Modern C for Absolute Beginners: A Friendly Introduction to the C Programming Language

Table of Contents
About the Author
About the Technical Reviewer
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Part I: The C Programming Language
	Chapter 1: Introduction
		1.1 What Is C?
		1.2 What Is C Used For?
		1.3 C Compilers
			1.3.1 Installing Compilers
				1.3.1.1 On Linux
				1.3.1.2 On Windows
		1.4 C Standards
	Chapter 2: Our First Program
		2.1 Function main()
		2.2 Comments
		2.3 Hello World
	Chapter 3: Types and Declarations
		3.1 Declarations
		3.2 Introduction
		3.3 Character Type
		3.4 Integer Type
		3.5 Floating-Point Types
			3.5.1 float
			3.5.2 double
			3.5.3 long double
	Chapter 4: Exercises
		4.1 Hello World with Comments
			4.1.1 Declaration
			4.1.2 Definition
			4.1.3 Outputting Values
	Chapter 5: Operators
		5.1 Introduction
		5.2 Arithmetic Operators
		5.3 Assignment Operator
		5.4 Compound Assignment Operators
		5.5 Relational Operators
		5.6 Equality Operators
		5.7 Logical Operators
		5.8 Increment and Decrement Operators
		5.9 Operator Precedence
	Chapter 6: Expressions
		6.1 Initialization
		6.2 Type Conversion
	Chapter 7: Statements
		7.1 Introduction
		7.2 Selection Statements
			7.2.1 if
			7.2.2 if-else
			7.2.3 switch
		7.3 Iteration Statements
			7.3.1 while
			7.3.2 do-while
			7.3.3 for
	Chapter 8: Exercises
		8.1 Arithmetic Operations
		8.2 Integral Division
		8.3 Floating-Point Division and Casting
		8.4 Equality Operator
		8.5 Relational and Logical Operators
		8.6 The switch Statement
		8.7 Iteration Statements
	Chapter 9: Arrays
		9.1 Declaration
		9.2 Subscript Operator
		9.3 Array Initialization
		9.4 Character Arrays
		9.5 Multidimensional Arrays
		9.6 Array Size and Count
	Chapter 10: Pointers
		10.1 Introduction
		10.2 Declaration and Initialization
		10.3 Pointers and Arrays
		10.4 Pointer Arithmetics
		10.5 Void Pointers
		10.6 Pointer to Character Arrays
		10.7 Arrays of Pointers
	Chapter 11: Command-Line Arguments
	Chapter 12: Exercises
		12.1 Character Array
		12.2 Array Elements
		12.3 Pointer to an Existing Object
		12.4 Pointers and Arrays
		12.5 Pointer to a Character Array
		12.6 Pointer Arithmetics
		12.7 Array of Pointers
	Chapter 13: Functions
		13.1 Introduction
		13.2 Function Declaration
		13.3 Function Definition
		13.4 Parameters and Arguments
			13.4.1 Passing Arguments
				Passing by Value
				Passing by Pointer/Address
		13.5 Return Statement
	Chapter 14: Exercises
		14.1 A Simple Function
		14.2 Function Declaration and Definition
		14.3 Passing Arguments by Value
		14.4 Passing Arguments by Pointer/Address
		14.5 Function – Multiple Parameters
	Chapter 15: Structures
		15.1 Introduction
		15.2 Initialization
		15.3 Member Access Operator
		15.4 Copying Structures
		15.5 Pointers to Structures
		15.6 Self-Referencing Structures
		15.7 Structures as Function Arguments
	Chapter 16: Unions
	Chapter 17: Conditional Expression
	Chapter 18: Typedef
	Chapter 19: Const Qualifier
	Chapter 20: Enumerations
	Chapter 21: Function Pointers
	Chapter 22: Exercises
		22.1 Structure Definition
		22.2 Structure Typedef Alias
		22.3 Structure Initialization
		22.4 Pointers to Structures
		22.5 Unions
		22.6 Constants and Pointers
		22.7 Constant Function Parameters
		22.8 Enums
		22.9 Pointers to Functions
	Chapter 23: Preprocessor
		23.1 #include
		23.2 #define
		23.3 #undef
		23.4 Conditional Compilation
			23.4.1 #if
			23.4.2 #ifdef
			23.4.3 #ifndef
		23.5 Built-In Macros
		23.6 Function-Like Macros
