Modern Mechanics and Applications: Select Proceedings of ICOMMA 2020

Contents
A Dual Approach for Modeling Two- and One-Dimensional Solute Transport
	1 Introduction
	2 Establishing a 2DV Solute Transport Equation Based on the Dual Approach
	3 Comments
	4 Results
	5 Comments
	6 Conclusions
	References
Rayleigh Quotient for Longitudinal Vibration of Multiple Cracked bar and Application
	1 Introduction
	2 Rayleigh Quotient for Multiple Cracked Bar
	3 Application for Calculating Natural Frequencies
	4 Numerical Illustration and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Vibroacoutic Behavior of Finite Composite Sandwich Plates with Foam Core
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Study
		2.1 Plate Geometry and Assumptions
		2.2 Flexural Motion of the Plate
		2.3 Boundary Conditions of the Plate-Porous Coupling
		2.4 Determination of Sound Transmission Loss
		2.5 Modelling the Poroelastic Material
	3 Validation
	4 Numerical and Experimental Results
		4.1 Test Setup
		4.2 Sample Description
		4.3 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	Appendix A. Expressions of the Matrix Equation (58)
	References
Crystal Structure and Mechanical Properties of 3D Printing Parts Using Bound Powder Deposition Method
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental
		2.1 Material
		2.2 Fabrication Method
		2.3 Analysis Methods
	3 Result and Discussion
		3.1 Dimension Accuracy
		3.2 Morphology
		3.3 Porosity
		3.4 Tensile Test
		3.5 Hardness Test
	4 Conclusion
	References
Experimentally Investigating the Resonance of the Vibration of Two Masses One Spring System Under Different Friction Conditions
	1 Introduction
	2 Design and Setup the Model of Apparatus
		2.1 Design and Setup Experimental Apparatus
		2.2 Experimental Operation
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Nonlinear Bending Analysis of FG Porous Beams Reinforced with Graphene Platelets Under Various Boundary Conditions by Ritz Method
	1 Introduction
	2 Material Properties
	3 Formulations
	4 Ritz Method
	5 Numerical Results and Discussions
	6 Conclusions
	References
Self-vibrational Analysis of a Tensegrity
	1 Introduction
	2 Self-vibration of Axially Prestressed Elements
	3 Equation of Axial Motion in Vibration
	4 Spectral Element Formulation
		4.1 Governing Equations in the Frequency Domain
		4.2 Spectral Nodal DOFs and Forces
	5 Dynamic Shape Function
		5.1 Weak Form of Governing Equation
	6 Spectral Element Equation
	7 Solving the Spectral Element Equation
	8 Vibration of Triplex Tensegrity
	9 Concluding Remarks
	References
Free Vibration of a Bi-directional Imperfect Functionally Graded Sandwich Beams
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem and Formulation
	3 Numerical Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Free Vibration of Prestress Two-Dimensional Imperfect Functionally Graded Nano Beam Partially Resting on Elastic Foundation
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem and Formulation
		2.1 Grade Functionally Beam
		2.2 Government Equations
		2.3 Nonlocal Continuum Beam
		2.4 Numerical Formulation
	3 Numerical Result
	4 Conclusions
	References
Design and Hysteresis Modeling of a New Damper Featuring Shape Memory Alloy Actuator and Wedge Mechanism
	1 Introduction
	2 Configuration of the SMA Damper
	3 Modeling of the SMA Damper
		3.1 Characterization of the SMA Springs
		3.2 Design of the SMA Damper
	4 Experimental Test
	5 Hysteresis Model of the SMA Damper
	6 Conclusions
	References
A High-Order Time Finite Element Method Applied to Structural Dynamics Problems
	1 Introduction
	2 Variational Formulation for Structural Dynamics
	3 First-Order Time Finite Element
	4 High-Order Time Finite Elements
	5 Numerical Example
	6 Conclusions
	1 The Proof of Equations (24) and (25)
	2 Element ``Stiffness'' Matrix of p-TFE for SDOF System
	3 MATLAB Code for Obtaining ``Stiffness'' Matrix of bp-TFE for SDOF Systems
	References
A Multibody Dynamics Approach to Study an Insect-Wing Structure
	1 Introduction
	2 Multibody Dynamics Approach
		2.1 Hencky-Bar Chain Model
		2.2 Equations of Motion
		2.3 Validation
	3 Beam Model of Hawkmoth Wings
		3.1 FEM Model
		3.2 Mass and Stiffness Distributions of the Multibody System
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Natural Ventilation and Cooling of a House with a Solar Chimney Coupled with an Earth – To – Air Heat Exchanger
