Network Programming with Go Language

Table of Contents
About the Authors
About the Technical Reviewer
Acknowledgments
Preface to the Second Edition
Preface to the First Edition
Chapter 1: Architectural Layers
	Protocol Layers
		ISO OSI Protocol
		OSI Layers
		TCP/IP Protocol
		Some Alternative Protocols
	Networking
	Gateways
	Host-Level Networking
	Packet Encapsulation
	Connection Models
		Connection Oriented
		Connectionless
	Communications Models
		Message Passing
		Remote Procedure Call
	Distributed Computing Models
	Client-Server System
	Client-Server Application
	Server Distribution
	Communication Flows
		Synchronous Communication
		Asynchronous Communication
		Streaming Communication
		Publish/Subscribe
	Component Distribution
		Gartner Classification
			Example: Distributed Database
			Example: Network File Service
			Example: Web
			Example: Terminal Emulation
			Example: Secure Shell
		Three-Tier Models
		Fat vs. Thin
	Middleware Model
		Middleware Examples
		Middleware Functions
	Continuum of Processing
	Points of Failure
	Acceptance Factors
	Thoughts on Distributed Computing
	Transparency
		Access Transparency
		Location Transparency
		Migration Transparency
		Replication Transparency
		Concurrency Transparency
		Scalability Transparency
		Performance Transparency
		Failure Transparency
	Eight Fallacies of Distributed Computing
		Fallacy: The Network Is Reliable
		Fallacy: Latency Is Zero
		Fallacy: Bandwidth Is Infinite
		Fallacy: The Network Is Secure
		Fallacy: Topology Doesn’t Change
		Fallacy: There Is One Administrator
		Fallacy: Transport Cost Is Zero
		Fallacy: The Network Is Homogeneous
	Conclusion
Chapter 2: Overview of the Go Language
	Types
		Slices and Arrays
		Maps
		Pointers
		Functions
		Structures
		Methods
	Multithreading
	Packages
	Modules
	Type Conversion
	Statements
	GOPATH
	Running Go Programs
	Standard Libraries
	Error Values
	Conclusion
Chapter 3: Socket-Level Programming
	The TCP/IP Stack
		IP Datagrams
		UDP
		TCP
	Internet Addresses
		IPv4 Addresses
		IPv6 Addresses
	IP Address Type
	Using Available Documentation and Examples
		The IPMask Type
		Basic Routing
		The IPAddr Type
		Host Canonical Name and Addresses Lookup
	Services
		Ports
		The TCPAddr Type
	TCP Sockets
		TCP Client
		A Daytime Server
		Multithreaded Server
	Controlling TCP Connections
		Timeout
		Staying Alive
	UDP Datagrams
	Server Listening on Multiple Sockets
	The Conn, PacketConn, and Listener Types
	Raw Sockets and the IPConn Type
	Conclusion
Chapter 4: Data Serialization
	Structured Data
	Mutual Agreement
	Self-Describing Data
	Encoding Packages
	ASN.1
		ASN.1 Daytime Client and Server
	JSON
		A Client and A Server
	The Gob Package
		A Client and A Server
	Encoding Binary Data As Strings
	Protocol Buffers
		Installing and Compiling Protocol Buffers
		The Generated personv3.pb.go File
		Using the Generated Code
	Conclusion
Chapter 5: Application-Level Protocols
	Protocol Design
	Why Should You Worry?
