Music Therapy: An Art Beyond Words

Book Cover......Page 1
Half-Title......Page 2
Title......Page 3
Dedication......Page 4
Copyright......Page 5
Contents......Page 6
Acknowledgements......Page 9
Introduction......Page 11
THE EMERGENCE OF MUSIC THERAPY IN THE USA AND THE UK......Page 13
WHAT IS MUSIC THERAPY?......Page 16
AREAS OF WORK......Page 18
SOME HISTORICAL REFERENCE POINTS TO MUSIC THERAPY......Page 20
RESEARCH AND MUSIC THERAPY......Page 22
SUMMARY......Page 25
AN INDIVIDUAL SESSION......Page 28
REFLECTIONS ON THE INDIVIDUAL SESSION......Page 31
A GROUP SESSION......Page 33
The story of this group......Page 34
My function during the group......Page 36
FURTHER REFLECTIONS ON THE GROUP SESSION......Page 37
MUSIC THERAPY AND A MEDICAL MODEL......Page 40
MUSIC THERAPY AND PSYCHOANALYTICAL THEORY......Page 45
MUSIC THERAPY AS A ‘SCIENCE OF BEHAVIOUR’......Page 49
MUSIC THERAPY AND HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY......Page 53
CONCLUDING POINTS......Page 55
INTRODUCTION......Page 56
TIMBRE (OR TONE COLOUR)......Page 58
LOUDNESS......Page 61
PITCH......Page 64
DURATION AND TIME......Page 67
RHYTHM......Page 71
MELODY AND INTERVAL......Page 76
HARMONY......Page 80
SOME COMMENTS ON THE ORIGINS AND MEANING OF MUSIC......Page 81
THE PRENATAL MUSICAL EXPERIENCE......Page 86
THE STORY OF ALEX......Page 88
MUSIC IN EARLY CHILDHOOD—PART II......Page 91
Referral and background......Page 94
Music therapy assessment and first sessions......Page 95
Development of the relationship and early work......Page 96
‘The Cat Song’......Page 98
The final period......Page 99
Postscript......Page 100
MUSIC THERAPY AND LINKS WITH PROCESSES IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT......Page 101
Imitation......Page 103
Turn-taking and vocal behaviour......Page 104
Tuning in to the child......Page 105
Looking behaviour......Page 106
Music-making as an aspect of developmental play......Page 107
THE EVIDENCE FOR A DEVELOPMENTAL SEQUENCE: MUSIC IN LATER CHILDHOOD......Page 109
MUSIC THERAPY WITH OLDER CHILDREN......Page 111
Referral and assessment......Page 113
The middle period......Page 114
The final period......Page 115
Referral and assessment......Page 116
The early work......Page 117
Joint sessions......Page 118
CONCLUDING POINTS......Page 119
INTRODUCTION......Page 121
‘Pilot’ questionnaire......Page 123
Progress of the children in music therapy......Page 126
Ranking of the main developmental areas......Page 128
Staff-attitude questionnaire......Page 129
THE ISLINGTON/HARINGEY PROJECT (1980)......Page 133
Evaluation—age 2......Page 134
Evaluation—stage 3......Page 135
THE HACKNEY PROJECT (1981)......Page 137
Evaluation......Page 138
CONCLUDING POINTS......Page 142
THE ADULT MUSICAL PROFILE......Page 145
The influence of musical training......Page 146
THE USE OF IMPROVISATION IN ADULT MUSIC THERAPY......Page 147
Some of the goals of improvisation in music therapy......Page 149
MUSIC THERAPY AND ADULT MENTAL HEALTH......Page 150
Project 1: music therapy in a large institution......Page 152
Evaluation......Page 153
Part I......Page 158
Part II......Page 162
MUSIC THERAPY AND THE ELDERLY MENTALLY ILL......Page 164
MUSIC THERAPY AT THE BRISTOL CANCER HELP CENTRE......Page 165
Questions and method......Page 166
Observations relating to the analysis of the constructs......Page 167
Discussion......Page 168
THE USES OF MUSIC THROUGHOUT THE LIFE-SPAN: THE IMAGE OF THE SPIRAL......Page 171
INTRODUCTION......Page 175
MUSIC THERAPY AND THE ADULT WITH LEARNING DIFFICULTIES......Page 176
A BRIEF SURVEY OF SOME OTHER AREAS OF WORK......Page 179
Music therapy and physiotherapy......Page 180
Music therapy and speech therapy......Page 182
Some criticisms of joint approaches, and some creative solutions in mental health......Page 184
Music therapy and music teaching......Page 185
MUSIC THERAPY AND THE PSYCHOLOGY OF MUSIC......Page 186
SOME THOUGHTS ON THE FUTURE STATUS OF MUSIC THERAPY IN THE COMMUNITY......Page 187
THE SETTING-UP OF MUSICSPACE......Page 188
FURTHER CHALLENGES TO THE CONTEMPORARY MUSIC THERAPIST......Page 189
INTRODUCTION......Page 191
EXPRESSION AND ORDER IN MUSIC THERAPY......Page 192
RESEARCH AS SYNTHESIS OF ART AND SCIENCE—TOWARDS MULTIPLICITY OF FORMS......Page 194
THE PROBLEM OF LANGUAGE......Page 198
A SPACE—TIME APPROACH TO HEALTH......Page 199
ON THE ANCIENT AND THE NEW IN MUSIC THERAPY......Page 200
ORPHEUS—THE RATIONAL SHAMAN......Page 202
Appendix......Page 204
Notes......Page 205
Name index......Page 220
Subject index......Page 223