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Formulation and Numerical Method
		2.1 The Coupled Solar Chimney and Earth – to – Air Heat Exchanger System
		2.2 Numerical Model
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Changing the Applied Heat Flux in the Solar Chimney
		3.2 Changing the Chimney Gap
		3.3 Changing the EAHE Pipe Length
		3.4 Changing the EAHE Pipe Diameter
	4 Conclusions
	References
Dynamic Analysis of Curved Beam on Elastic Foundation Subjected to Moving Oscillator Using Finite Element Method
	1 Introduction
	2 Finite Element Simulation and Dominant Equations
		2.1 The Beam Element on Elastic Foundation Subjected to Moving Oscillator
		2.2 Governing Differential Equations for Total System
	3 Numerical Analysis
		3.1 Model Validation
		3.2 Calculation Results
	4 Conclusions
	Appendix
	References
Buckling Analysis of FG GPLRC Plate Using a Naturally Stabilized Nodal Integration Meshfree Method
	1 Introduction
	2 Mathematical Formulations
		2.1 Multilayer Functionally Graded Graphene Platelet Reinforced Composites
		2.2 Kinematics of FG GPLRC Plate
		2.3 Moving Kriging Interpolation Shape Functions
		2.4 Nodal Integration Formulations for Plates
		2.5 Naturally Stabilized Nodal Integration
	3 Numerical Results
		3.1 Comparison Results
		3.2 Square Plate with a Heart Hole
	4 Conclusion
	References
Low Temperature Effect on Dynamic Mechanical Behavior of High Damping Rubber Bearings
	1 Introduction
	2 Experiments
		2.1 Specimens and Test Conditions
		2.2 Static Equilibrium Hysteresis
		2.3 Instantaneous State
		2.4 The Temperature Dependence of the Viscosity Property
	3 A Calculation to Determin the Viscosity of HDRB from SR Tests
	4 Conclusion
	References
Effects of Clayey Soil and Hemp Fibers on the Flexural Behavior of Soil Concrete
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Specimens
		2.1 Materials
		2.2 Specimens
	3 Flexural Behavior of Soil Concrete
		3.1 Three-Point Bending Test
		3.2 Load – Displacement Curve
		3.3 Load – Crack Width Curve
	4 Conclusions
	References
Optimal Design of Functionally Graded Sandwich Porous Beams for Maximum Fundamental Frequency Using Metaheuristics
	1 Introduction
	2 Frequency Maximization for FG-SWP Beams
		2.1 Design Problem
		2.2 Analytical Solution for Natural Frequency
	3 Implemented Metaheuristics
		3.1 Parameter Setting
		3.2 Constraint Handling
	4 Numerical Results
		4.1 Comparison Among Meta-heuristics
		4.2 Comparison Among Beam Theories
	5 Conclusion
	References
Nonlinear Buckling Behavior of FG-CNTRC Toroidal Shell Segments Stiffened by FG-CNTRC Stiffeners Under External Pressure
	1 Introduction
	2 Fundamental and Established Formulations
	3 Validation, Numerical Investigations and Discussions
	4 Conclusion
	References
Nonlinear Vibration of Shear Deformable FG-CNTRC Plates and Cylindrical Panels Stiffened by FG-CNTRC Stiffeners
	1 Introduction
	2 Smeared Stiffener Technique and Fundamental Equations
	3 Numerical Investigations
	4 Conclusion
	References
Vibration Characteristics of Functionally Graded Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Composite Plates Submerged in Fluid Medium
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Formulation
		2.1 Geometry and Material Properties
		2.2 Kinematics
		2.3 Constitutive Relations
		2.4 Formulation of Fluid
		2.5 Governing Equations
		2.6 Solution Procedure
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Validation Study
		3.2 Parametric Study
	4 Conclusions
	References
Large Amplitude Free Vibration Analysis of Functionally Graded Sandwich Plates with Porosity
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Formulation
		2.1 FG Sandwich with Porosity Properties and Geometric Configuration
		2.2 Displacement Field and Strains
		2.3 Constitutive Relations
		2.4 Strain Energy of the FG-SPP
		2.5 Kinetic Energy
		2.6 Finite Element Formulation
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Convergence and Validation Study
		3.2 Parametric Study
	4 Conclusions
	References
Dynamic Analysis of a Functionally Greded Sandwich Beam Traversed by a Moving Mass Based on a Refined Third-Order Theory
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Formulations
		2.1 The FGSW Beam Model
		2.2 Mathematical Model