	Chapter 24: Exercises
		24.1 Define and Undefine a Macro
		24.2 Conditional Compilation
		24.3 Built-In Macros
		24.4 Function Macros
	Chapter 25: Dynamic Memory Allocation
		25.1 malloc
		25.2 calloc
		25.3 realloc
	Chapter 26: Storage and Scope
		26.1 Scope
			26.1.1 Local Scope
			26.1.2 Global Scope
		26.2 Storage
			26.2.1 Automatic Storage Duration
			26.2.2 Static Storage Duration
			26.2.3 Allocated Storage Duration
	Chapter 27: Exercises
		27.1 Dynamic Memory Allocation
		27.2 Dynamic Memory Allocation: Arrays
		27.3 Dynamic Memory Resizing
		27.4 Automatic and Allocated Storage
	Chapter 28: Standard Input and Output
		28.1 Standard Input
			28.1.1 scanf
			28.1.2 sscanf
			28.1.3 fgets
		28.2 Standard Output
			28.2.1 printf
			28.2.2 puts
			28.2.3 fputs
			28.2.4 putchar
	Chapter 29: File Input and Output
		29.1 File Input
		29.2 File Output
	Chapter 30: Exercises
		30.1 Standard Input
		30.2 Standard Output
	Chapter 31: Header and Source Files
Part II: The C Standard Library
	Chapter 32: Introduction to C Standard Library
		32.1 String Manipulation
			32.1.1 strlen
			32.1.2 strcmp
			32.1.3 strcat
			32.1.4 strcpy
			32.1.5 strstr
		32.2 Memory Manipulation Functions
			32.2.1 memset
			32.2.2 memcpy
			32.2.3 memcmp
			32.2.4 memchr
		32.3 Mathematical Functions
			32.3.1 abs
			32.3.2 fabs
			32.3.3 pow
			32.3.4 round
			32.3.5 sqrt
		32.4 String Conversion Functions
			32.4.1 strtol
			32.4.2 snprintf
Part III: Modern C Standards
	Chapter 33: Introduction to C11 Standard
		33.1 _Static_assert
		33.2 The _Noreturn Function Specifier
		33.3 Type Generic Macros Using _Generic
		33.4 The _Alignof Operator
		33.5 The _Alignas Specifier
		33.6 Anonymous Structures and Unions
		33.7 Aligned Memory Allocation: aligned_alloc
		33.8 Unicode Support for UTF-16 and UTF-32
		33.9 Bounds Checking and Threads Overview
			33.9.1 Bounds-Checking Functions
			33.9.2 Threads Support
	Chapter 34: The C17 Standard
	Chapter 35: The Upcoming C23 Standard
		35.1 constexpr
		35.2 Binary Integer Constants
		35.3 true and false
		35.4 nullptr
		35.5 Empty initializer ={}
		35.6 #embed
		35.7 Attributes
		35.8 No Parameters Function Declaration
		35.9 The strdup Function
		35.10 The memccpy Function
Part IV: Dos and Don’ts
	Chapter 36: Do Not Use the gets Function
	Chapter 37: Initialize Variables Before Using Them
	Chapter 38: Do Not Read Out of Bounds
	Chapter 39: Do Not Free the Allocated Memory Twice
	Chapter 40: Do Not Cast the Result of malloc
	Chapter 41: Do Not Overflow a Signed Integer
	Chapter 42: Cast a Pointer to void* When Printing Through printf
	Chapter 43: Do Not Divide by Zero
	Chapter 44: Where to Use Pointers?
		44.1 Pointers to Existing Objects
		44.2 Pointers to Arrays
		44.3 Pointers to String Constants
		44.4 Pointers to Dynamically Allocated Memory
		44.5 Pointers as Function Arguments
	Chapter 45: Prefer Functions to Function-Like Macros
	Chapter 46: static Global Names
	Chapter 47: What to Put in Header Files?
		47.1 Shared Macros
		47.2 Function Declarations
		47.3 Shared extern Variables and Constants
		47.4 Other Header Files
Part V: Appendices
Appendix A: Linkage
Appendix B: Time and Date
Appendix C: Bitwise Operators
	C.1 The Bitwise NOT Operator ~
	C.2 Bitwise Shift Operators << and >>
	C.3 The Bitwise AND Operator &
Appendix D: Numeric Limits
	D.1 Integer Types Limits
	D.2 Floating-Point Types Limits
Appendix E: Summary and Advice
	E.1 What to Learn Next?
	E.2 Online References
	E.3 Other C Books
	E.4 Advice
Index