-Posterior Relation
			Diagnostic Concept 3
				Vertical Relation
			Diagnostic Concept 4
				Transverse Relation. Expansion
	References
3: Neuromuscular Theory and the Stomatognathic Triad: Treatment Objectives in Neuromuscular Orthodontics
	References
4: Updates on Functional Anatomy
	Temporo-Mandibular Joint
		Muscles and Function
	Suprahyoid Muscles
	Infrahyoid Muscles
	Tongue
	The Fascial System
	References
5: Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator (TENS) and Surface Electromyography: Important Diagnostic Aids for Bite Registration and Skeletal Discrepancies
	Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator
		Procedure for Bite Registration Technique
	Surface Electromyography
		Asymmetry of the Face in the Growing Child
		Asymmetry of the Face in Adulthood
	References
6: A Simplified Protocol with the Bioelectrical Instrumentation
	Protocol Specifications
	Mandatory 40 min of ULF-TENS with Aqualizer®
		Options
7: Schematic Kinesiographic Representation of Occlusal Dental Relationships
	Occlusal Class I
		Example Case
	Occlusal Class III
		Example Case
	Occlusal Class II
	References
8: The Ideal Function Is Linked to Ideal Swallow
	Normal Deglutition
	S.EMG in Normal Occlusion
	S.EMG in Swallow Dysfunction (S-EMG Study Hypothesis)
	Primary Versus Secondary Tongue Dysfunction, Hypothesis Discussion
	Distalization of the Upper Arch
	Interruption of Tooth Contact between the Dental Arches in Children and Adults: Aligner Treatment and Gummy Positioners
	Orthodontic Treatment without Treatment of Respiratory Problems
	Orthodontic Treatment without Correction of Parafunctions and Bad Habits
	References
9: Mandibular Freedom and Spontaneous Mandibular Migration (SMM)
	Example Case
	Discussion
	References
10: Treatment Procedures
	Extrusion
		Active Extrusion (AE)
	Case 10.1
		Class II Occlusion with Increased OJ and Increased Freeway Space
			Treatment Sequence
			Treatment Results—Discussion
				Passive Extrusion (PE)
			Functional Appliances and Extrusion
			Intrusion
				High Pull Head Gear (HPHG)
				Build-Ups
				Fixed Appliance Therapy
				Functional Appliances
				Vertical Springs
			Bite Jumping Devices and Intrusion
	Case 10.2
		Class III Occlusion with No OJ and Reduced Freeway Space (Open Bite)
			Treatment Sequence
			Treatment Results—Discussion
			Habit Correction
			Retention
	References
11: Head and Body Posture in Relation to Mandibular Position
	Concept 1
	Concept 2
	Concept 3
	Concept 4
	Concept 5
	References
12: Clinical Cases
	Case 12.1
		Class I Occlusion with Reduced OJ and Increased Freeway Space [1]
			Introduction
			Case Discussion
	Case 12.2
		Class I Occlusion with Increased OJ and Reduced Freeway Space
			Neuromuscular Consequences to Excessive Positioner Use
			Introduction
			Discussion
	Case 12.3
		Class III Occlusion with Negative OJ and Increased Freeway Space
			Introduction
			Discussion
			Follow-Up
	Case 12.4
		Class I Occlusion with TMD Symptoms
			Introduction
			Discussion
				Swallow Assessement
	Case 12.5
		Class III Occlusion with Excess Freeway Space. Think the Neuromuscular Way
			Introduction
			Discussion
	Case 12.6
		Class II Occlusion with Increased Freeway Space. Slight Functional Asymmetry
			Introduction
			Discussion
	Case 12.7
		Class II Long Face Syndrome with Loss of Freeway Space. Increased OJ
			Introduction
			Discussion
	Case 12.8
		Skeletal Class I and Dental Class I: Distal Occlusion and Anterior Wall
			Introduction
			Discussion
	References