	3 Finite Element for Mulation
	4 Numerical Results
		4.1 Accuracy and Convergence Studies
		4.2 Parametric Study
	5 Conclusions
	References
Thermal Bending Analysis of FGM Cylindrical Shells Using a Quasi-3D Type Higher-Order Shear Deformation Theory
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Formulation
	3 Solution Procedure
	4 Numerical Analysis and Discussion
		4.1 Validation
		4.2 The Effect of the Boundary Condition
		4.3 The Effects of Thickness
	5 Conclusions
	References
Experimental and Finite Element Analysis of High Strength Steel Fiber Concrete – Timber Composite Beams Subjected to Flexion
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Campaign
		2.1 High Strength Steel Fiber Concrete in Compression and Flexion
		2.2 Properties of Oak and Beech Timber
	3 Constitutive Laws
		3.1 Concrete Damaged Plasticity
		3.2 Hill Criterion
	4 Modelling of Timber-Concrete Composite Beam
		4.1 Verification of the Selected Model
		4.2 Modelling of the Timber-Concrete Composite Beam
		4.3 Parametric Study: Influence of the Steel Connection Diameter on Shear Resistance
	5 Conclusions
	References
Free Vibration of Stiffened Functionally Graded Porous Cylindrical Shell Under Various Boundary Conditions
	1 Introduction
	2 FGP Cylindrical Shell
	3 Theory and Formulation
	4 Analytical Solution
	5 Numerical Results and Discussions
		5.1 Comparison Research
		5.2 Numerical Investigations
	6 Conclusion
	Appendix A
	References
Effects of Design Parameters on Dynamic Performance of a Solenoid Applied for Gas Injector
	1 Introduction
	2 Simulation Modeling
		2.1 Mathematical Modeling
		2.2 Solenoid Model in Maxwell
		2.3 Solenoid Model in Simplorer
	3 Simulation Results
		3.1 Effects of Plug and Sleeve Shapes on Electromagnetic Force
		3.2 Dynamic Response Under the Effects of Plug and Sleeve Shapes
	4 Conclusions
	References
Practical Method for Tracking Fatigue Damage
	1 Introduction
	2 Description of the Method
		2.1 Variogram
		2.2 Smooth Orthogonal Decomposition
	3 Numerical Simulation
	4 Experimental Validation
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
An Assessment for Fatigue Strength of Shaft Parts Manufactured from Two Phase Steel
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Basis
		2.1 Fatigue
		2.2 Theoretical Basis of Heat Treatment
	3 Experiment and Results
		3.1 Experimental Equipment
		3.2 Recommended Sample Parts
		3.3 Fabrication of Sample Parts
		3.4 Heat Treatment
		3.5 Fatigue Test Process
	4 Conclusions
	References
Advanced Signal Decomposition Methods for Vibration Diagnosis of Rotating Machines: A Case Study at Variable Speed
	1 Introduction
	2 Advanced Signal Decomposition Methods
	3 Experimental Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Nonlinear Effects of the Material in the Pier Dam Experiment Under Cyclic Loading
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Investigation
		2.1 Material
		2.2 Test Specimens
		2.3 Test Set-Up
	3 Compare the Experimental Results with the Results Obtained from the Numerical Model
		3.1 3D FEM Element Modeling
		3.2 Visco-plastic Regularization on the CDP
		3.3 Isotropic Hardening
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Failure Characteristics
		4.2 Measurement Data
	5 Conclusions
	References
Experimental and Numerical Investigations on the Fracture Response of Tubular T-joints Under Dynamic Mass Impact
	1 Introduction
	2 Fracture Tests
		2.1 Dimensions and Material Properties of the Test Models
		2.2 Experimental Set-Up
		2.3 Test Results
	3 Numerical Analysis of Fracture Tests
		3.1 Finite Element Modelling
		3.2 Material Definition
		3.3 Numerical Results
	4 Disscussions
		4.1 Collision Tests
		4.2 Numerical Simulations
	5 Conclusions
	References
Assessment of Reduced Strength of Existing Mooring Lines of Floating Offshore Platforms Taking into Account Corrosion
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology to Assess the Strength of Mooring Lines of Floating Offshore Structures
		2.1 Line Dynamic Response Analyses
		2.2 Safety Factor
		2.3 Minimum Breaking Loads of Mooring Lines from Catalogues of Manufacturers [4]
	3 Numerical Method for Chain Testing Simulation
		3.1 Plastic Models
		3.2 Small-Sliding Interaction Between Bodies [9]
		3.3 Contact Formulation [9]
		3.4 Contact Pressure in Case of Hard Contact [9]
