Monitoring with Lichens — Monitoring Lichens

Front Matter....Pages i-ix
Monitoring with Lichens — Monitoring Lichens....Pages 1-4
Front Matter....Pages 5-5
Monitoring Lichens as Indicators of Pollution....Pages 7-10
Bioindication: Calibrated Scales and Their Utility....Pages 11-20
Bioindication: The I.A.P. Approach....Pages 21-37
Bioindication: The Community Approach....Pages 39-64
Accumulation of Inorganic Contaminants....Pages 65-84
Lichens as Monitors of Radioelements....Pages 85-96
Biomarkers of Pollution-Induced Oxidative Stress and Membrane Damage in Lichens....Pages 97-110
Key Issues in Designing Biomonitoring Programmes....Pages 111-139
Front Matter....Pages 141-141
Monitoring Lichen Diversity and Ecosystem Function....Pages 143-145
Methods for Monitoring Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function....Pages 147-162
Monitoring Lichens for Conservation: Red Lists and Conservation Action Plans....Pages 163-181
Lichen Monitoring and Climate Change....Pages 183-201
Monitoring Biodiversity And Ecosystem Function: Forests....Pages 203-222
Monitoring Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function: Grasslands, Deserts, and Steppe....Pages 223-237
Monitoring Lichens on Monuments....Pages 239-253
Monitoring Maritime Habitats....Pages 255-266
Front Matter....Pages 267-403
Methods for Monitoring Lichens....Pages 269-272
Mapping Lichen Diversity as an Indicator of Environmental Quality....Pages 273-279
Identifying Deviations from Naturality of Lichen Diversity for Bioindication Purposes....Pages 281-284
Front Matter....Pages 267-403
Epiphytes on Wayside Trees as an Indicator of Eutrophication in The Netherlands....Pages 285-289
Using Lichens on Twigs to Assess Changes in Ambient Atmospheric Conditions....Pages 291-294
Guidelines for the Use of Epiphytic Lichens as Biomonitors of Atmospheric Deposition of Trace Elements....Pages 295-299
Transplanted Lichens for Bioaccumulation Studies....Pages 301-304
Sample Preparation of Lichens for Elemental Analysis....Pages 305-309
Sulphur Isotopes in Lichens as Indicators of Sources....Pages 311-315
Estimation of Critical Levels of Air Pollution (Metals) on the Basis of Field Study of Epiphytic Lichen Communities....Pages 317-321
Monitoring Physiological Change in Lichens: Total Chlorophyll Content and Chlorophyll Degradation....Pages 323-326
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Measurements in the Field: Assessment of the Vitality of Large Numbers of Lichen Thalli....Pages 327-332
Measuring Bark pH....Pages 333-336
A Photographic Quadrat Recording Method Employing Image Analysis of Lichens as an Indicator of Environmental Change....Pages 337-341
Site Assessment of Epiphytic Habitats Using Lichen Indices....Pages 343-348
Indicator Species — Restricted Taxa Approach in Coniferous and Hardwood Forests of Northeastern America....Pages 349-352
Monitoring Regional Status and Trends in Forest Health with Lichen Communities: The United States Forest Service Approach....Pages 353-357
Biodiversity Assessment Tools — Lichens....Pages 359-365
Using Lichens and Bryophytes to Evaluate the Effects of Silvicultural Practices in Tasmanian Wet Eucalypt Forest....Pages 367-371
Using Corticolous Lichens of Tropical Forests to Assess Environmental Changes....Pages 373-378
Lichenometry....Pages 379-383
Transplanting Lichen Fragments for Provenance-Clone Tests....Pages 385-390
Assessing Changes in Density and Condition of Lichens for Species Recovery Programmes....Pages 391-393
Front Matter....Pages 267-403
Monitoring Red-Listed Lichens Using Permanent Plots....Pages 395-398
A Method for Detecting Large-Scale Environmental Change with Lichens....Pages 399-403
Back Matter....Pages 405-408