NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES: manufacturing, characterization and testing

Cover......Page 1
Half Title......Page 2
Title Page......Page 4
Copyright Page......Page 5
Table of Contents......Page 6
Preface......Page 10
Foreword......Page 12
About the Authors......Page 16
 1.1 Introduction......Page 18
 1.2 Classification of Natural Fibres......Page 19
  1.3.3 Cellulose Fibre......Page 20
 1.4 Performance Criteria of Individual Natural Fibres in Making Composites......Page 22
 References......Page 24
 2.2 Blends within Natural Fibres......Page 30
 2.3 Blends with Synthetic Fibres......Page 32
  2.3.1 Interfacial Bonding Mechanism......Page 33
 2.4 Characterization of Natural Fibre Blends......Page 34
 2.5 Characterization of Natural Fibre with Synthetic Fibre Blends......Page 35
 2.6 Conclusion......Page 36
 References......Page 37
 3.3 Experiments Based on Outputs......Page 42
 3.4 Conceptual Design......Page 44
 3.5 Design of Samples......Page 46
 3.6 Conclusion......Page 47
 References......Page 48
 4.1 Introduction......Page 50
 4.2 Modelling and Simulation of Composite Structures......Page 51
 4.3 Basics of Finite Element Analysis......Page 52
  4.4.1 Effect on Thermal Conductivity......Page 54
  4.4.2 Effect on Thermal Resistance (R)......Page 56
  4.4.3 Effect on Thermal Transmittance (U)......Page 57
  4.4.4 Effect on Thermal Diffusivity (α)......Page 60
 References......Page 62
 5.1 Introduction......Page 64
  5.2.1 Spray Method......Page 65
  5.2.3 Filament Winding......Page 66
  5.2.4 Pultrusion......Page 67
  5.2.6 Vacuum Bagging and Vacuum Infusion......Page 68
 5.4 Needle Punching Technology......Page 69
  5.4.2 Structure II (Blended Structure)......Page 70
  5.4.4 Structure IV (Multiple Layer Nonwovens)......Page 71
 5.5 Material Selection in Design......Page 72
 References......Page 73
 6.1 Introduction......Page 78
 6.2 Life Cycle Assessment System......Page 79
 6.4 Natural Weathering......Page 81
 6.6 Strengthening Composite Performance......Page 86
 References......Page 87
 7.1 Introduction......Page 90
 7.2 Principle of Frequency-Modulated Thermal Wave Imaging......Page 91
  7.3.1 Measurement of Thermal Conductivity and its Related Derivatives......Page 92
  7.3.4 Measurement of Sound Absorption Coefficient......Page 94
  7.3.7 Measurement of Rockwell Hardness Number......Page 95
 7.4 Chemical Testing......Page 96
  7.5.1 In Vitro Testing......Page 98
 7.6 Conclusion......Page 99
 References......Page 100
 8.1 Introduction......Page 102
 8.2 Physical Deformation of Composites......Page 103
  8.2.4 Damping Factor of Composites (tan δ)......Page 104
 8.3 Insulation Behavior of Composites......Page 105
 8.4 Surface Coating of Composites......Page 107
 References......Page 108
 9.1 Introduction......Page 112
 9.2 Aircraft......Page 113
 9.3 Marine......Page 114
 9.4 Automobile......Page 115
 9.5 Building Construction......Page 117
 9.7 Conclusion......Page 119
 References......Page 120
 10.1 Introduction......Page 124
 10.2 Artefacts Mould Making......Page 125
 10.3 Furniture Making......Page 127
 10.4 Machinery Development and Sensors Utilization......Page 128
 References......Page 130
 11.1 Introduction......Page 134
 11.2 Chemical Recycling......Page 135
 11.3 Thermal Recycling of Thermoset and Thermoplastic Composite......Page 136
 11.5 Thermoset and Thermoplastic Separation......Page 137
 11.7 Purification......Page 138
 11.9 Conclusion......Page 139
 References......Page 140
Index......Page 142