		3.5 Stress Analysis by FEM
	4 Strength Assessment of Mooring Line System of DH01 FPU
		4.1 Input Data
		4.2 Chain Testing Simulation
		4.3 Numerical Testing Results
		4.4 Comparison to Calculation of MBL According to Vicinay [4]
		4.5 Strength Checking Results
	5 Discussion
	References
An Investigation on Behaviors of Mass Concrete in Cua-Dai Extradosed Bridge Due to Hydration Heat
	1 Introduction
	2 Hydration Heat analysis
		2.1 Heat Transfer Analysis
		2.2 Thermal Stress Analysis
		2.3 Boundary Condition of Heat Transfer in Concrete Block
	3 Behaviors of Tower Footing of Cua-Dai Extradosed Bridge Due to Hydration Heat
		3.1 Modelling of Concrete Block
		3.2 Hydration Temperature in Tower-Footing Concrete
		3.3 Stress in Concrete Block Due to Heat of Hydration
		3.4 Displacement Due to Heat of Hydration
	4 Conclusions
	References
A Nonlocal Dynamic Stiffness Model for Free Vibration of Functionally Graded Nanobeams
	1 Introduction
	2 Nonlocal Dynamic Stiffness Model of a FGM Timoshenko Nanobeam Element
	3 Numerical Results and Discussion
		3.1 Comparison of Calculation Results and Published Results
		3.2 Effects of Neutral Axis Position and Nonlocal Parameter on the Nondimensional Frequency
		3.3 Effect of Boundary Conditions on Nondimensional Frequencies
		3.4 Effect of Nanobeam Length on the Nondimensional Frequencies
	4 Conclusion
	References
Dynamic Performance of Highway Bridges: Low Temperature Effect and Modeling Effect of High Damping Rubber Bearings
	1 Introduction
	2 Input Data for the Analysis
		2.1 Model of the Bridge
		2.2 Model of the HDRB
		2.3 Earthquake Ground Motions and Solution Algorithm for Motion Equations
	3 Output Data of the Analysis
		3.1 Low Temperature Effect
		3.2 Modeling Effect
	4 Conclusion
	References
Nonlinear Vibration Analysis for FGM Cylindrical Shells with Variable Thickness Under Mechanical Load
	1 Introduction
	2 Governing Equations
	3 Solution Method
	4 Numerical Result
		4.1 Validation
		4.2 Natural Vibration Frequencies
		4.3 Nonlinear Response of Variable Thickness FGM Cylindrical Shell
	5 Conclusions
	References
Nonlinear Dynamic Stability of Variable Thickness FGM Cylindrical Shells Subjected to Mechanical Load
	1 Introduction
	2 Governing Equations
	3 Solution Method
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Validation
		4.2 Nonlinear Dynamic Stability of Variable Thickness FGM Shell
	5 Conclusions
	Appendix 1: Stiffness Coefficients Aij ,Bij ,Dij in Eq. (6, 7)
	Appendix 2: The Coefficients Lij (i,j = 1,3 ),Pk (k = 1,5 ) in Eq. (9)
	Appendix 3: The Coefficients Iij (i,j = 1,3 ),Rk (k = 1,6 ) in Eq. (11)
	References
Vibration and Dynamic Impact Factor Analysis of the Steel Truss Bridges Subjected to Moving Vehicles
	1 Introduction
	2 Computational Models and Assumptions
		2.1 Computational Models and Assumptions
		2.2 The Differential Equation of Motion
		2.3 Analysis Vibration of the Steel Truss Bridge
	3 Conclusion
	References
An Experimental Study on the Self-propelled Locomotion System with Anisotropic Friction
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Setup with Varied Anisotropic Friction
		2.1 Working Principle of the System
		2.2 Experimental Implementation
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Investigation of Maneuvering Characteristics of High-Speed Catamaran Using CFD Simulation
	1 Introduction
	2 Governing Equations and Turbulence Modeling
	3 Case Study and Coordinate System
	4 Virtual Captive Model Test
		4.1 Static Drift Test
		4.2 Harmonic Test
	5 Numerical Modeling
	6 Results and Discustions
		6.1 Validation
		6.2 Hydrodynamic Forces
	7 Conclusions
	References
Optimum Tuning of Tuned Mass Dampers for Acceleration Control of Damped Structures
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Dynamic Magnification Factor for Steady State Acceleration
		2.2 Optimization Process for TMD Parameters
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 New Optimum TMD Parameters
		3.2 Empirical Expressions for New TMD Parameters
		3.3 Evaluating the Efficiency of the Proposed Tuning Solutions
	4 Conclusions
	References
Optimal Electrical Load of the Regenerative Absorber for Ride Comfort and  Regenerated Power
	1 Introduction
	2 Mathematical Modelling
	3 Optimal Solution of Electrical Damping Ratio Under Harmonic Excitation