	Version Control
		The Web
	Message Format
	Data Format
		Byte Format
		Character Format
	A Simple Example
		A Stand-Alone Application
		The Client-Server Application
		The Client Side
		Alternative Presentation Aspects
		The Server Side
		Protocol: Informal
		Text Protocol
		Server Code
		Client Code
		Textproto Package
	State Information
		Application State Transition Diagram
		Client-State Transition Diagrams
		Server-State Transition Diagrams
		Server Pseudocode
	Conclusion
Chapter 6: Managing Character Sets and Encodings
	Definitions
		Character
		Character Repertoire/Character Set
		Character Code
		Character Encoding
		Transport Encoding
	ASCII
	ISO 8859
	Unicode
	UTF-8, Go, and Runes
		UTF-8 Client and Server
		ASCII Client and Server
	UTF-16 and Go
		Little-Endian and Big-Endian
		UTF-16 Client and Server
	Unicode Gotchas
	ISO 8859 and Go
	Other Character Sets and Go
	Conclusion
Chapter 7: Security
	ISO Security Architecture
		Functions and Levels
		Mechanisms
	Data Integrity
	Symmetric Key Encryption
	Public Key Encryption
	X.509 Certificates
	TLS
		A Basic Client
		Server Using a Self-Signed Certificate
	Conclusion
Chapter 8: HTTP
	URLs and Resources
		i18n
		HTTP Characteristics
		Versions
		HTTP/0.9
			Response Format
		HTTP/1.0
			Request Format
			Response Format
		HTTP 1.1
		HTTP Major Upgrades
		HTTP/2
		HTTP/3
	Simple User Agents
		The Response Type
		The HEAD Method
		The GET Method
	Configuring HTTP Requests
	The Client Object
	Proxy Handling
		Simple Proxy
		Authenticating Proxy
	HTTPS Connections by Clients
	Servers
		File Server
		Handler Functions
		Bypassing the Default Multiplexer
	HTTPS
	Conclusion
Chapter 9: Templates
	Inserting Object Values
		Using Templates
	Pipelines
	Defining Functions
	Variables
	Conditional Statements
	The html/template Package
	Conclusion
Chapter 10: A Complete Web Server
	Browser Site Diagram
	Browser Files
	Basic Server
	The listFlashCards Function
	The manageFlashCards Function
	The Chinese Dictionary
		The Dictionary Type
	Flashcard Sets
	Fixing Accents
	The ListWords Function
	The showFlashCards Function
	Presentation on the Browser
	Running the Server
	Conclusion
Chapter 11: HTML
	The html/template Package
	Tokenizing HTML
	XHTML/HTML
	JSON
	Conclusion
Chapter 12: XML
	Unmarshalling XML
	Marshalling XML
	Parsing XML
		The StartElement Type
		The EndElement Type
		The CharData Type
		The Comment Type
		The ProcInst Type
		The Directive Type
	XHTML
	HTML
	Conclusion
Chapter 13: Remote Procedure Call
	Go’s RPC
		HTTP RPC Server
		HTTP RPC Client
		TCP RPC Server
		TCP RPC Client
		Matching Values
	JSON
		JSON RPC Server
		JSON RPC Client
	Conclusion
Chapter 14: REST
	URIs and Resources
	Representations
	REST Verbs
		The GET Verb
		The PUT Verb
		The DELETE Verb
		The POST Verb
	No Maintained State (That Is, Stateless)
	HATEOAS
	Representing Links
	Transactions with REST
	The Richardson Maturity Model
	Flashcards Revisited
		URLs
	ServeMux (The Demultiplexer)
	Content Negotiation
		GET /
		POST /
	Handling Other URLs
	The Complete Server
	Client
	Using REST or RPC
	Conclusion
Chapter 15: WebSockets
	WebSockets Server
	The golang.org/x/net/websocket Package
		The Message Object
		The JSON Object
		The Codec Type
		WebSockets over TLS
		WebSockets in an HTML Page
	The github.com/gorilla/websocket Package
		Echo Server
		Echo Client
	Conclusion
Chapter 16: Gorilla
	Middleware Pattern
	Standard Library ServeMux Examples
	Customizing Muxes
	gorilla/mux
	Why Should We Care
	Gorilla Handlers
	Additional Gorilla Examples
	gorilla/rpc
	gorilla/schema
	gorilla/securecookie
	Conclusion
Chapter 17: Testing
	Simple and Broken
	httptest Package
	Below HTTP
	Leveraging the Standard Library
	Conclusion
Appendix A:
Fuzzing
	Fuzzing in Go
	Fuzzing Failures
	Fuzzing Network-Related Artifacts
	Conclusion
Appendix B:
Generics
	A Filtering Function Without Generics
	Refactor Using Generics
	Custom Constraints
	Using Generics on Collections
	How Not to Use Generics?
	Conclusion
Index