Milk Consumption and Health (Food and Beverage Consumption and Health)

MILK CONSUMPTION AND HEALTH......Page 3
Contents......Page 7
Preface......Page 9
Abstract......Page 15
1. Introduction......Page 16
2.1. Nomenclature, Chemical Structures and Properties......Page 17
2.4. Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases......Page 23
2.4.1.3. Reducing Cholesterol Absorption via Competition with Cholesterol Transporters......Page 24
2.5. Hypocholesterolemic Comparison between Plant Sterolsand Stanols......Page 25
2.6. Phytosterols Safety Use......Page 26
3. Milk and other Dairy Products Enrichedwith Phytosterols......Page 28
3.1. Legislation......Page 29
3.2.1. Authorized Foods......Page 30
3.2.2. Market Characterization......Page 31
3.3. Labelling......Page 32
3.4. Intake Recommendations......Page 33
3.5. Technological Aspects......Page 35
3.5.1.2. Free Phytosterols Formulations......Page 36
3.6. Phytosterols Alimentary Matrices......Page 37
3.7. Phytosterols Analytical Methodologies......Page 39
3.7.1.2. Saponification......Page 40
3.7.2.1. Gas Chromatography Analysis......Page 41
4. Conclusion......Page 42
References......Page 43
Abstract......Page 57
Introduction......Page 58
Production of Kefir......Page 59
Chemical Composition of Kefir......Page 60
Microbiological Characteristics......Page 62
Vitamin Content......Page 63
Sugar Contents......Page 64
Anticarcinogenic Effect......Page 65
Antibacterial Spectrum......Page 66
Effect on Immune System......Page 67
Anti-inflammatory......Page 69
Hypocholesterolemic Effect......Page 70
Gastrointestinal Proliferation......Page 71
Antiallergic Properties......Page 72
Protection against Apoptosis......Page 73
Refrences......Page 74
Abstract......Page 85
Introduction......Page 86
Plate Heat Exchanger Set-up......Page 87
AMC148-18 Coatings......Page 89
Statistical Analysis......Page 90
Visual Inspection of Fouled Plated Surface......Page 91
Amount of Foulants Deposited......Page 93
Chemical Analysis of the Foulants......Page 95
Thermal Energy Savings during Skim Milk Pasteurization......Page 96
Referentes......Page 97
Abstract......Page 101
Introduction......Page 102
Milk Fat Stearin......Page 105
Equilibrium Solid Fat Content......Page 106
Thermal Behavior of HMF and the Blends......Page 108
Polymorphism of HMF and its Blends with SFO......Page 109
Rheological Properties of HMFand its Blends with SFO......Page 110
Crystallization of a Fat......Page 111
Induction Times of Crystallization......Page 113
Actual Solid Fat Content......Page 114
Microstructure......Page 116
Effects of Emulsifiers......Page 118
Effect of Emulsifiers on Polymorphism......Page 120
Effect of Emulsifiers on Microstructure......Page 123
Effect of Emulsifiers on Rheology......Page 124
References......Page 125
Abstract......Page 129
Traditional Ideas Revised......Page 130
Probiotics for Infants......Page 131
Isolation and Characterization of Probiotic Bacteria from Human Breast Milk......Page 132
References......Page 135
Abstract......Page 139
1. Introduction......Page 140
2. Microbiota Acquisition and Succession in the Newborn Intestine......Page 141
3.1. Influence of the Intestinal Microbiota in Host Physiology and Metabolism......Page 145
3.2. Influence of the Intestinal Microbiota in Host Immunity......Page 146
4. Influence of the Mother’s Diet and Environmental Exposures in Fetal Programming and Infant’s Health......Page 148
5. Probiotic and Prebiotic Concepts and Applications......Page 149
6. Influence of Maternal and Offspring Probiotic Intake in Animals......Page 150
7.1. Influence of Maternal Probiotic Intake in the Intestinal Microbiota of the Infants......Page 152
7.2. Influence of Maternal and Infant Probiotic Intake in Child Health......Page 155
References......Page 158
Introduction......Page 167
Biological Activities of Epilactose......Page 168
2. Calcium Absorption in Small Intestine......Page 169
4. Organic acid Generation and Mineral Absorption......Page 170
6. Levels of Primary and Secondary Bile Acids......Page 171
References......Page 172
Abstract......Page 177
Introduction......Page 178
Results......Page 179
Strategies for Delivery of Lf-Active Ingredient and to Increase Lf-Consumption in Foods......Page 184
Concluding Remarks......Page 185
References......Page 186
Abstract......Page 189
CLA Isomers......Page 190
Ruminal Biohydrogenation......Page 192
Endogenous Synthesis......Page 193
CLA Content in Milk and Meat Products......Page 194
Plant Oils and Seeds......Page 196
Marine Oils and Feeds......Page 197
Cow Breed, Age, and Individual Variation......Page 198
Plant Oils and Seeds......Page 199
Processing Effects on CLA Contentof Milk and Meat......Page 200
Cancer Inhibition......Page 201
CLA and Body Energy Expenditure......Page 204
Body Composition......Page 205
CLA and Diabetes......Page 206
CLA and Bone Formation......Page 207
CLA Intake of Humans from Milk and Meat......Page 208
References......Page 210
Abstract......Page 229
1.1. Epidemiologic Data......Page 230
1.2.1. In Term Infants......Page 231
1.2.2. In Preterm and/or very Low Birth Weight (VLBW) Infants......Page 234
1.3. On the Maturation of the Intestinal Immune System......Page 235
1.4. Limits to Human Milk Bifidogenic Effect?......Page 236
2.1. Prevention and/or Treatment of Gastrointestinal Disorders......Page 237
2.1.3. Other Gastrointestinal Disorders......Page 238
2.2. Immunomodulation and Prevention of Allergic Conditions (Food Allergy, Atopic Dermatitis, Celiac Disease)......Page 239
3.1.1. Pre-Term Infants......Page 240
3.2. On the Maturation of the Intestinal Immune System and Prevention of Allergic Diseases......Page 241
3.3. Safety Considerations and Conclusions......Page 242
4.1.1. Pre-Term Infants......Page 243
4.1.2. Term Infants......Page 244
4.2. On the Maturation of the Intestinal Immune System and Prevention of Allergic Diseases......Page 245
4.3. Safety Considerations and Conclusions......Page 246
5.1. Rationale for the Use of such Products (Mouse Models and In Vitro Assays)......Page 247
5.2. Effect of B. Breve C50 Milk Fermentation Products on Acute Diarrhea......Page 248
5.3. Effect of Bifidobacterium Breve C50 Milk Fermentation Products on the Intestinal Flora and Immune System of Healthy Full-Term Infants......Page 249
6. Conclusion......Page 253
References......Page 254
Index......Page 263