	4 Numerical Investigation for Harmonic Excitation
	5 Optimal Solution of Electrical Damping Ratio Under White Noise Excitation
	6 Conclusion
	References
Aerodynamic Responses of Indented Cable Surface and Axially Protuberated Cable Surface with Low Damping Ratio
	1 Introduction
	2 Wind Tunnel Test Investigation
		2.1 Experimental Setup
		2.2 Wind Attack Angles
		2.3 Experimental Model Fabrication
		2.4 Experiment Parameters
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Wind-Induced Vibration of Indented Cable Surface in Low Damping Region
		3.2 Wind-Induced Vibration of Axially Protuberated Cable in Low Damping Region
		3.3 Axial Flow Near the Wake of Cable
	4 Conclusions
	References
The Equation Connecting Boyle’s and Bernoulli’s Laws
	1 Introduction
	2 Connecting Equation
		2.1 The Volume Flow Rate of Air Passing Through an Orifice Between Two Compartments
		2.2 The Internal Pressure Change of the System Due to Changing External Pressure
		2.3 The System with N Compartments
	3 Illustrative Example
	4 Discussion and Conclusions
	References
Effects of the Computational Domain Sizes on the Simulated Air Flow in Solar Chimneys
	1 Introduction
	2 Numerical Model
		2.1 Assumptions for the Flow and Heat Transfer
		2.2 Governing Equations
		2.3 Computational Domain and Boundary Conditions
		2.4 Computational Mesh and Numerical Setup
		2.5 Model Validation
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Flow and Temperature Fields
		3.2 Length of the Reverse Flow
		3.3 Induced Flow Rate
		3.4 Thermal Efficiency
	4 Summaries
	References
A Solar Chimney for Natural Ventilation of a Three – Story Building
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Formulation and Numerical Method
		2.1 The Solar Chimney
		2.2 Assumptions and Governing Equations
		2.3 Validation of the Numerical Model
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Base Configuration (Base Case)
		3.2 Testing Configurations (Case 2 to 4)
		3.3 Selected Configuration (Case 5)
		3.4 Changing Inlet Size for Similar Flow Rates at All Inlets (Case 6)
	4 Conclusions
	References
Solar Chimneys for Natural Ventilation of Buildings: Induced Air Flow Rate Per Chimney Volume
	1 Introduction
	2 Numerical Method
		2.1 Studied Solar Chimney
		2.2 Numerical Model
		2.3 Validation of the Numerical Model
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Induced Flow Rate Versus Channel Width and Gap
		3.2 Induced Flow Rate Versus Channel Volume
		3.3 Thermal Efficiency
		3.4 Proposed Chimney Configurations for Maximizing Induced Flow Rate
	4 Conclusions
	References
Enhancing Ventilation Performance of a Solar Chimney with a Stepped Absorber Surface
	1 Introduction
	2 Description of the Problem and Numerical Modelling
		2.1 Numerical Model
		2.2 Model Validation
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Effects of the Step on the Flow Field and Heat Transfer
		3.2 Effects of the Step Length and Height
	4 Conclusions
	References
The Effect of Ground Surface Geometry on the Wing Lift Coefficient
	1 Introduction
	2 Panel Method and Calculation Model
		2.1 Panel Method
		2.2 Model Calculation
		2.3 Validations
	3 Numerical Results
		3.1 The Influence of the Ground Surface Geometry Shape
		3.2 The Influence of Wind
	4 Conclusions
	References
Design a Small, Low-Speed, Closed-Loop Wind Tunnel: CFD Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Wind Tunnel Design
	3 Numerical Method
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Size-Dependent Meshfree Approach for Free Vibration Analysis of Functionally Graded Microplates Using the Modified Strain Gradient Elasticity Theory
	1 Introduction
	2 Basic Equations
		2.1 Problem Description
		2.2 Modified Strain Gradient Elasticity Theory
		2.3 Kinematics of FG Microplate
	3 FG Microplate Formulation Based on Moving Kriging Interpolation Shape Functions
		3.1 Moving Kriging Interpolation Shape Functions
		3.2 A MKI-Based Formulation Based on the sFSDT and Modified Strain Gradient Theory
	4 Numerical Examples and Discussions
		4.1 FG Square Microplate
		4.2 FG Circular Microplate
	5 Conclusions
	References
Static Behavior of Functionally Graded Sandwich Beam with Fluid-Infiltrated Porous Core
	1 Introduction
	2 Theory and Formulations
		2.1 Sandwich Beam and Material Modelling
		2.2 Displacement and Strain Fields
		2.3 Constitutive Equation
		2.4 Energy Expressions
		2.5 Hamilton’s Principle and Governing Equations
		2.6 Analytical Solutions
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Validation
		3.2 Comprehensive Study
	4 Summary and Conclusions
	References
Failure Analysis of Pressurized Hollow Cylinder Made of Cohesive-Frictional Granular Materials
	1 Introduction
	2 Second Gradient Model Formulation
		2.1 Variational Principle
		2.2 Equations with Lagrange Multipliers
		2.3 Finite Element: First and Second Quadratic Elements
		2.4 Constitutive Relations
	3 Failure Analysis of Pressurized Hollow Cylinder
		3.1 Pressurized Hollow Cylinder Problem
		3.2 Failure Analysis
	4 Conclusion
	References
Studying the Strength of an Acidic Soil-Cement Mixing in Laboratory
	1 Introduction
	2 Method
		2.1 Literature Review on the Effects of pH on the Soil Strength
		2.2 Model and Factors for a Soil-Cement Samples in the Model
		2.3 Strategy for Virtual Experiment
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Effects of Test Specimens on the Shear Behavior of Mortar Joints in Hollow Concrete Block Masonry
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Program
		2.1 Materials
		2.2 Shear Pull-Out Test of Masonry
	3 Conclusions and Perspectives
	References
Nonlinear Buckling and Postbuckling of ES-FG Porous Cylindrical Shells Under External Pressure
	1 Introduction
	2 ES-FG Porous Cylindrical Shells
	3 Fundamental Equations and Solution of the Problem
	4 Numerical Results
		4.1 Comparisons
		4.2 Effect of Porosity Coefficients e0 and Foundation
		4.3 Effect of Geometric Parameters (Effects of hcore/h,R/h, L/R Ratios)
		4.4 Effects of Stiffeners and Volume Fraction Index
	5 Conclusions
	Appendix
	References
Bulk Modulus Prediction of Particulate Composite with Spherical Inclusion Surrounded by a Graded Interphase
	1 Introduction
	2 Model of Multi-coated Sphere Assemblage and Limiting Case
	3 Differential Substitution Scheme and the Coating with Radially Variable Moduli
	4 Numerical Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Post-buckling Response of Functionally Graded Porous Plates Rested on Elastic Substrate via First-Order Shear Deformation Theory
	1 Introduction
	2 Functionally Graded Porous Plates
	3 Theoretical Formulation
	4 Buckling and Postbuckling Analysis
	5 Numerical Results and Discussion
		5.1 Validation Examples
		5.2 Parametric Study
	6 Conclusions
	References
Elastic Buckling Behavior of FG Polymer Composite Plates Reinforced with Graphene Platelets Using the PB2-Ritz Method
	1 Introduction
	2 Laminated FG-GPLRC Plates
	3 Theoretical Formulation
	4 Pb2-Ritz Method Based on the FSDT
	5 Numerical Results and Discussions
		5.1 Convergence Study
		5.2 Validation Studies
		5.3 Effect of Number of Laminae NL
		5.4 Effect of GPL Distribution Type and GPL Weight Fraction
		5.5 Effect of Boundary Conditions
		5.6 Effect of Plate Length-To-Thickness Ratio
		5.7 Effect of Plate Aspect Ratio (b/a)
	6 Conclusions
	References
Design and Fabrication of Mecanum Wheel for Forklift Vehicle
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Muti Object Prediction and Optimization Process Parameters in Cooling Slope Using Taguchi-Grey Relational Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Procedure
		2.1 Materials
		2.2 Cooling Slope Casting Process
		2.3 Analysis of Samples
		2.4 Taguchi’s Experimental Design
	3 Grey Relational Analysis
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Microstructural Investigations
		4.2 Analysis of Variance for Grey Relational Grade
		4.3 Predicting Optimal Value and Confirmation Experiments
	5 Conclusions
	References
The Effect of Porosity on the Elastic Modulus and Strength of Pervious Concrete
	1 Introduction
	2 The Strain and Stress Fields
	3 Calculation of the Elastic Modulus of Porous Concrete
	4 Calculation of the Compressive Strength of Porous Concrete
	5 Conclusions
	References
Predicting Capacity of Defected Pipe Under Bending Moment with Data-Driven Model
	1 Introduction
	2 Finite Element Model
	3 Developing a Data-Driven Model with Random Forest Regression
	4 FEA Database and the Developed Model
	5 Conclusion
	References
Image Recognition Using Unsupervised Learning Based Automatic Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm
	1 Introduction
	2 Some Distance Measurements for Discrete Data
		2.1 Measure Distance Between Points
		2.2 Clustering Evaluation Criteria
	3 The Proposed Technique
		3.1 Methods to Extract Image Data
		3.2 The Proposed Algorithm
	4 Applying in Image Recognition
	5 Conclusion
	References
The Effect of the Non-uniform Temperature and Length to Height Ratio on Elastic Critical Buckling of Steel H-Beam
	1 Introduction
	2 Finite Element Model
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
On the Thin-Walled Theory’s Application to Calculate the Semi-enclosed Core Structure of High-Rise Buildings
	1 Introduction
	2 Working Characteristics and Deformation of the Semi-enclosed Core Structure Subjected to Torsion
	3 Investigation of the Behavior of the Semi-enclosed Core Wall Structure Subjected to Horizontal Load
	4 Conclusion
	References
Numerical Simulation of Full-Scale Square Concrete Filled Steel Tubular (CFST) Columns Under Seismic Loading
	1 Introduction
	2 FEA Modeling Program
		2.1 Modeling Procedure
		2.2 Numerical Validation
		2.3 Parametric Studies
	3 Numerical Results and Discussions
		3.1 Numerical Results
		3.2 Effect of Axial Load Level
		3.3 Effect of B/t Value
		3.4 Effect of Concrete Strength
	4 Conclusions
	References
Numerical Modeling of Shear Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams with Stirrups Corrosion: Finite Element Validation and Parametric Study
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials Law for Modeling Corroded RC Beams
		2.1 Concrete Material Law
		2.2 Steel Reinforcement Law
		2.3 Constitutive Law of the Steel - Concrete Bond
	3 Validation of FE Models for Shear-Critical Corroded RC Beams
		3.1 Presentation of the Tested Beam
		3.2 Modeling of the RC Corroded Beam with Stirrups Corrosion in Shear Span
		3.3 Validation of FE Model
	4 Parametric Study
		4.1 Effect of Concrete Compressive Strength
		4.2 Effect of Stirrup Ratio
		4.3 Effect of Bond Strength
	5 Conclusions
	References
Characterization of Stress Relaxation Behavior of Poscable-86 High-Strength Steel Wire
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Experimental Procedure
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Seismic Performance of Concrete Filled Steel Tubular (CFST) Columns with Variously Axial Compressive Loads
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Program
		2.1 Specimen Design
		2.2 Material Properties
		2.3 Test Procedure
	3 Test Results and Discussions
		3.1 Test Results and Observations
		3.2 Lateral Load vs. Lateral Displacement Curves
		3.3 Lateral Strength and Deformation Capacity
		3.4 Lateral Stiffness Degradation
	4 Conclusions
	References
Damage Simulation Based on the Phase Field Method of Porous Concrete Material at Mesoscale
	1 Introduction
	2 Finite Element Discretization from the Phase-Field Problem Framework
	3 Arrangement of Aggregate Particle Based on Monte-Carlo Simulation
	4 Calculation of the Compression Strength of Porous Concrete
	5 Conclusions
	Referencess
Constitutive Response and Failure Mechanism of Porous Cement-Based Materials Under Triaxial Stress States
	1 Introduction
	2 Porous Cement-Based Materials Under Triaxial Tests
		2.1 DEM Simulation of Triaxial Tests
		2.2 The Influence of Confining Stress
		2.3 Influence of Intermediate Principal Stress on Octahedral Plane
	3 Conclusion
	References
Development of Automatic Landing Control Algorithm for Fixed-Wing UAVs in Longitudinal Channel in Windy Conditions
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Effects of Turbulence on UAV’s Motion in the Longitudinal Channel
	2 Development of Automatic Landing Control Algorithm for Fixed Wing UAVs in Longitudinal Channel in Windy Conditions
	3 Simulation Results and Conclusion
	References
An Assessment of Terrain Quality and Selection Model in Developing Landslide Susceptibility Map – A Case Study in Mountainous Areas of Quang Ngai Province, Vietnam
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Study Area
		2.2 Data Collection
		2.3 DEM Analysis
		2.4 Landside Susceptibility Model
		2.5 Accuracy Assessment
	3 Result and Discussion
		3.1 DEM Selection
		3.2 Landslide Susceptibility Mapping
		3.3 Landslide Susceptibility Assessment
	4 Conclusion
	References
Analysis of the Impact of Ponds Locations in Flood Cutting from a Developing City in Vietnam
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology and Materials
		2.1 Study Area
		2.2 Scenarios
		2.3 Methodology
	3 Result and Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Turning Electronic and Optical Properties of Monolayer Janus Sn-Dichalcogenides By Biaxial Strain
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	References
A Meshfree Method Based on Integrated Radial Basis Functions for 2D Hyperelastic Bodies
	1 Introduction
	2 Constitutive Equations of Hyperelastic Material
	3 IRBF-Based Meshfree Method for Hyperelasticity
		3.1 Integrated Radial Basis Function Approximation
		3.2 The Weak Form and Meshfree Method
	4 Numerical Examples
		4.1 Inhomogeneous Compression Problem
		4.2 Curved Beam Problem
	5 Conclusion
	References
Structural Damage Identification of Plates Using Two-Stage Approach Combining Modal Strain Energy Method and Genetic Algorithm
	1 Introduction
	2 Modal Strain Energy and Genetic Algorithm-Based Damage Identification Approach
		2.1 Finite Element Method for Free Vibration Analysis of Plate Structures
		2.2 Modal Strain Energy Method
		2.3 Genetic Algorithm
		2.4 Flow Chart
	3 Numerical Verification
		3.1 Properties of Plate
		3.2 Modal Analysis
		3.3 Identification of the Damage’s Location
		3.4 Identification of the Damage’s Extent
	4 Conclusions
	References
Auxetic Structure Design: A Multi-material Topology Optimization with Energy-Based Homogenization Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Homogenization with Periodic Boundary Conditions
	3 Alternating Active Phase Algorithm (AAPA) of Topology Optimization
	4 Optimization Model
	5 Numerical Examples
		5.1 Single-material Auxetic Patterns
		5.2 Multi-material Auxetic Patterns
		5.3 Benchmark Verification
	6 Conclusions
	References
Fuzzy Structural Identification of Bar-Type Structures Using Differential Evolution
	1 Introduction
	2 Fuzzy Fe Model Updating
		2.1 FE Model Updating Procedure
		2.2 Fuzzy Concept of Uncertainty
		2.3 Updating Fuzzy Model Parameters
	3 Differential Evolution with Nearest Neighbor Comparison
		3.1 Basic of Differential Evolution
		3.2 Nearest Neighbor Comparison Method
	4 Numerical Examples
		4.1 2D Truss
		4.2 2D Frame
	5 Conclusion
	References
Application of Artificial Intelligence for Structural Optimization
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Description
	3 Building the Deep Neural Network Classification Model
	4 Structural Optimization Using Differential Evolution
	5 Conclusions
	References
A Sliding Mode Controller for Force Control of Magnetorheological Haptic Joysticks
	1 Introduction
	2 The Proposed 3D Haptic Joystick
	3 Controller Design for the 3D Haptic Joystick
		3.1 Analysis of the 3D Haptic System
		3.2 Close Loop Control of the Feedback Force
		3.3 Design of PID Controller for the Feedback Force
		3.4 Design of SMC Controller for the Feedback Force
	4 Results and Discussions
	5 Conclusions
	References
Experimental and Numerical Investigations on Flexural Behavior of Retrofitted Reinforced Concrete Beams with Geopolymer Concrete Composites
	1 Introduction
	2 Research Significance
	3 Experimental Work
	4 Finite Element Modeling
	5 Comparison Experimental and Analytical Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
A Study of Fluid-Structure Interaction of Unsteady Flow in the Blood Vessel Using Finite Element Method
	1 Introduction
	2 Governing Equations and the Finite Element Method
		2.1 Governing Equations
		2.2 Finite Element Formulation for FSI Coupling
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Validation
		3.2 Blood Flow in a Carotid Bifurcation
		3.3 Blood Flow Through the Aortic Valve
	4 Conclusion
	References
Stable Working Condition and Critical Driving Voltage of the Electrothermal V-Shaped Actuator
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Model of EVA
		2.1 Configuration of EVA
		2.2 Heat Transfer Model
		2.3 Thermal Expansion Force
	3 Critical Voltages of Mechanical and Thermal Stability
		3.1 Critical Voltage for Beam-Buckling Condition
		3.2 Critical Voltage for Thermal Stability Condition
	4 Safe Working Condition of the V-Shaped Actuator
	5 Conclusion
	References
Electromechanical Properties of Monolayer Sn-Dichalcogenides
	1 Introduction
	2 Computational Methods
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions
	References
Author Index